Kuyucu Murad Pasha

Kuyucu Murad Pascha (German: Murad Pascha of the well tombs , Turkish Kuyucu Murat Paşa ; * 16th century in Bosnia or Croatia ; † August 5, 1611 in Diyarbakır ) was an Ottoman statesman and grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Ahmed I. . between 9 December 1606 and 5 August 1611. He died during the Ottoman-Safavid war (1603-1618) in 1611.

Origin of name

The origin of his nickname "Kuyucu" is not clear. Sources believe it got the name because he had insurgents in Anatolia dig wells, then kill them and bury them in the holes. According to other sources, he was thrown into a well with his horse near Tabriz during the Ottoman-Safavid War in 1585 and arrested by Persian forces, which is said to have earned him the nickname Kuyucu .

Life

Kuyucu Murad Pasha's exact date of birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been over 90 at the time of his death. He was born into a South Slavic Catholic family, but was brought to Constantinople as part of the boy harvest and trained there in an Enderûn school. After several positions as a government employee in the Sultan's palaces, he served the Egyptian Governor Mahmud Pasha as Kethüda (adjutant). In 1571 he accompanied the Ottoman general Koca Sinan Pascha on his campaign in Yemen and after the success in 1576 he became Beylerbey (provincial governor) in Beylik Yemen . When rumors arose in 1570 that Murad Pasha had enriched himself, he was recalled to Constantinople and was briefly imprisoned. But the Sultan forgave him and sent him to Şarkikarahisar as Sandschakbey . Then he was Beylerbey in Tripoli and then in Karaman . He took part in the Ottoman-Safavid War (1578-1590) and was captured there. After his release he was Beylerbey in Cyprus, Aleppo and again in Yemen. He also took part in the Long Turkish War from 1593. Sultan Mehmed III was impressed by his military achievements, especially during the siege of Eger (now Hungary) . so much that he promoted Murad Pasha to commander in chief of the Ottoman army in Hungary.

On December 11, 1606, the Sultan Ahmed I appointed him Grand Vizier. During his tenure, the new Grand Vizier had to deal primarily with the Celali uprisings in Anatolia. As early as 1519, revolts against the Ottoman rulers smoldered in Eastern Anatolia, and they were repeatedly and bloodily suppressed. In 1598 revolts broke out again due to the growing repression by the local governors and the collection of high taxes. After the start of the wars against Persia, the Janissaries occupied the peasants' land in order to extort money or to lease the land at high prices. Kuyucu Murad Pasha finally put down the rioting, killing more than 30,000 insurgents and executing many leaders.

In 1610, Murad Pasha led the Ottoman army in the war against the Safavids. He led the troops to Tabriz , where Abbas I was staying, but there was no fighting, so Murad Pasha retreated to Diyarbakır to replenish supplies and to wait and winter there for the next year. At the same time he conducted peace negotiations with the Persian king. Kuyucu Murad Pasha died in Diyarbakır during this time. His successor, Nasuh Pascha , reached a peace treaty that only lasted until 1615.

dig

Murad Pascha had a mosque with medrese built in Istanbul not far from the Beyazıt Mosque , where his Türbe (mausoleum) is located, in which he was buried.

reception

Cihan Ünal plays the Grand Vizier in the Turkish TV drama series Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem .

literature

• Necip P. Alpan, Nesip Kac̜i (Eds.): Shqiptarët në Perandorinë Ottoman . Albin, Tirana 1997, p. 37.
• İsmail Hâmi Danişmend: Osmanlı Devlet Erkâni . Türkiye Yayınevi, Istanbul 1971, p. 29.
• Mehmed Süreyya: Sicill-i Osmani . Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, Istanbul 1996, ISBN 975-333-038-3 , Volume IV p. 355.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Selcuk Aksin Somel: Kuyucu Murad Pasha. In: The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. Rowman & Littlefield, 2010, p. 160 ( online at Google Books )
2. ↑ ^{a b} Kuyucu Murat Paşa , biyografya.com, accessed on March 28, 2020.
3. ↑ Kuyucu Murat Paşa , Timetürk Biyografi, accessed on March 27, 2020.
4. ↑ ^{a b} İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı: XVI. Yüzyıl Ortalarından XVII. Yüzyıl Sonuna kadar (= Osmanlı Tarihi. , Volume III, Part 2) Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara 2011, ISBN 978-975-16-0010-3 , pp. 363–365.
5. ↑ Cemal Toksoy: Murad Pasha (Kuyucu). In: Yaşamları ve Yapıtlarıyla Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi. Yapı Kredi Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık A.Ş. Istanbul 1999, ISBN 975-08-0072-9 , C.2, pp. 253-254.
6. ↑ Veznecıler Kuyucu Murat Paşa Türbesı , turanakinci.com, accessed on March 27, 2020.
7. ↑ Kuyucu Murat Paşa kimdir? , Milliyet , January 21, 2016, accessed March 28, 2020.

predecessor	Office	successor
Dervisch Mehmed Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire December 11, 1606 - August 5, 1611	Gümülcineli Damat Nasuh Pasha