State election in Hesse in 1950
In the state elections in Hesse on November 19, 1950 , the SPD won under the leadership of top candidate Georg-August Zinn . The SPD was able to increase slightly to 44 percent, while the CDU fell from 31 to almost 19 percent. The turnout fell from almost three quarters of those eligible to 64.9 percent. It was the only election in Hesse so far in which the FDP (under the name FDP on a joint list with the Federation of Expellees and Disenfranchised (BHE) ) (31.8%) became the second strongest force. The 21 members of the joint list formed a parliamentary group of the FDP with 13 members and one of the BHE with 8 members. 48 of the state parliament members were elected via constituencies, 32 via state lists. The election took place on the same day as the state elections in Württemberg-Baden in 1950 and a by-election in the Arnsberg-Soest constituency .
Results
The results of the election:
| Political party | agree completely |
percent | Electoral kreisbe- tors |
Direct MAN date |
Seats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eligible voters | 2,985,021 | ||||
| Voters | 1,936,762 | 64.88 | |||
| Valid votes | 1,851,087 | 95.58 | |||
| SPD | 821.268 | 44.37 | 48 | 36 | 47 |
| FDP | 588,739 | 31.81 | 48 | 8th | 21st |
| CDU | 348.148 | 18.81 | 48 | 4th | 12 |
| KPD | 87,878 | 4.75 | 48 | ||
| NDP / DRP | 1,989 | 0.11 | 5 | ||
| HBLVP | 1,219 | 0.07 | 1 | ||
| BVE | 765 | 0.04 | 2 | ||
| Individual applicants | 1,081 | 0.06 | 2 | ||
| Total | 1,851,087 | 100 | 202 | 48 | 80 |
Only the four previous state parliament parties ran for candidates in all electoral districts. NDP / DRP and the “bloc of patriotic unification” (BVE) competed in only a few and the “Hessian Peasant and Rural People's Party” (HBLVP) in a single constituency. The names of the elected representatives were published in the State Gazette for the State of Hesse .
causes
While Konrad Adenauer and the federal CDU relied on their own majorities and bourgeois coalitions, the Hessian state association advocated the establishment of large coalitions and consequently oriented itself in terms of content to the positions of the SPD. The Hessian CDU was considered a left regional association. The Frankfurt guiding principles of autumn 1945, the first program of the CDU Frankfurt, had called for Christian socialism . The supporters of a liberal economic and social policy therefore found a home with the FDP, which appeared in Hesse as an LDP. Protestant, nationally conservative voters also preferred the FDP to the CDU. The 1950 state elections reflected this: Compared to 1946, the CDU lost more than a third of its votes and only got 18.8% - most of the losses went in favor of the FDP, which achieved the never again achieved result of 31.8% .
Federal political issues played a key role in the voting decision: the controversial integration into the West , which the SPD said was at the expense of German unity, and rearmament, which was intensely discussed with regard to the Korean War . In addition, there was the fact that the escalating dispute between the CDU and SPD in Bonn called the SPD / CDU coalition in Wiesbaden into question.
The elections in Hesse and Württemberg-Baden showed a uniform picture: Losses for the CDU and KPD were offset by slight gains for the SPD and strong gains for the party who had been expelled.
From the CDU's point of view, the defeat in both countries was also a consequence of the grand coalition , which made the CDU's position appear blurred. In the opposition, the CDU in Hesse inevitably took a counter-position to the SPD, and in Württemberg-Baden, under Reinhold Maier, a government consisting of the FDP and the SPD was formed and the CDU went into opposition.
consequences
Due to the peculiarities of the Hessian electoral law, the SPD could form the government alone. The CDU and FDP together received over 50% of the vote. The combination of proportional representation and one-person constituencies , however, gave the SPD a clear majority of the seats in parliament.
The election procedure was regulated as follows. Each voter had one vote. First, the MPs were determined from the 48 one-person constituencies. Here, whoever received the relative majority in the constituency was elected. The votes of the constituency candidates not elected and the votes of the elected candidate that were not required (surplus votes), i.e. the votes that he had achieved more than the second-placed candidate, were used to allocate the 32 mandates of the state lists.
Land lists were only allowed to be submitted by parties that had put up candidates in all constituencies. The votes of the other constituency candidates fell. The now remaining votes were distributed on state lists according to the D'Hondt procedure .
The electoral process resulted in 60% of the MPs (namely the constituency MPs) being elected with a third of the votes. The remaining 60% of the vote was determined by 40% of the parliamentarians. As the strongest party, the SPD benefited from this arrangement, gaining three quarters of the constituency seats.
The legal basis for the election was the revised Hessian state election law of September 18, 1950.
Zinn replaced Christian Stock (SPD), who had ruled together with the CDU, as Prime Minister.
See also
- Hessian Landtag # election results
- List of members of the Hessian state parliament (2nd electoral period)
literature
- Jochen Lengemann : The Hessen Parliament 1946–1986 . Biographical handbook of the advisory state committee, the state assembly advising the constitution and the Hessian state parliament (1st – 11th electoral period). Ed .: President of the Hessian State Parliament. Insel-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-458-14330-0 ( hessen.de [PDF; 12.4 MB ]).
Web links
- Helmut Schwan: Hessen elections in the rearview mirror: Two crosses for five years. In: FAZ.net . January 27, 2008.
- Candidate lists in the state gazette for the state of Hesse
Individual evidence
- ^ State elections in Hesse 1946–2009. Hessian State Statistical Office
- ^ Jochen Lengemann : The Hesse Parliament 1946–1986 . Biographical handbook of the advisory state committee, the state assembly advising the constitution and the Hessian state parliament (1st – 11th electoral period). Ed .: President of the Hessian State Parliament. Insel-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-458-14330-0 , p. 98 ( hessen.de [PDF; 12.4 MB ]).
- ^ Claus A. Fischer (ed.): Election handbook for the Federal Republic of Germany. Data on Bundestag, Landtag and European elections in the Federal Republic of Germany, in the federal states and in the districts 1946–1989, 1st half volume . Paderborn 1990.
- ^ Union in Germany . (PDF) November 11, 1950, p. 4
- ↑ The State Returning Officer: Final result of the elections to the Landtag of the State of Hesse on November 19, 1950. In: Supplement No. 12 to the "State Gazette for the State of Hesse" No. 48 of December 2, 1950.
- ^ Union in Germany . (PDF) November 25, 1950, p. 2
- ↑ Jakob Schissler: Principles of the political and economic development in Hesse after 1945 , chapter: The electoral regulations. In: Dirk Berg-Schlosse, Thomas Noetzel: Parties and elections in Hesse 1946–1994 . Pp. 57-60
- ↑ GVBl. P. 171
