Little rue
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Little meadow rue ( Thalictrum minus ), illustration. |
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The Small Meadow Rue ( Thalictrum minus ) is a plant from the genus of thalictrum ( Thalictrum ) in the family of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae).
description
The small meadow rue is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of up to 150 centimeters. The upright stem is branched.
The alternate leaves arranged on the stem are pinnate several times with rounded to wedge-shaped sections. They are bluish-green with frosting, more rarely also greyish-green.
There are many upright or nodding flowers in a branched, loose, paniculate inflorescence . The 4 to 5 millimeter long flowers have four light yellow bracts . The numerous hanging stamens have a yellowish color. The spindle-shaped nuts are up to 2 mm long and ribbed lengthways. The flowering period extends from May to August.
The species is hexaploid , decaploid, and dodecaploid; it has chromosome numbers 2n = 42, 70 or 84.
ecology
The plant is wind flowering ; the pre- female flowers are of the "pendent type"; the anthers are quite long and easy to move, which favors wind pollination . On the other hand, they also serve as a display organ for visitors who eat pollen . In addition, self-pollination is not uncommon. In bad weather, the flowers remain closed.
The nuts spread out as wind spreaders, balloon fliers, possibly also as boreholes or as rain drifts.
distribution
The little meadow rue occurs in Europe mainly in the south, in southern Central Europe, in the west and in the east. In the north as well as in Germany it is quite rare. It is a half-shade to half-light plant and grows, for example, on sunny bushes, on the edges of forests and in light oak stands. It prefers calcareous, humus-rich, stony, loam or loess soil.
It is a character species of the Geranion sanguinei (thermophilic fringing societies) association.
Systematics
The scientific name Thalictrum minus was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum .
The following subspecies occur in Europe:
- Thalictrum minus subsp. kemense (Fries) Cajander , occurs in Northern Europe, Northern Asia and North America, in Europe only in Northern Scandinavia and Northern Russia.
- Thalictrum minus subsp. minus (incl. Thalictrum minus subsp. majus (Crantz) Rouy & Fouc. ), occurs throughout Europe, but recedes in the north.
- Thalictrum minus subsp. olympicum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Strid (Syn .: Thalictrum minus subsp. saxatile (DC.) Schinz & Keller ; Thalictrum saxatile DC. ), occurs in Europe only on the Balkan Peninsula, in Southeastern Europe and in southern Central Europe.
- Thalictrum minus subsp. pseudominus (Borbás) Soó , occurs only in Austria, Hungary and the former Czechoslovakia.
- Thalictrum minus subsp. pubescens (Schleicher ex DC.) Arcangeli , occurs in Europe only in Portugal, Spain and France.
swell
literature
- Bruno P. Kremer: Steinbach's great plant guide. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4903-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 8. Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae. Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1989, ISBN 951-9108-07-6 , pp. 240-243.
- ↑ a b Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of the plants of Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 , p. 777 .
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 419-420 .
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 1, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 546 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Little rue. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Little rue . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Thalictrum minus L. s. l. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thalictrum minus subsp. saxatile Ces. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 21, 2015.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran. (swed.)
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
