Rott Monastery
The Rott Abbey is a former abbey of Benedictine in Rott am Inn in Bavaria in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising .
History of the monastery
The beginnings of the monastery go back to the late 11th century. Probably on the occasion of the wedding of his son Kuno II von Rott to Elisabeth von Lorraine († 1086), Count Palatine Kuno I von Rott developed a plan to found a monastery on the family estate. When in 1081 Kuno II von Rott fell childless in the battle of Höchstädt under King Henry IV's exile, the foundation was renewed and the monastery was taken under papal protection.
Due to the properties in the Lamer Winkel in the Bavarian Forest , it is often linked to its development and history.
Due to the secularization , the monastery was dissolved in 1803, parts of the complex were torn down or sold, the forest property was nationalized and the valuable library was sold, with a few exceptions. Many of the remaining parts of the building fell victim to a major fire in 1937. The abbey church, however, was preserved and now serves as a parish church .
Monastery church
The Rotter Abbey Church of St. Marinus and Anianus is dedicated to St. Marinus and St. Anianus . The rococo building by Johann Michael Fischer has stood on the site of the original Romanesque basilica since 1763 . The partly white and partly colored altar sculptures by Ignaz Günther are considered to be top achievements in German sculpture of the 18th century.
Client
The unique harmony of space, furnishings and program, which distinguishes the Rotter Klosterkirche, is the result of a literally “unique” work community of the most important artists of southern German Rococo. It owes its creation primarily to the client Abbot Benedikt II. Lutz (1720–1777). Born in Kitzbühel in 1720 , Benedikt Lutz entered the Rott Monastery in 1737, presumably due to its geographical proximity to the incorporated Pillersee priory . Novitiate and theological studies took him to Weihenstephan near Freising , where the respected Father Roman Weixer (1690–1764) became his father's friend.
Building history
After the old church was largely demolished by “Tiroler Knappen” in early March 1759, the foundation stone was laid on June 4th. According to an old tradition, construction work began in the east with the construction of the sacristy and the psalier choir above . Due to the sovereign building organization Fischer and an "overly precipitant" (hasty) client, the huge building grew rapidly so that the topping-out ceremony could already be celebrated on August 20, 1760, followed by the closure of the main dome in November of the same year. In the meantime, the plasterers around Jakob Rauch began to decorate the Psallierchor (relief pictures with scenes from the life of St. Benedict ).
In addition to the completion of the church roof, the year 1761 saw above all the decoration of the presbytery, in which, in addition to Rauch, Matthäus Günther was also involved with the frescoing of the ceiling mirror. A first highlight was the provisional installation of the high altar by Ignaz Günther in November of the same year. The construction season in 1762 was dominated by the design of the main room. Between June and October, Matthäus Günther created the monumental dome fresco with the “theatrum honoris” of the Benedictine order. At the same time, work on the high altar was completed, which, contrary to the original concept, was expanded to include statues of the imperial couple Heinrich and Kunigunde .
After the completion of the room shell in April 1763, work concentrated on the altar furnishings. After the late Gothic donor's grave, which was the only medieval sculpture to have found its final place in the vestibule, the church was consecrated on October 23, 1763 by Freising Auxiliary Bishop Franz Ignaz Albert von Werdenstein . At this point in time the equipment of the church was not yet finished. Confessionals, entrance grilles, antependia and various framing work dragged on until 1767. The side altars next to the vestibule, consecrated in 1791, formed the final conclusion of the work.
Further measures
After two restorations, some of which were not true to the original, in 1867 and 1962/1963, the former monastery church underwent a comprehensive overall renovation from 1994 to 2002, based on the original condition. The Rotter Church has been accessible again since July 2002 and can be viewed in its new “old splendor”.
Row of Abbots
source
- Berteric, 1142
- Lothar, 1151, 1166
- Heribert (Herbord), 1179
- Frederick I, 1226
- Henry I, 1232, 1254
- Conrad I., 1255-1276
- Nicolaus, 1285
- Conrad II. Count von Eschenlohe, 1291
- John I of Colonia, 1306, 1310
- Otto I. Varcher, 1316, 1325
- Conrad III, 1325-1330
- Friedrich von Pientzenau, 1330–1348
- Heinrich II., Tyrndl, 1348 - around 1359
- Otto II. Varcher, 1360-1362
- Ulrich Krätzl, 1363-1371
- Henry III. Kolb, 1371-1389
- Ekbert Krätzl, 1389-1413, received the pontificals in 1390
- Conrad IV. Spielberger, 1413-1443
- Matthias Schoettl, 1443–1447
- Henry IV. Varcher, 1447–1459
- Alexius von Perfall, 1459–1484
- Johann II. Hero, 1485–1498
- John III, 1498-1515
- Marinus I. Grimm, 1515-1530
- Paul Edlinger, 1530-1536
- Benedict I Stumpf, 1536–1567
- Meinrad Huber, 1567–1575
- Christoph I. Schroettl, 1575-1590
- Georg Weckerlein, 1590–1595
- Joachim Anzenberger, 1595
- Marinus II. Georg Widmann, 1595–1610
- Jacob II. Allgeier, 1610–1615
- Jacob III Johann Agricola (farmer), 1615-1639
- Simon Hermann, 1639–1641
- Roman Stoeger, 1641–1661
- Christoph II. Virgil Widmann, 1661–1681
- Rupert Lex, 1681-1698
- Aemilian I. Oettlinger, 1698-1726
- Corbinian Graetz, 1726-1757
- Benedict II. Lutz von Lutzkirchen, 1757–1776
- Gregor Mack, 1776-1801
- Aemilian II. Müller, 1801–1803, † 1809
literature
- Willi Birkmaier (Ed.): Rott am Inn. Contributions to the art and history of the former Benedictine abbey . Weißenhorn 1983.
- Willi Birkmaier (Ed.): Rott am Inn. Contributions to the art and history of the former Benedictine abbey . 2nd volume, Weißenhorn 2002.
- Martin Ruf: Profession book of the Benedictine monastery Rott am Inn . Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches. 32nd supplementary volume, Sankt Ottilien 1991.
- Georg Schrott: amusements and experiments. Natural history activities in the Rott Abbey in the late 18th century , in: Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches 119 (2008), pp. 221-256.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Hartig: Die Oberbayerischen Stifts , Volume I: The Benedictine, Cistercian and Augustinian canons . Publisher vorm. G. J. Manz, Munich 1935, DNB 560552157 , p. 62.
Web links
- Monasteries in Bavaria: Benedictine monastery Rott am Inn House of Bavarian history
- Baroqueization of the medieval church Seminar paper at the TU Vienna, PDF (2.1 MB)
- Impressions of the bell lift / recording of the new full bells .
- Recording of the ringing of the bells on August 14, 2015 .
Coordinates: 47 ° 58 ′ 57 ″ N , 12 ° 7 ′ 45.5 ″ E