Leiberg (Bad Wünnenberg)

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Leiberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 8 ″  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 18 ″  E
Height : 328 m
Area : 16.02 km²
Residents : 1535  (Dec. 31, 2012)
Population density : 96 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Area code : 02953
map
Location of Leiberg in Bad Wünnenberg

Leiberg is part of the newly formed town of Bad Wünnenberg in the Paderborn district in North Rhine-Westphalia . Today the district has 1535 inhabitants and an area of ​​16.02 km².

The former cluster village is located on the southwestern edge of the Sintfeld . The original village center with church is located high above the Aftetal , parallel to the neighboring towns of Bad Wünnenberg and Fürstenberg , on the edge of the Paderborn plateau . A second, older district is located below, at the confluence of the Empertal in the Aftetal.

history

The history of settlement in the Leiberg area goes back far beyond the time of today's village. The village of Andepen was mentioned as early as the 9th century, and its church can still be seen in relics today (about one kilometer southeast of today's church on the left bank of the Afte, about 25 m above the valley level). This medieval church settlement Andepen already had a mill at the mouth of the Empertalbach in the Afte . While at the end of the Middle Ages the church site fell into desolation , the Andeper mill site was repopulated and became part of the modern village of Leiberg (called “the break” in contrast to “the village” on the mountain). The memory of the medieval settlement is still alive today. One still speaks of the old Andeper mill as well as of the Andeper church (Henkel 1974, p. 188f.). The place name Andepen lives on in the name Empertal (= Andeper Tal), the Empertalbach is called “Olweke” (= Olde Beke, Alter Bach), or simply “die Beke” (= the brook).

The castle complex in the Leiberg Forest , on a mountain spur 1,900 m south of Leiberg, is also said to date from the early Middle Ages .

The actual core of today's village did not emerge until 1490, when the Lords of Westphalia cultivated and settled on the right edge of the Aftetal, 60 m above the Leyberch stream bed . After Fürstenberg in 1449, this is the second targeted new settlement of this local noble family at the end of the Middle Ages. In terms of the church, Leiberg was assigned to the parish of Wünnenberg, which it remained until the parish in 1921.

The slope between the two districts has been increasingly built on with houses in recent decades, so that the two poles of Leiberg's origins from the Middle Ages and early modern times have experienced a connection. After the Second World War, the place expanded to include the left bank of the Afte through further new housing estates (so-called “Försterbergsiedlung” and the weekend house settlement on the Nollen ).

The re-establishment soon experienced an unusual population increase. When the plague raged in Leiberg in 1635 , the place was already so large that - according to tradition - it could lose 400 people to the plague. The event of the plague at that time, for which there are no verifiable parallels in the rest of the district, left a strong historical memory in Leiberg and the neighboring towns. The so-called plague cemetery with its plague cross is now the cultural and historical attraction of Leiberg. This place, which is about 2.3 km south of the current church, was chosen for the burial of the plague dead because the responsible churchyard in Wünnenberg could not accommodate the masses of bodies. The sandstone cross with a contemporary inscription tells of the terrible year 1635 to this day. To commemorate these dead, a procession leads from Leiberg to the plague cemetery once a year at Whitsun. (Henkel 1974, p. 189f.) According to tradition, St. Bartholomew's day of remembrance (August 24) was the day on which the plague was over, so that this day in Leiberg was and in some cases still is a public holiday. There was no work in the village, relatives came to visit Leiberg and there was also a kind of fair.

The choice of this burial site was by no means random: When looking for a suitable burial site in Leiberg in 1635, one remembered the Vornholz chapel, which had been in ruins for years and some remains of which were still preserved. This place was the site of the medieval settlement Fornholte , which had fallen into desolation for good at the end of the Middle Ages. It thus became a modern plague cemetery, also in the consciousness of the population. The memory of the burial of the plague dead in 1635 has pushed back the idea of ​​the older settlement. (Henkel 1974, p. 190).

Incorporation

On January 1, 1975, Leiberg was incorporated into the city of Wünnenberg. Previously, the place belonged to the Wünnenberg office in the Büren district .

Population development

  • 1961: 1040 inhabitants
  • 1970: 1166 inhabitants
  • 1974: 1211 inhabitants
  • 1985: 1295 inhabitants
  • 2012: 1535 inhabitants

Of the current 1535 inhabitants, 758 are female and 777 male.

Say

The Leiberger are popularly called Turks and Leiberg as Turkey . This self-confidently cultivated name, due to which one also has a crescent moon in the coat of arms, goes back to a legend. The legend apparently found its nourishment at the end of the 14th century, when a knight Turk von Andepen and his people destroyed the Hallingsen monastery on the Nette during a local uprising. Which were quickly in the parlance of the men to knight Turk Turks or Turks . Later the legendary Hallingsen monastery grew into a vicious place for unpious monks. The Turkish wars did the rest by exaggerating the alleged incidents. In any case, it is said today, the Leibergers “attacked like the Turks” and drove the monks away, while the inhabitants of the neighboring towns were more characterized by cowardice. Corresponding mock names they still have today: The Wünnenbergers have climbed the trees like the cockchafer and are therefore called "Maikawels" - cockchafer (it is no coincidence that a cockchafer adorns the new city logo of Bad Wünnenberg), while the Hegensdorfers are scared into the Would have beaten bushes, therefore they are called the "sloe shiters" ...

Plague cross

Plague cross on the plague cemetery near Leiberg

Pestkreuze are a special type of stone crosses and the victims of the great medieval and modern were commemorating plague - epidemics built. In southern Germany, the plague column often took the place of the cross. An example of a well-preserved stone plague cross can be found at the plague cemetery in the Bürener Staatsforst near Leiberg. The fragmentary inscription (missing or questionable letters in brackets) reads:

“ANNO 1635 THE 25th [AV] GVST HAS VNS GOT THE PESTILENS GESANT. HOW MANY HAS BEKANT SINT FROM THE VILLAGE OF LEBERG 400 PEOPLE DIED TO GOT THE SELIKIT [RBEN]. "

literature

  • Bernard Jürgens: Fornholte and his plague cemetery. Paderborn undated [1935]
  • Bernard Jürgens: The legend of the purgatory of the Westphalian nobility. Paderborn undated [1936]
  • Gerhard Henkel: History and geography of the Büren district. Paderborn 1974
  • Pickardt, Karl: 500 years of Leiberg. A village introduces itself. Leiberg 1990
  • City of Wünnenberg (Hrsg.): Home book of the city of Wünnenberg. Wünnenberg 1987

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 321 .