Lanthanum chloride

Crystal structure
__  La 3+      __  Cl -
Crystal system	hexagonal
Space group	P 6 3 / m (No. 176)
Lattice parameters	a = 748 pm c = 436 pm
Coordination numbers	La [9], Cl [3]
General
Surname	Lanthanum chloride
other names	Lanthanum (III) chloride Lanthanum trichloride
Ratio formula	LaCl 3
Brief description	White dust
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 10099-58-8 (anhydrous) 17272-45-6 (hexahydrate) 10025-84-0 (heptahydrate) 20211-76-1 (unspecific hydrate) PubChem 64735 Wikidata Q421212
properties
Molar mass	245.26 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.79 g cm −3 2.23 g cm −3 (heptahydrate)
Melting point	860 ° C
boiling point	1812 ° C
solubility	easily in water (861 g l −1 at 20 ° C, hexahydrate) soluble in strong mineral acids (anhydrous)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 290-318-317-411 P: 273-280-302 + 352-305 + 351 + 338-406-501
Toxicological data	2370 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Lanthanum chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides .

Extraction and presentation

Lanthanum chloride can be obtained by reacting lanthanum oxide with hydrogen chloride .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {La_{2}O_{3}+6\ HCl\longrightarrow 2\ LaCl_{3}+3\ H_{2}O} }$

properties

Lanthanum chloride forms white hexagonal crystals that are hygroscopic . It crystallizes in the space group P 6 ₃ / m (space group no. 176) with the lattice parameters a  = 748  pm , c  = 436 pm and two formula units per unit cell . The heptahydrate crystallizes monoclinically with the lattice parameters a  = 1237 pm, b  = 1068 pm, c  = 923 pm and an angle of 114.3 °. The heptahydrate converts above 90 ° C in the anhydrate in order.

use

Lanthanum chloride is used as a mild Lewis acid for chemical reactions that normally require acidic conditions, such as the conversion of aldehydes to acetals under near neutral conditions. It also serves as a catalyst in fluid catalytic cracking . Heptyhydrate is used in medicine as a calcium channel blocker and is also used in water management to curb algae growth by binding phosphates .

literature

• Xiao He, Zhiyong Zhang, Haifeng Zhang, Yuliang Zhao, Zhifang Chai: Neurotoxicological Evaluation of Long-Term Lanthanum Chloride Exposure in Rats. In: Toxicological Sciences , 2008 , 103  (2), pp. 354-361; doi: 10.1093 / toxsci / kfn046 .

Web links

• Ying Zhang, Kar Song Wong: Lanthanum chloride or lanthanum carboxylate for orthophosphate removal in seawater aquarium - a feasibility study

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} data sheet Lanthanum chloride at Acros, accessed on July 20, 2010.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Jean Dans, Ellen Lax: Pocket book for chemists and physicists , Vols. 1–3: Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals, Vol. III, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , p. 1463 ( limited preview in Google book search); Retrieved July 20, 2010.
3. ↑ Data sheet Lanthanum (III) chloride anhydrous from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 20, 2010 ( PDF ).
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry on lanthanum (III) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
5. ↑ American Elements: Lanthanum chloride, Anhydrous , accessed June 6, 2018.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Data sheet Lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 20, 2010 ( PDF ).
7. ^ Metall Rare Earth Limited: Lanthanum Chloride , accessed January 30, 2017.
8. ↑ Blue Line: Lanthanum chloride solution ( Memento of the original from August 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .