Kowda (river)
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Kowda Ковда, Koutajoki , Иова, Iowa , Софьянга, Sofjanga , Кундозерка, Kundoserka , Кума, Kuma , Ругозерка, Rugoserka |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 02020000412102000000123 | |
| location | Murmansk Oblast , Republic of Karelia ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Kowda | |
| Drain over | Kowda → White Sea | |
| origin | Lake Toposero 65 ° 47 ′ 31 ″ N , 31 ° 34 ′ 17 ″ E |
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| Source height | 109 m | |
| muzzle |
Kandalaksha Bay ( White Sea ) Coordinates: 66 ° 52 ′ 46 " N , 32 ° 25 ′ 2" E, 66 ° 52 ′ 46 " N , 32 ° 25 ′ 2" E |
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| Mouth height | 0 m | |
| Height difference | 109 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.47 ‰ | |
| length | 233 km | |
| Catchment area | 26,100 km² | |
| Discharge at the Sofjanga A Eo gauge : 3520 km² Location: 233 km above the mouth |
MNQ 1925/1988 MQ 1925/1988 Mq 1925/1988 MHQ 1925/1988 |
28 m³ / s 33 m³ / s 9.4 l / (s km²) 45 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the gauge Kumsk A Eo : 13,200 km² Location: 146 km above the mouth |
MNQ 1963/1988 MQ 1963/1988 Mq 1963/1988 MHQ 1963/1988 |
70 m³ / s 136 m³ / s 10.3 l / (s km²) 172 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the Iowsk A Eo gauge : 21,400 km² Location: 79 km above the estuary |
MNQ 1951/1988 MQ 1951/1988 Mq 1951/1988 MHQ 1951/1988 |
178 m³ / s 231 m³ / s 10.8 l / (s km²) 360 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the Knjaschegubsk A Eo gauge : 25,900 km² Location: 1.2 km above the mouth |
MNQ 1956/1988 MQ 1956/1988 Mq 1956/1988 MHQ 1956/1988 |
233 m³ / s 276 m³ / s 10.7 l / (s km²) 330 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Olanga , Porasjoki, Tumcha | |
| Right tributaries | Newga, Lopskaya | |
| Flowing lakes | Pjaosero , Sokolosero , Rugosero | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Kundosero , Suschosero , Kowdosero | |
| Small towns | Zelenoborsky | |
The Kowda ( Russian Ковда ; Finnish Koutajoki ) is a 233 km long river in the north of Karelia , southwest of the Kola Peninsula.
The river has different names along its course between the different lakes through which it flows. The course of the river lies in the Republic of Karelia and in the Murmansk Oblast ( Russia ). The Kowda has a catchment area of 26,100 km².
River course
The Kowda has its origin in the lake Toposero .
As Sofjanga ( Russian Софьянга ) the river leaves the lake at its northern end and after only 4 km reaches Lake Pjaosero , into which the Olanga also flows from the west .
As Kundoserka ( Russian Кундозерка ) the Pjaosero flows over a distance of 2 km into the east adjoining Lake Kundosero , at whose outlet the Kumsk hydropower plant is located.
As Kuma ( Russian Кума ) the Kowda flows over a distance of 12 km to the northwestern lake Sokolosero . The Newga rivers flow into the river from the right and Porasjoki from the left.
As Rugoserka ( Russian Ругозерка ) the Kowda flows 1.5 km further into Lake Rugosero . This merges into the Suschosero , into which the Tumtscha flows from the north . The Iovsk hydropower plant is located at the outflow of the reservoir, already in Murmansk Oblast .
As Iowa ( Russian Иова ) the Kowda flows 3.5 km in a north-easterly direction to the Tutosero , which flows into the Kowdosero reservoir .
In the past, the Kowda River flowed through the Kowdosero in a southeastern direction and flowed into the Kandalakscha Bay and the White Sea near Kowda .
In 1955, the original outflow of the Kowda from Lake Kowdosero was interrupted by a dam. Since then, the water has flowed directly to the Knjaschegubsk hydroelectric power station and on to the White Sea via a 3.8 km long canal . The Lopskaya River flows into the Kovdosero from the south .
Hydropower plants
The three hydropower plants on the Kowda river have an installed capacity of 328 MW and deliver a total annual output of 1588 GWh.
| Surname | completion position |
Power [MW] |
Number of turbines |
Drop height [m] |
Annual output [GWh] |
reservoir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kumsk | 1962 | 80 | 2 | 32 | 346 | Kundosero |
| Iovsk | 1960 | 96 | 2 | 36 | 536 | Suschosero |
| Knjaschegubsk | 1955 | 152 | 4th | 34 | 706 | Kowdosero |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article Toposero in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d e Article Kowda in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d Kowda in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ Kowda at the Sofjanga gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ Kowda at the Kumsk gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ Kowda at the Iowsk gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET
- ↑ Kowda at the Knjaschegubsk gauge - hydrographic data from R-ArcticNET