State election in Hesse 1991
The elections for the 13th Hessian state parliament took place on January 20, 1991 and led to the loss of power of the incumbent CDU / FDP coalition . With slight gains, the SPD was just under the strongest party with 40.8% of the votes and, together with the Greens, was able to form the second red-green coalition in Hesse. At the same time as the state elections, two popular votes ( mandatory referendums ) were held on the adoption of changes to the state constitution.
initial situation
In the previous (early) state elections on April 5, 1987 , Walter Wallmann had a very narrow majority (56 of the 110 mandates) and was able to form a CDU and FDP government. For the first time since the war, the SPD had been relegated to the opposition.
The new election on April 5, 1987 resulted in the following result:
| Political party | Voting share | Seats |
|---|---|---|
| CDU | 42.1% | 47 |
| SPD | 40.2% | 44 |
| GREEN | 9.4% | 10 |
| FDP | 7.8% | 9 |
*) To 100 missing percent = parties not represented in the state parliament
For the first time in 1991, the Hessian voters were able to cast two votes. With the separation of the state and constituency votes (enforced by the FDP), the small parties hoped for a strengthening. At the same time as the state elections, referendums were held on changes to the Hessian constitution (all of which were approved by an overwhelming majority).
Top candidates
The CDU ran with Prime Minister Walter Wallmann as the top candidate. The opponent of the SPD was the Lord Mayor of Kassel , Hans Eichel . The Greens went into the election campaign with a dual leadership. Iris Blaul and Joschka Fischer headed the Greens list. Minister Wolfgang Gerhardt was the leading candidate for the FDP .
Election campaign
The election overshadowed the beginning of the recapture of Iraq- occupied Kuwait in the Second Gulf War , which took place on January 17, three days before the election.
The CDU-led federal government had supported the diplomatic efforts of the UN Security Council for a withdrawal of Iraq and also contributed to the financing of the international armed forces, which began to drive out the occupation forces on January 17th. The peace movement was directed against this policy . The Greens also clearly addressed the rejection of the war. In the days before the election and also on election day there were demonstrations and collections of signatures against the war.
State political issues took a back seat before this event. In the scandal surrounding the Frankfurt brothel operator Hersch Beker, Interior Minister Gottfried Milde resigned in the election year.
The opinion polls predicted a head-to-head race with advantages for the CDU for the state elections in Hessen in 1991.
Official end result
The SPD and the Greens achieved a slim majority of the seats - just like Wallmann's CDU-FDP coalition four years earlier, Eichel's coalition was able to rely on 56 of the 110 MPs. He was elected Prime Minister on April 5, 1991.
The result in detail:
| Constituency votes | National votes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| agree completely |
% | Electoral kreisbe- tors |
Direct MAN date |
agree completely |
% | Seats | |
| Eligible voters | 4,278,151 | 4,278,151 | |||||
| Voters | 3,028,940 | 70.80 | 3,028,940 | 70.80 | |||
| Valid votes | 2,959,469 | 97.71 | 2,974,872 | 98.21 | |||
| SPD | 1,289,735 | 43.58 | 55 | 31 | 1,214,909 | 40.84 | 46 |
| CDU | 1,246,046 | 42.10 | 55 | 24 | 1,195,965 | 40.20 | 46 |
| GREEN | 212,795 | 7.19 | 55 | 262.161 | 8.81 | 10 | |
| FDP | 185.413 | 6.27 | 55 | 220.115 | 7.40 | 8th | |
| REP | 8,644 | 0.29 | 8th | 49,320 | 1.66 | ||
| The grays | 9,273 | 0.31 | 15th | 16,521 | 0.56 | ||
| ÖDP | 4,652 | 0.16 | 11 | 8,772 | 0.29 | ||
| PBC | 137 | 0.00 | 1 | 7.109 | 0.24 | ||
| Individual applicants | 2,774 | 0.09 | 2 | - | |||
| Total | 2,959,469 | 100 | 257 | 55 | 2,974,872 | 100 | 110 |
Elective test
The election review court declared the election to be valid in a judgment of March 26, 1992 (AZ 104/2 1991). The main focus of objections to the election were voters who claimed collection of signatures against the Iraq war in the immediate vicinity of the polling stations.
Referendums
At the same time as the election, two referendums on changes to the state constitution were held. The first amendment envisaged the inclusion of environmental protection as a national goal in the newly created Article 26a, the second amendment should enable the direct election of mayors and district administrators by adapting Articles 138 and 161. Both changes were approved by a majority of the voters.
| Referendums in Hessen in 1991 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| template | Participation (absolute) | Participation (in%) | “Yes” votes (absolute) | “Yes” votes (in%) | “No” votes (absolute) | “No” votes (in%) | Invalid (absolute) | Invalid (in%) | Result |
| National objective of environmental protection | 3,028,821 | 70.80% | 2,260,733 | 74.64% | 510.699 | 16.86% | 257.389 | 8.50% |
|
| Direct election of mayors / district administrators | 3,028,820 | 70.80% | 2,276,425 | 75.16% | 500,689 | 16.53% | 251,706 | 8.31% |
|
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ State elections in Hesse 1946–2009. Hessian State Statistical Office
- ↑ wiesbadener-tagblatt.de ( Memento from May 5, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://www.lexsoft.de/share/pdf/stanz_hessen_1991_06.pdf State Gazette for the State of Hesse , No. 6/1991, p. 416 ff.
- ↑ StAnz. 28/1992
- ↑ Official information ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the State Returning Officer on all referendums in Hesse (PDF).
