Kraśniczyn
| Kraśniczyn | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lublin | ||
| Powiat : | Krasnostawski | ||
| Gmina : | Kraśniczyn | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 56 ' N , 23 ° 22' E | ||
| Residents : | 450 (2004) | ||
| Postal code : | 22-310 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 82 | ||
| License plate : | LKS | ||
Kraśniczyn [ krasˈnɨczyn ] is a Polish village on the Wojsławka River, a right tributary of the Wieprz , in the Lublin Voivodeship , Powiat Krasnostawski , with about 450 inhabitants. Kraśniczyn is the seat of the rural municipality of the same name with more than 3700 inhabitants.
history
The first mention of the place was in 1564, Krasniczynie (German: Kiebitz ) received the town charter. Largely destroyed during the Swedish Wars in the middle of the 17th century, the town fell to Austria with the Third Partition of Poland in 1772 , from 1809 to 1815 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw , then until 1918 to the Russian Congress of Poland . In 1824 the town charter was lost. During the First World War the place was occupied by Austria-Hungary.
Since 1954 Kraśniczyn has been the seat of a rural commune with 21 villages that belonged to the Chełm Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998 .
ghetto
During the Second World War , the National Socialists set up a ghetto in the municipality in April 1941, in which, as in the neighboring Ghetto Izbica, several thousand deportees were smuggled through to be transported to the extermination camps Sobibor , Belzec , Treblinka and Auschwitz-Birkenau . The ghetto was closed on June 6, 1942.
Two transports with 1765 deportees are known and documented.
On April 25, 1942, 852 Jews marched in Würzburg from Platz'schen Garten to Aumühle station. There the DA 49 transport train was ready for removal. "Duly handed over" to the transport guide at 1:00 p.m., the train passed Würzburg Central Station at 3:20 p.m. in the direction of Bamberg; 103 more Jews were admitted here. About Lichtenfels , Kronach and Saalfeld , through northern Silesia of Transport met at 2:00 pm on April 28, 1942 Lublin one. There, arrival at 5:00 a.m., he reached the destination station Krasnystaw at 8:45 a.m. The Würzburg Gestapo noted: “The entire transport was handed over; There were no incidents. "A police intervention was not necessary. . The deportees were taken to Kraśniczyn on foot. It is almost certain that all of the survivors were taken to the Sobibor extermination camp on June 6th.
A second transport from the Koblenz administrative district was put together on April 30, 1942. With him 770 people were deported to Kraśniczyn in the Lublin district of the Generalgouvernement . In addition to the 658 deportees from Koblenz, there were 104 inmates from the “Israelite Sanatoriums and Nursing Agencies” Bendorf - Sayn and 8 people from the Aachen administrative district . Another 330 people from the institutions in which Jewish nervous patients from the Reich were concentrated were deported in a transport to the east on June 15, 1942 - most likely to the Sobibór extermination camp.
local community
The place is the seat of the rural community of the same name (gmina wiejska). It has an area of 110 square kilometers and consists of 20 other villages.
Attractions
Today the Jewish cemetery, the remains of the synagogue that was destroyed in 1942 and the liquidated local ghetto have been prepared as a memorial.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Governor of the Royal Order of Xsięcia No. Dated 16,572. 3 July 1821 in historical records in the Warsaw Archives (AGAD)
- ↑ StAWü, Gestapo 18876, Bl. 265, 280, 282
- ↑ Tatiana Berenstein, artyrologia, opor i zaglada ludnosci zydowskiej w dystrykcie lubelskim [Martyrdom, resistance and extermination of the Jewish population in the Lublin district]. In: Biuletyn Zydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego H. 21, 1957, pp. 21-92
- ↑ Statistics and deportation of the Jewish population from the German Reich - deportation list Koblenz-Aachen to Krasniczyn on April 30, 1942