Fürstenberg (Westphalia)
|
Furstenberg
City of Bad Wünnenberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 4 " N , 8 ° 44 ′ 30" E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 337 m |
| Area : | 59 km² |
| Residents : | 2592 (Dec. 31, 2012) |
| Population density : | 44 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Postal code : | 33181 |
| Area code : | 02953 |
 Location of Fürstenberg in Bad Wünnenberg
|
|
Fürstenberg (Westphalia) is a district of Bad Wünnenberg in the North Rhine-Westphalian district of Paderborn . In 2012 the place had 2592 inhabitants.
The Aabach dam , which supplies drinking water for the region, is located near the village . The lake and the surrounding forests are a popular destination.
The festivities of around two dozen local associations, such as the fair around the church organized by the trade and tourist association on the second weekend in October and the Carnival Monday procession of the Fürstenberger Carnevals Club (FCC), as well as the annual shooting festival of the Sankt Meinolfus Schützenbruderschaft Fürstenberg, belong the highlights of village life and attract many visitors.
The school center with secondary and secondary schools is visited by students from all over the city and the surrounding area.
geography
Fürstenberg belongs to the Sintfeld , the southern part of the Paderborn plateau in the Westphalian Bay. Within the village boundary, the Westphalian Bay, which rises to the south-east, borders on the Southern Mountains. Large areas of arable land define the landscape in the northern area. The clay soils are weathered from the limestone formations of the Upper Cretaceous and partially covered with deep ice-age loess. Dry valleys with wide, flat hollows of origin characterize the relief.
The mountain ridges lined with forest in the south of the district belong to the north Sauerland Alme-Bergland. The weathered soils from the greywacke and the clay slate of the Upper Carboniferous are often damp. The deeply cut valleys of the Karpke and Aa with their wet meadows drain the forest area to the northwest over the Afte to the Alme and Lippe.
Neighboring places
In the southwest, starting clockwise, Fürstenberg is bordered by the Wünnenberg districts of Bleiwash , Bad Wünnenberg , Haaren , Helmern and Elisenhof . This is followed by the districts of Meerhof , Oesdorf , Essentho and Niedermarsberg of the city of Marsberg in the Hochsauerlandkreis .
history
The village and district of Fürstenberg have belonged to the Paderborn Monastery for 350 years since it was founded. Under Prussian administration, the municipality was assigned to the Büren district in the 19th century. Within this district, the municipality of Fürstenberg was the largest municipality in terms of area and initially also in terms of population and always the central location of the Sintfeld. Today Fürstenberg is part of the town of Bad Wünnenberg, which is located in the southeastern area of the Paderborn district.
In the Middle Ages there were three church villages Vesperthe , Eilern and Dorsloh with Zinsdorf, Bergheim, Osteilern and Beffede on the Sintfeld, which belongs to the Paderborn monastery.
In 1325, Bishop Bernhard V of Paderborn built the Vorstenburg near Vesperthe . Soon afterwards, all villages are destroyed in a warlike feud between the bishop and the knights.
In 1379 the Lords of Westphalia received jurisdiction in the Wünnenberg office from the Prince-Bishop.
In 1449 the "Freedom Fürstenberg" was founded by the Lords of Westphalia under the protection of the castle . The Counts of Westphalen have their residence here to this day.
Between 1601 and 1702 around 50 witch trials took place, most of which ended up at the stake for the accused . Since the court lords still carried out twelve proceedings at a rather late stage, the Fürstenbergers were given the nickname “witch burners”.
On August 19, 1727, a fire destroyed the entire village. Then the place has its prime. Magnificent half-timbered farmhouses and representative stone buildings are rebuilt, including the Count's Court (1736), the Catholic Church (1751–58), the manor (1776) and the castle (1776–83), the latter by Simon Louis du Ry .
Later other public buildings such as the Round School (1828), the Evangelical Prayer House (1854), the Post Office (1885), the Hospital (1885), the Office Building (1886), the Red School (1891), the Royal District Court (1893) ), the Catholic rectory (1894) and the Vicarie (1903).
From 1800 to 1903, glass masters operated a glassworks in the Waldtal der Aa. They make white glass and bottles.
In 1802 the Paderborn bishopric lost its state independence when it was occupied by Prussia , but fell back to the Kingdom of Westphalia for a few years in 1807 and to Prussia in 1813 after the Napoleonic defeat.
Fürstenberg is incorporated into the Province of Westphalia , which was founded in 1815, and by decree of the royal government in Minden it comes to the Büren district, which was founded in 1816 . When the districts are divided into offices , Fürstenberg comes to the Wünnenberg office, although the majority of its administration is located in Fürstenberg.
In March 1848 the castle and its archive were the scene of the most violent revolutionary unrest in the Paderborn region. Because of a dispute with the Count of Westphalen, the Count's archive is on fire and the castle is devastated. Thereupon 175 Prussian soldiers occupy the village. 116 Fürstenbergers have to answer to the judges. 37 defendants are convicted of theft and 46 of other crimes, 33 acquitted.
Incorporation
The community of Fürstenberg was incorporated into the city of Wünnenberg on January 1, 1975. Since then, the town has been the seat of the city administration. Previously it belonged to the Wünnenberg office in the Büren district .
Attractions
Castle and manor
The castle of the family v. Westphalen was built in 1783 by the architect du Ry on the foundation walls of an extensive castle complex. It served the Prince-Bishop Wilhelm v. Westphalen as a hunting lodge. The castle is still the ancestral home and residence of this noble family today. The associated manor was built between 1776 and 1783 as a commercial enterprise for the extensive estates of the noble family.
Catholic parish church St. Marien
From 1750 to 1758 the tower and nave were built by the citizens as well as the choir as a separate church of the von Westphalen family. Thus, 300 years after the village was founded, the medieval church of the desert of Vesperthe in the valley and the chapel of the noble family in the castle could be given up. The baroque furnishings with three altars, choir screen, pulpit and organ gallery were made by the sculptor Joseph Stratmann on behalf of Friedrich Wilhelm von Westphalen, Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim.
Old dish
From the early Middle Ages to the first half of the 20th century, there was an independent court in Fürstenberg. In 1736 the Lords of Westphalen built their courthouse on the border between the castle grounds and the village. The judge of this patrimonial court can decide on civil and criminal cases. Death sentences were carried out at the place of execution on the Eilerberg. There are still seven cells in the basement of the building. On the upper floor there is a permanent exhibition entitled "Power and Order, Law and Justice - Medieval and Modern Jurisdiction in the Paderborn Region".
Civil correction stake - the pillory
In the Middle Ages and the early modern period, in addition to fines and physical punishment, there were also so-called honorary sentences. The convict was publicly exposed in order to make his misconduct clear to him. The best known of these honor punishments is the pillory. The pillory, which was recreated on a historical site (the original was removed during the Napoleonic rule) is referred to in the sources as a stake. However, the convicts were not mocked or mistreated.
Court well
The court well supplied the village center with drinking water. In Fürstenberg there were a total of five such water basins, called "Kump" . Wooden water pipes conducted the water from a distance of 2 km into the basin made of oak planks or sandstone. The fair allocation of the amount of water was regulated by a "trained water conductor".
'Round' School and 'Red' School
The core of the 'Rappelkiste' kindergarten is a classicist round building that was built in 1828 as a girls' school and was provided with underfloor heating. In this building, the girls should be taught by their teacher - "now separated from the daily human activity under one roof with the cattle". The boys' school was built in brick in 1891 as a "red" school on the site of the old village school. Today the building is used as a meeting place.
Bridge of the Dead
For five centuries, the funeral procession from Fürstenberg to the churchyard of the lost village of Vesperthe went over the “Bridge of the Dead”. The original wooden bridge was built as a triple arch bridge in stone in 1830 and restored in 2007.
Sheepfold
The sheepfold of the estate on the Wasserplatz, built around 1780, was restored by the Fürstenberger Carnevals Club and is now used as a meeting place. In the 18th century, people condemned as witches were burned at the stake here.
Incorporations
Before January 1, 1975, the then municipality of Fürstenberg (Westphalia) was the seat of the administrative office for the surrounding areas of the Wünnenberg office in the Büren district. When the Sauerland / Paderborn Act came into force on that day, the four municipalities of Bleiwinen, Fürstenberg, Leiberg and Wünnenberg of the Wünnenberg office were merged with the three municipalities of Elisenhof, Haaren and Helmern of the Atteln office to form the new town of Wünnenberg and came with this to the Paderborn district. The legal successor to the Wünnenberg office and the community of Fürstenberg was the new town of Wünnenberg, which today bears the name Bad Wünnenberg.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Franz Ferdinand Schweins (1780–1856), mathematician and university professor
- Friedrich Wilhelm Schmidt (1833–1907), religious priest
- Walther Stennes (1895–1989), right-wing politician and SA leader
literature
- G. Henkel : The desertions of the Sintfeld , Paderborn 1973.
- J. Hildenhagen: Medical history of the city of Wünnenberg , Paderborn 1992
- F. Huismann: The old court in Fürstenberg , Fürstenberg 2011
- Church council St. Marien (publisher): 800 years of consecration Vesperthe-Fürstenberg , Bad Wünnenberg - Fürstenberg 2017
- W. Melzer: The early medieval burial ground of Wünnenberg-Fürstenberg , Aschendorff Münster 1991
- B. Nolte, E. Nübold: The parish church of Sankt Marien zu Fürstenberg , Paderborn 2008. ISBN 978-3-00-024058-4
- B. Nolte, N. Nolte: From Adelsdorf to the community, Fürstenberg 1800–1918 , Paderborn 1996. ISBN 3-9805409-0-1
- B. Nolte: Chronicle of the Commune Fürstenberg 1800-1919 , Paderborn 1984. ISBN 3-87088-418-5
- B. Nolte: Chronicle of the community of Fürstenberg 1920–1974 , Bad Wünnenberg - Fürstenberg 2015.
- H. Rüthing: History of the parish Fürstenberg , Paderborn 1955. Festschrift on the occasion of the 300th parish anniversary
- City of Wünnenberg (Hrsg.): Heimatbuch der Stadt Wünnenberg , Wünnenberg 1987
Web links
- Fürstenberg (on bad-wuennenberg.de)
- A tour through Fürstenberg (private side)
- Fürstenberg (Westphalia) in the Westphalia Culture Atlas
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 321 .
- ^ Old Patrimonial Court of Fürstenberg.Retrieved June 14, 2012.
Lead wash | Elisenhof | Fürstenberg | Hair | Helmets | Leiberg | Bad Wünnenberg