cone
A cone (plural: the cones and cones; of Latin conus . Cones, see ancient Greek κῶνος KONOS cone) is in the geometry of a surface of revolution formed by a about an axis ( straight line rotating) curve .
In technology, a cone is a technical component which has the shape of a cone or truncated cone . A distinction is made between two use cases:
- The reduction as a conical transition piece between two sections of a pipeline with different nominal widths .
- For the central connection of two workpieces: A conical connection brings the axle together with the wheel hub centrally. The cone here has the advantage that it can be produced easily and with high accuracy on a lathe . The cone is used in conjunction with its counterpart, the bearing shell, wherever roller bearings , e.g. B. ball bearings are used. There are designs with fixed or movable cones.
The change in the diameter of a cone is called conicity.
Applications (examples)
- In machine tools, drills or milling cutters often have the so-called Morse taper . This is self-locking and allows convenient, centrically exact clamping. A drive wedge is used for removal.
- Conical bearings in the wheel hubs and inner bearings of bicycles and other vehicles
- In the case of bicycle back- pedal brakes, the brake cone is part of the rear wheel hub.
- In the case of a loudspeaker , the membrane can be designed to be conical (conical loudspeaker).
- Cone coupling : Non- positive coupling with a conical clamping hub, through which the positive connection is established.
- Conical test equipment for measuring inside diameters: The cone is pressed into the bore with a prescribed force . The inside diameter of the hole can be determined from the penetration depth . For example at the goldsmith for finger rings.
- Rail vehicles obtained tapered bearing profiles that the wheel set in the line center and in the arc, the path difference (outside of the curve to inside of the curve) to compensate. As a result, wheelset guidance that is largely free of macro-slip (no flange contact) is achieved.
- In wire drawing , the wire is drawn cold through a tapered ( conical ) opening in a drawing die . It becomes longer and thinner without any loss of material.
- Round, funnel-shaped filler necks for mixing plants , silos etc.
- In architecture , columns that taper towards the top are called conical.
- In the case of a control manhole , the tapering pipe is called a cone or manhole neck.
- Large quantities of sewing thread for overlock hemming machines, industrial sewing or voluminous knitting threads are wound onto cardboard or thermoplastic cones with a height of 11 to 20 cm. Plastic cones are made non-slip by small teeth on the conical outer surface, the thread is pulled upwards from the standing cone, whereby its twist changes slightly.
- The drum in concrete mixers consists of several cones welded together.
- Conical threads ( Whitworth pipe threads ) according to EN 10226 (old DIN 2999) are referred to as "metallic sealing". A cylindrical internal thread is called "Rp ...", a conical or conical external thread is called "R ...", and a conical or conical internal thread is called "Rc ...". The nominal diameter of the conical thread corresponds to that of the cylindrical mating thread after a few turns. With further tightening, the threads jam and thus act as a metallic seal.
- The end piece of a medical syringe is called a cone, although it is not always conical, but has a screw thread, for example in the Luer-Lock system.
See also
- Equivalent taper of railway wheels
Footnotes
- ↑ Duden online : cone
- ↑ Fahrradmonteur.de: Konenlager