Lauensteiner
Lauensteiner is the name given to glasses that were manufactured between 1768 and 1827 in the Osterwald glassworks in Osterwald . These were high-quality drinking glasses that were produced for the Hanoverian court and the Electorate of Hanover .
history
The Osterwalder Glashütte was founded in 1701 by Conrad Werner Wedemeyer in the village of Osterwald on the Osterwald ridge as a white fine glassworks . She made high-quality crystal glass right from the start . The first administrator of the glassworks was Commissarius Schrader, who had made himself familiar with the latest achievements in glass production on a study trip to Holland and England . In 1701 it was the first hard coal-fired fine glass works east of the Rhine. The coal used as fuel was extracted from the Osterwald steelworks tunnel in the same place. In 1768 the Royal Chamber in Hanover patronized the glassworks. The most important production phase in the history of the smelter began, in which the glasses that are now called " Lauensteiner " were created. In 1827 the company was transferred to Franz Hampel. From this time on, fewer high-quality products were manufactured, but more mass-produced goods. From 1840 onwards, only glass for use was produced, especially green bottles . In 1867 Emil Boetticher acquired the glassworks and from 1885 relocated production to Oldendorf , where he had acquired the Reussesche glassworks " In der Sümpelbreite ". Despite being part of Oldendorf, the company was still referred to as the Osterwald glassworks . Production continued there until 1926. In 1897 the hut buildings in Osterwald were demolished except for the manor house built in 1827 .
Up until 1812, an average of 10 to 20 people were employed in the glassworks. After the production changeover to the manufacture of bottles around 1840, up to 65 people were employed at times.
The economic success of the manufactory ensured the collection of import duties on glassware in the Kingdom of Hanover (see: Cameralism ) as well as the cheap fuel available locally. The latter location advantage also favored the establishment of the glassworks in the two neighboring towns of Oldendorf and Hemmendorf. Both companies were established on the local border with Osterwald. In the 18th century, the glassworks belonged to the administrative area of the Lauenstein Office , from which the name " Lauensteiner Glass " is derived.
Various relics are still reminiscent of the glass production that began with " Lauensteiner Glass ". In Osterwald, the so-called “ mansion ” mentioned above, as well as some of the foundations of the original business, have been preserved. The former location of the former Reusseschen Glashütte and later the Osterwald glassworks in Oldendorf, southeast of Osterwald, is marked by the “ Glashütte ” settlement, some of which still consists of the glassworkers' houses, with the street names “ Auf der Glashütte ” and “ Hüttentor ”.
There were other glassworks in the nearer region in Münder (Süntelgrund and Münder), Klein Süntel ( Klein Süntel glassworks ), Steinkrug ( Steinkrug glassworks ), Hemmendorf (Hemmendorfer Dreisch, Hemmendorf Heide district) and Oldendorf (In der Sümpelbreite, Glashütte district) .
In 2010, a glass stele was set up on the former glassworks site as an information board on the history of the glassworks.
production
An advertisement in the "Hanoverian Gazette" of October 24, 1768 names goblets , mugs , jugs , wine and beer glasses, carafes , oil and vinegar glasses, salt barrels , candlesticks, sugar bowls as well as jelly and confectionery attachments in cut , Ground and gold-plated version. Typical for Lauensteiner are air inclusions in the bottom of the cup , in the shaft or node, as well as the bell foot and a blue or gold border on the lip. The trademark of the Lauensteiner was a standing lion engraved in the glass bottom.
An important task of the Lauensteiner Glashütte was the production of rococo cups for the English-Hanoverian court. These were lidded goblets with a bell base, a hollow baluster shaft with facet cut and a nodus with pierced air pockets, which either formed the bottom of a bell-shaped cup or accentuated from the conical cup. The combination of air pockets, facets and gilding increased the aesthetics and brilliance of the valuable glass material. The kuppa was often decorated with sparingly applied shallow low cut. The subjects were coats of arms , portraits of rulers , monograms , hunting and battle scenes .
Simple cups with subjects of daily life ( work , leisure , family celebrations) or landscapes were also made for the urban bourgeoisie .
literature
- Alheidis von Rohr : Lauensteiner Glass. 1701-1827. A contribution to the economic and cultural history of Lower Saxony. Historisches Museum Hannover, Hannover 1991, ISBN 3-910073-00-X .
- Franz Ohlms, Hans-Dieter Kreft: Lauensteiner glass from Osterwald. Uwe Friedleben Collection. Verlag Kurt Götz, Karlsruhe 1995, ISBN 3-931411-01-X .
- Franz Ohlms: The Lauensteiner Hütte in: Magnificent and utility glass from the 18th century from the Welfen factories , Gifhorn, 2010
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The naming of the Osterwald train station, which is also located in the neighboring town of Oldendorf, appears similarly strange. Both places existed as independent municipalities until the territorial reform in 1973.
- ↑ Glass steles now belong to the Salzhemmendorfern in: Dewezet from January 25, 2018