Lanthanum chloride
Crystal structure | ||||||||||
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__ La 3+ __ Cl - | ||||||||||
Crystal system | ||||||||||
Space group |
P 6 3 / m (No. 176) |
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Lattice parameters |
a = 748 pm |
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Coordination numbers |
La [9], Cl [3] |
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General | ||||||||||
Surname | Lanthanum chloride | |||||||||
other names |
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Ratio formula | LaCl 3 | |||||||||
Brief description |
White dust |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||
Molar mass | 245.26 g mol −1 | |||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
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Melting point |
860 ° C |
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boiling point |
1812 ° C |
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solubility |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Lanthanum chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides .
Extraction and presentation
Lanthanum chloride can be obtained by reacting lanthanum oxide with hydrogen chloride .
properties
Lanthanum chloride forms white hexagonal crystals that are hygroscopic . It crystallizes in the space group P 6 3 / m (space group no. 176) with the lattice parameters a = 748 pm , c = 436 pm and two formula units per unit cell . The heptahydrate crystallizes monoclinically with the lattice parameters a = 1237 pm, b = 1068 pm, c = 923 pm and an angle of 114.3 °. The heptahydrate converts above 90 ° C in the anhydrate in order.
use
Lanthanum chloride is used as a mild Lewis acid for chemical reactions that normally require acidic conditions, such as the conversion of aldehydes to acetals under near neutral conditions. It also serves as a catalyst in fluid catalytic cracking . Heptyhydrate is used in medicine as a calcium channel blocker and is also used in water management to curb algae growth by binding phosphates .
literature
- Xiao He, Zhiyong Zhang, Haifeng Zhang, Yuliang Zhao, Zhifang Chai: Neurotoxicological Evaluation of Long-Term Lanthanum Chloride Exposure in Rats. In: Toxicological Sciences , 2008 , 103 (2), pp. 354-361; doi: 10.1093 / toxsci / kfn046 .
Web links
- Ying Zhang, Kar Song Wong: Lanthanum chloride or lanthanum carboxylate for orthophosphate removal in seawater aquarium - a feasibility study
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c data sheet Lanthanum chloride at Acros, accessed on July 20, 2010.
- ↑ a b c Jean Dans, Ellen Lax: Pocket book for chemists and physicists , Vols. 1–3: Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals, Vol. III, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , p. 1463 ( limited preview in Google book search); Retrieved July 20, 2010.
- ↑ Data sheet Lanthanum (III) chloride anhydrous from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 20, 2010 ( PDF ).
- ↑ a b c Entry on lanthanum (III) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ American Elements: Lanthanum chloride, Anhydrous , accessed June 6, 2018.
- ↑ a b Data sheet Lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 20, 2010 ( PDF ).
- ^ Metall Rare Earth Limited: Lanthanum Chloride , accessed January 30, 2017.
- ↑ Blue Line: Lanthanum chloride solution ( Memento of the original from August 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .