White House Communications Director
White House Communications Director | |
vacant | |
Appointed by |
Current President of the United States : Donald Trump |
First incumbent | Herbert G. Klein (1969) |
Current incumbent | vacant |
Creation of office | 20th January 1969 |
Salutation | |
Deputy | |
Website | http://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/ |
The communications director of the White House ( English White House Communications Director ) is like the press secretary of the White House a high-ranking function in the White House . His immediate superior is the White House Chief of Staff ; this in turn reports directly to the US President.
The incumbent develops the media strategy for the President of the United States . His duties also include writing important speeches such as the inauguration speech or the annual State of the Union address .
The communications director has an office in the West Wing . Often times, a new US president appoints the White House communications director who previously led his election campaign .
List of incumbents
Communications director | image | Term of office | president |
---|---|---|---|
Herbert George Klein | Jan. 20, 1969 - July 1, 1973 | Nixon | |
Ken Wade Clawson | January 30, 1974 - November 4, 1974 | Nixon, Ford | |
Gerald Lee Warren | November 4, 1947 - August 15, 1975 | ford | |
Margita White | August 15, 1975 - July 12, 1976 | ||
David Richmond Gergen | July 12, 1976 - January 20, 1977 | ||
Gerald Monroe Rafshoon | July 1, 1977 - August 14, 1979 | Carter | |
Frank Ursomarso | February 23, 1981 - June 17, 1981 | Reagan | |
David Richmond Gergen | June 17, 1981 - January 15, 1984 | ||
Michael A. McManus Jr. | January 15, 1984 - February 6, 1985 | ||
Patrick Joseph Buchanan | February 6, 1985 - March 1, 1987 | ||
John O. Koehler | March 1, 1987 - March 13, 1987 | ||
Thomas Cecil Griscom | April 2, 1987 - July 1, 1988 | ||
Mari Maseng | July 1, 1988 - January 20, 1989 | ||
David Franklin Demarest Jr. | January 20, 1989 - August 23, 1992 | Bush sr. | |
Margaret DeBardeleben Tutwiler | August 23, 1992 - January 20, 1993 | ||
George Robert Stephanopoulos | January 20, 1993 - June 7, 1993 | Clinton | |
Mark Daniel Gearan | June 7, 1993-14. August 1995 | ||
Donald Aaron Baer | August 14, 1995 - July 31, 1997 | ||
Ann C. Frank Lewis | July 31, 1997 - March 10, 1999 | ||
Loretta M. Ucelli | March 10, 1999 - January 20, 2001 | ||
Karen Parfitt Hughes | January 20, 2001 - October 2, 2001 | Bush jr. | |
Daniel Joseph Bartlett | October 2, 2001 - January 5, 2005 | ||
Nicolle Wallace | January 5, 2005 - July 24, 2006 | ||
Kevin Sullivan | July 24, 2006 - January 20, 2009 | ||
Ellen Moran | January 20, 2009 - April 21, 2009 | Obama | |
Anita Dunn ( acting ) |
April 21, 2009 - November 30, 2009 | ||
Howard Daniel Pfeiffer | November 30, 2009 - January 25, 2013 | ||
Jennifer M. Palmieri | January 25, 2013 - April 1, 2015 | ||
Jennifer Rene Psaki | April 1, 2015 - January 20, 2017 | ||
Sean Michael Spicer | January 20 - March 6, 2017 | Trump | |
Michael D. Dubke | March 6, 2017 - June 2, 2017 | ||
Sean Michael Spicer ( acting ) |
June 2, 2017 - July 21, 2017 | ||
Anthony Scaramucci ( unofficial ) |
July 21, 2017 - July 31, 2017 | ||
Hope Charlotte Hicks ( provisional until September 12 ) |
August 16, 2017 to March 29, 2018 | ||
William Shine | July 5, 2018 to March 8, 2019 | ||
Stephanie Ann Grisham | July 1, 2019 to April 7, 2020 |
Footnotes
- ↑ a b NNDB: Vita Margita E. White ( English ) In: nndb.com . Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- ↑ Editor: Griscom, Thomas C. ( English ) In: reagan.utexas.edu . Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- ↑ Editor: Vita Burson · Marsteller ( English ) In: burson-marsteller.com . Burson Marsteller. Archived from the original on October 28, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- ↑ Editor: Clinton Administration Transition Interviews ( English ) In: archives.gov . Presidential Libraries and Museums. June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- ↑ a b Randy James: Dan Pfeiffer: The Next White House Communications Boss ( English ) In: content.time.com . Time magazine. November 13, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
- ↑ a b Michael D. Shear: Jen Psaki to Succeed Jennifer Palmieri as White House Communications Director ( English ) In: The New York Times . February 19, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2015.
- ↑ a b Edward isaac dovere: Jen Psaki returns to White House ( English ) In: Politico . February 19, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- ↑ Thomas Seibert: Portrait of Sean Spicer - the new voice of Donald Trump. In: Augsburger Allgemeine . January 23, 2017, accessed July 31, 2017 .
- ↑ "President Donald J. Trump Announces White House Staff Appointments" , whitehouse.gov , March 6, 2017th
- ↑ Mike Dubke: Trump's communications director leaves the White House. In: Zeit Online . May 30, 2017, accessed July 31, 2017 .
- ↑ Mysterious disappearance of Donald Trump's mouthpiece Sean Spicer . In: The New Zealand Herald . June 6, 2017. Accessed June 30, 2017.
- ↑ Glenn Thrush, "Sean Spicer Resigns as White House Press Secretary," New York Times, June 21, 2017
- ↑ Chaos in the White House: After 10 days: Trump fires his spokesman Scaramucci. In: Deutsche Welle . July 31, 2017, accessed July 31, 2017 .
- ↑ Trump appoints Hope Hicks as head of communications. In: zeit.de. Retrieved August 16, 2017 .
- ↑ thehill.com March 29, 2018: Trump bids farewell to Hope Hicks
- ^ Whitehouse.gov July 5, 2018: President Donald J. Trump Announces Senior Staff Appointment
- ↑ zeit.de
- ↑ see also politico.com August 31, 2018: 'I forget he's even there': Bill Shine lies low in the West Wing
- ^ Paul Farhi: New White House press secretary brings a combative style to the job. In: The Washington Post. WP Company LLC, June 25, 2019, accessed January 28, 2020 .
- ↑ Kaitlan Collins, Kate Bennett: Grisham out as West Wing press secretary without having held a briefing. In: CNN. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., June 7, 2020, accessed April 23, 2020 .