Council pouring house

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The Ratsgießhaus
The interior of the Ratsgießhaus
The status book from 1698 shows the coexistence of bell casting and piece casting in the 17th century
Middeldorps coat of arms with house brand , cannon and bell

The Ratsgießhaus in Lübeck was the municipal foundry . It was on the Lastadie on the western bank of the Trave , about across from the Engelsgrube .

Council pouring house

For the first time there is evidence of a cinder house through a rent payment of 1546. In 1581 a repair was necessary. The successor to this old gun foundry house was built in 1647 directly on the south wing of the Dröge and expanded in 1665/66. It was a sober building without any significant architectural ornament, apart from a stepped gable on the south facade. The top three steps were later removed and the gable adjusted to the sloping roof at this point.

Guns and bells were mainly cast in the foundry ; the foundry products were only partly produced for the city's own use and its enclaves , but were mainly intended for export .

The foundry master Albert Benningk , who produced a total of 157 bronze cannons for the Netherlands up to 1668 , from 1713 to his death in 1753, the council caster Lorenz Strahlborn and the council caster Johann David Kriesche from 1771 to 1790 were active in the foundry .

There were three furnaces in the house; the largest had a capacity of 18,000 pounds of metal and was last used in 1811 by the council foundry JGW Landré to cast the two 16,000 pound bells of the Schwerin Cathedral . Individual bells were also cast in other places: in 1546 a pulse bell for the Marienkirche in the churchyard of Maria Magdalenenkirche (castle church) , in 1699 the cathedral pulse bell on the square in front of the master craftsman's house, and in 1707 a bell for Stralsund the square in front of the castle gate.

In 1886 the Ratsgießhaus was demolished together with the neighboring Dröge. In Lübeck itself there are no longer any evidence of the highly developed piece foundry . The neutrality of the three Hanseatic cities agreed in the Treaty of Basel (1795) led to the cannons being sold and the ramparts of Lübeck's city fortifications razed.

Lübeck council founder

The council founders had the privilege of casting all artillery pieces and bells weighing over 2 pounds for ships (around 256 kg) for the city and its countryside. They were at the same time as Büchsenschütz ( GunMaster responsible) for the maintenance of urban guns and firearms, and later as a constable and as a fire protection expert syringe master of urban fire-fighting force.

After Hirt's age-related resignation to Michaelis in 1858, the Senate decided not to fill the office again.

Further foundry houses in Lübeck

In addition, there were other plots of land in the old town, later preferably in the last built-up areas between Kupferschmiedestraße and Engelswisch , especially along the Fischergrube , which had been used as foundry houses for centuries from the 14th century. These include numbers 27 and 46 in the Fischergrube, Große Burgstraße 47, and in the course of the renovation of the Sparkasse in Lübeck, Breite Straße 26, to name just a few, was discovered and excavated . From the 14th century, the foundry houses are located in the northwest of the city in areas that were largely spared from the air raid on Palm Sunday 1942 . Therefore excavation results are only available to a limited extent. For more foundries see under foundry (Lübeck) .

  • Street side of the foundry "Zum Lamm" in the Fischergrube 46

  • Rear facade of the foundry house "Zum Lamm"

literature

  • Friedrich Bruns , Hugo Rahtgens , Lutz Wilde : The architectural and art monuments of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Volume I, Part 2: City Hall and public buildings of the city. Max Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1974, ISBN 978-3-79500034-9 , pp. 366-370.
  • Rainer Andresen: Lübeck. The old cityscape. Volume 1: History, Churches, Fortifications. Verlag Neue Rundschau, Lübeck 1908 (Unchanged reprint, ibid. 1988).
  • Hans Drescher: Grapen of the 12th – 13th centuries Century from Lübeck, works Lübeck foundry? In: Olaf Ahlers (ed.): Lübeck 1226. Imperial freedom and early city. Hansisches Verlagkontor Scheffler, Lübeck 1976, pp. 307-320.
  • Manfred glasses : The medieval bronze foundry on the property at Breite Straße 26. In: Lübeck writings for archeology and cultural history. Vol. 17, 1988, ISSN  0721-3735 , pp. 134-136.
  • Theodor Hach : Lübecker Glockenkunde (= publications on the history of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Vol. 2, ZDB -ID 520795-2 ). Max Schmidt, Lübeck 1913, especially p. 188ff.
  • Günter Meyer: Bronze cannons from Lübeck - production and trade of the council founders. In: Zeitschrift für Lübeckische Geschichte Volume 96 (2016), pp. 143–163

Individual evidence

  1. ^ After Hach (Lit.), pp. 265f. The bells are not preserved because they were melted down during the First World War.