St. Marinus and Anianus (Rott am Inn)

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Parish Church of St. Marinus and Anianus, west facade
Crucifixion fresco on the south wall
Wall painting on the south tower

The Catholic parish church of St. Marinus and Anianus in Rott am Inn , a municipality in the Rosenheim district in Bavaria , was formerly the abbey church of the Rott Benedictine monastery, which was founded in the 11th century . The present church was built in the middle of the 18th century under the direction of the master builder Johann Michael Fischer in the Rococo style. Church patrons are the two wandering monks Marinus and Anianus , who came from Ireland or France and who lived as hermits in the 7th century in the Irschenberg area . The church, which is one of the most beautiful examples of the late rococo in Bavaria along with the Wieskirche , is a protected architectural monument .

history

From a presumably incurred from 1158 to 1184 Romanesque predecessor church, a flat-roofed, three-aisled basilica without transept with two east towers, old views still exist. In 1759, the old church was largely demolished and the new construction began, while retaining parts of the Romanesque main walls and the choir towers with the aisle apses contained therein. The new church was consecrated in 1763 by the Freising Auxiliary Bishop Franz Ignaz Albert von Werdenstein . Since the dissolution of the monastery through secularization in 1803, the former abbey church has served as the parish church of St. Peter and Paul, Marinus and Anianus, the former parish church has been demolished.

architecture

Exterior construction

The west facade, which barely emerges from the line of the adjacent monastery buildings, is crowned by a tail gable, in the middle of which a niche with the figure of St. Benedict , a copy in copper from 1963, is cut. The facade, punctuated by round and oval windows, is structured horizontally by cornices and vertically by pilasters that stand on a high base. On the central risalit , in which the portal and a high arched window open, a blown triangular gable is placed.

The choir and the two east towers have largely been preserved from the previous Romanesque building. On the outer wall of the southern tower, fragments of wall paintings from around 1440 have been exposed, presumably depicting scenes from the legend of St. Barbara . A wall painting by Matthäus Günther from 1763 can be seen in a niche on the south wall of the nave facing the cemetery . It depicts Christ on the cross and angels collecting the blood that flows from his wounds in goblets.

inner space

inner space

The interior is designed as a series of five rooms. The central main room has an octagonal floor plan and is spanned by a flat dome with pendentives , which rests on pillars studded with pilasters. In the west and east there are two rooms with a square floor plan, in the west a room covered with a flat dome and a vestibule with an organ gallery above, in the east the just closed choir, which is also covered with a flat dome, and the sacristy with the psallier choir above. From these five parts of the room, arcades open to side chapels in which altars are set up. Above the arcades run galleries whose parapets are fitted with ornate decorative grilles.

Remains of the previous medieval building

The Romanesque apse of the former north aisle is still visible on the ground floor of the north tower . At the entrance to today's sacristy, set columns with cube capitals have been preserved, only the capital of one column is exposed. The wall paintings in the apse calotte are dated to the early 14th century. Surrounded by a mandorla is a Madonna with the baby Jesus, who is standing on Mary's lap. Two angels hold the crown of Mary, two other angels hold the mandorla.

Dome frescoes

The domes of the three central rooms are decorated with frescoes by Matthäus Günther . The theme of the ceiling painting in the main room is the glory of the Benedictine order. The fresco on the western dome depicts the death of St. Anianus in his hermitage. It bears the signature: “M. Gündter pinxit 1763 “. On the choir fresco you can see the blazing fire of the pyre on which Saint Marinus is martyred.

Piece

The stucco decoration was carried out by Jakob Rauch around 1763 . Walls and ceilings are covered with numerous rocailles , putti and putti heads, reliefs represent the virtues and personifications of the continents. The consecration crosses are surrounded by cartouches and provided with the attributes of the apostles.

Furnishing

Emperor Heinrich II.
Empress Kunigunde
  • The designs of the altars go back to Ignaz Günther , who also executed a large part of the figures himself. The painting of the high altar by Joseph Hartmann is dedicated to the church patrons Marinus and Anianus and depicts their acceptance into heaven. The figures of St. Korbinian and St. Ulrich von Augsburg stand between the columns . On the side pedestals you can see Emperor Heinrich II with the model of Bamberg Cathedral and his wife Kunigunde .
  • On the altar barn of the eastern diagonal chapels are the silver-framed busts of the church patron, in the northern chapel Saint Anianus, in the southern chapel Saint Marinus.
  • The pulpit also dates from the time the church was built. The figures, the evangelist symbols on the pulpit and the tablets of the law and trumpet angels on the sound cover are works by Joseph Götsch .
  • The cheeks of the church chair were also carved by Joseph Götsch.
Mary Magdalene
Jerome
  • The four confessionals from 1765 in the vestibule are also works by Joseph Götsch.
  • In the corner niches of the vestibule are the white carved figures of Mary Magdalene , Mary of Egypt , the apostle Peter and St. Jerome , who holds a stone in his hand as his attribute.

organ

organ

In 1765 the church received an organ on the west gallery. The baroque two-part organ case on the north and south side of the gallery niche allows a clear view of the west window. The new building by Anton Staller from 1967 included the old housing and some historical registers . The work comprised 22 registers, which were distributed over two manuals and pedal . After a hailstorm had badly damaged the instrument in 2008, a reorganization followed in 2012 by the Munich organ builder Johannes Führer , which added ten registers. The slider chests -instrument has since more than 32 stops on two manuals and pedal. The key actions are mechanical, the stop actions are electrical.

Bells

Up until 2015, five cast steel bells from the Bochum Association hung in the main tower of the church , which were cast in V12 ribs in 1948. As part of the renovation of the steel bell cage, seven new bronze bells were also created in the art workshops of Maria Laach Abbey in April 2015 . Together with a still existing historical bell, the former Rott Abbey Church now has a rich ring of eight bells. The three large bells were hung in the main tower, the five smaller ones in the side tower. The consecration of the bell by Archabbot Korbinian Birnbacher OSB from the Archabbey of St. Peter in Salzburg took place on June 28, 2015. On the eve of August 15, 2015, the bell was presented to the public for the first time.

No. Surname Nominal Weight
(kg)
Diameter
(cm)
Casting year Foundry,
casting location
1 Salvator Bell b 0 3120 170 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
2 Marinus and anianus bell of the 1st 2170 147 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
3 Peter and Paul bell it 1 1540 131 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
4th Weather bell ges 1 ? ? 1624 Bartholomäus Wengle, Munich
5 Marienbell as 1 0720 105 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
6th Benedict bell b 1 0570 093 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
7th Peregrinus bell of the 2nd 0410 083 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey
8th Joseph Bell it 2 0290 073 2015 Art workshops of the Maria Laach Abbey

Donor's grave

In the vestibule is the late Gothic high grave of the monastery donors, which was created in 1485 on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of the monastery by the Burghausen stonemason Franz Sickinger . Kuno I and his son Kuno II are depicted as knights with a model of the church on the red marble cover plate. A circumferential inscription is carved on the edge of the plate. Several coats of arms are attached to the side walls of the Tumba . On the eastern narrow side, Elisabeth of Lorraine († 1086) is shown, the widow of Kuno II, who kneels between the coats of arms of the Counts of Rott and the Dukes of Lorraine.

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bayern IV: Munich and Upper Bavaria . 2nd edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich 2002, ISBN 3-422-03010-7 , pp. 1034-1037.
  • Alexander Heisig: Church leader of the parish of St. Marinus and St. Anianus, Rott am Inn . Katholisches Pfarramt St. Peter and Paul (eds.), 2nd edition, Rott am Inn 2015, ISBN 3-00-016647-5 .

Web links

Commons : St. Marinus and Anianus (Rott am Inn)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Saint Anianus and Marinus Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
  2. List of monuments for Rott a.Inn (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-87-170-5
  3. ^ Parish Rott am Inn, St. Peter and Paul, Anianus and Marinus Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
  4. New and restored organs in the Archdiocese: Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul in Rott am Inn Archdiocese of Munich and Freising.
  5. ^ Rott am Inn, St. Peter and Paul Munich organ building.

Coordinates: 47 ° 58 ′ 56.8 "  N , 12 ° 7 ′ 44.8"  E