Caucasus-Asian stonecrop

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Caucasus-Asian stonecrop
Caucasian stonecrop (Phedimus spurius)

Caucasian stonecrop ( Phedimus spurius )

Systematics
Order : Saxifragales (Saxifragales)
Family : Thick-leaf family (Crassulaceae)
Subfamily : Sempervivoideae
Tribe : Umbiliceae
Genre : Phedimus
Type : Caucasus-Asian stonecrop
Scientific name
Phedimus spurius
( M.Bieb. ) 'T Hart

The Caucasus Asia fat hen ( Phedimus spurius . (M. Bieb) 't Hart , Syn .: Sedum spurium . M. Bieb ) is a plant, which today for plant genus Phedimus belongs to the genus earlier and sedum ( Sedum was counted).

description

Phedimus spurius is a perennial , herbaceous plant and grows with numerous, prostrate or creeping, root-forming shoots . The sterile shoots are bare or slightly papilose and 5 to 15 centimeters long. The leaves are opposite or rarely arranged alternately. They are seated or have a short stalk. At a length of 15 to 35 millimeters and a width of 10 to 12 millimeters spatulate to obovate or almost circular, wedge-shaped leaf blade is often notched in the upper part.

The papillary flower stems are prostrate or ascending. Its inflorescence forms very dense ebruises with three to five branches and 15 to 30 flowers . The obsolete to elongated bracts are papillae. The five-fold (rarely six-fold) flowers are almost sessile or have a short stalk. Their deltoid to lanceolate sepals are blunt to pointed and papilose towards their tip. They are up to 10 millimeters long. The pure white to blood red petals are upright in the lower part, mostly spread out over them. They are keeled, almost egg-shaped and have a short, sometimes long, attached tip and are 7 to 12 millimeters long. The stamens are 5 to 9 millimeters long and the anthers are red. The nectar flakes are about 0.5 millimeters long and 1 millimeter wide. The flowering period extends from June to August.

The bare fruits united at their base are almost upright and 5 to 9 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is .

Systematics and Etymology

It was first described as Sedum spurium in 1808 by Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein . Henk 't Hart placed the species in the genus Phedimus in 1995 . Nomenclatory synonyms are Asterosedum spurium (M.Bieb.) Grulich and Spathulata spuria (M.Bieb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve .

The specific epithet spurius means "illegitimate, conceived by an unknown father with a prostitute" and refers to species whose taxonomic classification caused difficulties.

Distribution and location

The leaves are fleshy and form small rosettes
Detail view of an inflorescence

Phedimus spurius is common in Georgia (in the Caucasus ), in northern Iran and in Asia Minor ( Turkey ) in rocky places and on subalpine meadows at altitudes of 1250 to 3000 meters. The plant is used as a garden plant but also thrives in the wild in dry grass, on walls and rocks. In Central Europe it is a character species of the association Convolvulo-Agriopyrion or the classes Sedo-Scleranthetea and Asplenietea.

Use in the garden and invasiveness

These ornamental plants can usually be found commercially under Sedum spurium . Garden shapes are 'Schorbuser Blut' with red-violet flowers and dark-violet leaves, 'Sunset Cloud' with pink-orange flowers, 'Album Superbum' also known as snow carpet fat leaf or carpet stonecrop, with pure white flowers and light green leaves, not to be confused with Sedum album ( white Stonecrop ), 'Purple carpet' with red-brown leaves and red flowers and 'roseum Superbum' with pure pink flowers.

In many European countries Phedimus spurius has grown wild or newly naturalized in places and can therefore also be found outside of cultivated gardens. In Austria it can be found in all federal states and some of it has meanwhile been naturalized.

In 2013, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation placed the plant on the black list of species as an invasive plant that are to be pushed back with management measures. It is treated as a neophyte . The reason is that it has spread to rocky locations, for example, where it is able to push back rare plant species through the formation of dense carpets of plants. Problems with nature conservation are documented by the diabase reading in Hof ( Bavaria ). The plant is attempted to be pushed back through landscape conservation measures. Therefore, it should not be used in the garden, or at least care should be taken to ensure that the plant does not grow out of the garden or is unintentionally carried into the landscape with compost material.

literature

  • Urs Eggli (ed.): Succulent lexicon. Crassulaceae (thick leaf family) . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3998-7 , pp. 209 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • T. Blachnik, 2014, Repulsion of the invasive neophyte Caucasus stonecrop (Sedum spurium) and restoration of rock grass on diabase rocks in the Bavarian Vogtland. ANLiegen Natur 36/1 [4]
  • S. Nehring et al. (Ed., 2013) Nature conservation invasiveness assessments for alien vascular plants living in the wild in Germany. [5]

Web links

Commons : Caucasian stonecrop ( Phedimus spurius )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich August Marschall von Bieberstein : Flora Taurico-Caucasica exhibens stirpes phaenogamas, in Chersoneso Taurica et regionibus caucasicis sponte crescentes . Volume 1, Charkow 1808, p. 352, (online) .
  2. ↑ Henk 't Hart, Urs Eggli : Evolution and Systematics of the Crassulaceae . Backhuis Publishers, Leiden 1995, ISBN 90-73348-46-3 , p. 168.
  3. ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 606 (reprint from 1996).
  4. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  482 .
  5. ↑ Botanica. The abc of the plants. Random House Australia, German edition: Edition Könemann in Tandem Verlag 2003, ISBN 3-89731-900-4 , p. 834
  6. ↑ Our nature , Verlag Werner Dausien, Hanau 1981, ISBN 3-7684-2033-7 , p. 208
  7. ↑ Rock garden plants , Weltbildverlag Augsburg / Artia-Verlag, Praha 1990, 3/15/10 / 52-02, p. 191
  8. ↑ S. Nehring et al. (Ed., 2013) Nature conservation-related invasiveness assessments for non-native vascular plants living in the wild in Germany [1]
  9. ↑ Repulsion of the invasive neophyte Caucasian stonecrop (Sedum spurium) and restoration of rock grass lawn on diabase rocks in the Bavarian Vogtland. - ANLiegen Natur 36 (1) [2]
  10. ↑ Profile Infoflora Switzerland, [3]