Frizzy pondweed

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Frizzy pondweed
Frizzy pondweed (Potamogeton crispus)

Frizzy pondweed ( Potamogeton crispus )

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Order : Frog-spoon-like (Alismatales)
Family : Pondweed family (Potamogetonaceae)
Genre : Spawn herbs ( Potamogeton )
Type : Frizzy pondweed
Scientific name
Potamogeton crispus
L.

The curled pondweed ( Potamogeton crispus ) is a species of spawning herbs ( Potamogeton ) within the family of the pondweed plants (Potamogetonaceae).

description

illustration
Distinguishing feature: serrated leaves
Form of persistence that sinks to the bottom of the water in winter, this is also a vegetative spreading possibility

Vegetative characteristics

The curly pondweed grows as a winter or summer green, perennial herbaceous plant . It is a submerged aquatic plant . It is anchored to the bottom of the water with underground runners . The square, often laterally compressed stems can be 30 centimeters to 2 meters long.

It forms elongated, submerged leaves that are wavy and clearly serrated at the edge (see illustration). The stipules are free from the leaf base.

Turions ( winter buds ) appear directly on the leaves in autumn . The curly pondweed can also develop special forms of persistence, which sink to the bottom of the water in winter and at the same time represent a vegetative spreading possibility.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The inflorescence stands at the end of the shoots and rises above the water surface on a short stalk. The inflorescence is a loose, 1 to 1.5 cm long cylindrical spike. The fruits are fused at the base and provided with a long, greenish, beak-like outgrowth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 52.

ecology

The flower spikes protrude vertically from the water. The flowers are pollinated by wind ; Overwater pollination (when the unwettable pollen is carried to the scars by water) or animal pollination (by water striders , water spiders or water snails ). The flowers are hermaphroditic and feminine ; instead of the missing flower envelope, they have four perigon-like stamen appendages that temporarily absorb the pollen that falls out.

The small stone fruit-like nuts with a hooked beak at the tip. There is swimming spread as well as random and Velcro spreading by water birds. Chance spread by fish is likely; in any case, it was found in Potamogeton natans . Fruit ripens from September to October.

The vegetative reproduction takes place through the easily breaking off stalk members (this corresponds to self, Velcro and swimming expansion ) as well as through turions that germinate in late summer and overwinter green.

Occurrence

It is common throughout Germany and in large parts of Europe , Asia and Africa except for the mountains. In the New World she appears as a neophyte .

This aquatic plant can usually be found between May and September in meso- to hypertrophic (often heavily polluted or polluted) stagnant or slow-flowing waters. It prefers water depths of 30-400 centimeters. It occurs particularly in societies of the order Potamogetonetalia.

literature

  • Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist: Potamogeton crispus . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . tape 22 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 1993 ( eFloras.org ).
  • Erich Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora . 7th edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 , pp. 104 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 , p. 578.
  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 104.
  2. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Potamogeton crispus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed June 1, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Krauses Laichkraut ( Potamogeton crispus )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files