Desenberg

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Desenberg
Desenberg Castle, west view

Desenberg Castle , west view

height 343.6  m above sea level NHN
location near Daseburg ; District of Höxter , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany )
Coordinates 51 ° 30 '2 "  N , 9 ° 11' 54"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 30 '2 "  N , 9 ° 11' 54"  E
Desenberg (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Desenberg
Type free-standing extinct volcano
rock basalt
particularities Desenberg castle ruins with keep ( AT )
View from the east-northeast of the Desenberg

The Desenberg near Daseburg in the North Rhine-Westphalian district of Höxter is 343.6  m above sea level. NHN the most striking elevation of Warburger flange , a relatively flat, fertile flange landscape.

The mountain is a basalt dome crowned by the Desenberg castle ruins and a testament to recent geological history, volcanism , but also to medieval feudalism and warfare. The Desenberg got its current shape through weathering.

geography

location

The Desenberg rises in East Westphalia around 3.5 km east-northeast of the Warburg city ​​center, 8 km south-south-west of the city of Borgentreich , 12 km west of the city of Hofgeismar and 2 km south-west of the rural Warburg district of Daseburg . About 1.7 km south of the Diemel runs in a west-east direction past the mountain, 2.3 km east in a north-south direction its tributary Eggel .

topography

The Desenberg is a cone-shaped island mountain that can be seen from afar, the summit of which rises in the rather flat Warburger Börde around 190 m above the south-flowing Diemel and around 100 to 150 m above its surroundings. It is evidence of the Tertiary East Westphalian basalt volcanism, a basalt dike protected the rocks in its immediate vicinity from erosion.

Natural allocation

The Desenberg forms the singularity Desenberg (360.00) in the natural spatial main unit group Upper Weserbergland (No. 36), in the main unit Warburger Börde (360) and in the subunit Große Börde (360.0).

Protected areas

Swallowtail in the fauna-flora-habitat area Desenberg

The Desenberg nature reserve is located on the Desenberg ( CDDA no. 81519; designated 1983; 30  hectares in size). In addition, there are parts of the landscape protection area Südlicher Kreis Höxter (CDDA no. 324936; 1982; 229.34  km² ). On the summit region of the mountain is in the range above the 300-m contour the fauna Habitats -region Desenberg (FFH No. 4421-303;. 3 ha).

History and legend

The Desenberg is considered a possible location for the Irminsul (here as an illustration after the relief of the Descent from the
Cross on the external stones ).

Surface finds show that people lived in the area surrounding the Desenberg from an early age. In 1995 the Daseburger Kreisgraben was discovered while working on a gas pipeline . The facility is oriented towards the Desenberg, which, viewed from the middle of the moat, shows the setting position of the sun at the summer solstice in the fifth millennium BC. The mountain was probably later a Germanic place of worship. The Desenberg is discussed as a possible location for the Irminsul , an early medieval Saxon-Germanic sanctuary. Another possible location, the Eresburg near Marsberg , is only 30 kilometers away.

In connection with the Desenberg, the legend of the mirror knight is often mentioned, in which a brave Saxon can frighten and kill a dragon living on the mountain through the reflection in his shield. The name of the noble family von Spiegel (zum Desenberg) (e.g. Witukind von Spiegel zum Desenberg or Heinrich von Spiegel zum Desenberg ), whose coat of arms shows three mirrors as a reference to the heroic deed, is likely to go back to this.

But according to legend, Charlemagne also slumbers in the Desenberg Mountains. Throughout the Middle Ages, enchanted Messiah emperors such as Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa, his grandson Friedrich II, Charlemagne, Friedrich the "Freidige", as well as others with the name Friedrich = Prince of Peace , including the princes of light Sigfrid and Widukind (Wittekind), played the legend after a role. And so in this sense also Charlemagne, who sleeps enchanted in the Desenberg, should become the expected emperor again. And of the myth of Emperor Charlemagne, the following legend is told about the Desenberg:

The emperor sits deep in the Desenberg with his knights and rests from his victories. His long beard grew through the table. He often asks the dwarfs gathered around him for the year. When the time comes, he will go out of the mountain with his generals to restore the great empire and to usher in a golden age of peace and happiness. Shepherds who tended their cattle on the Desenberg often went to see the emperor. They opened the mountain with a spring root. Sometimes they played their most beautiful songs to him and received plenty of gifts. A baker from Warburg once brought the emperor a basket full of white bread and received rich wages for it. (see also: Mountain Rapture )

The Desenberg with the Desenberg Castle came into the possession of the von Spiegel family around 1250 . In the 14th century the family split into the lines Spiegel zum Desenberg and Spiegel zu Peckelsheim. In the middle of the 16th century the Spiegel left the Desenberg and moved into knight seats nearby, namely in Buhne , Rothenburg , Klingenburg , Übelgönne and Dalheim . The mountain and the castle ruins of Desenberg are still owned by the Counts of Spiegel zum Desenberg.

The castle on the Desenberg had a strategically advantageous location, as the paths around the castle were visible from there.

Possibility of viewing

View from Desenberg northeast to the Warburger Börde with the village of Daseburg , to Deiselberg (left of the wind farm ) and Weserbergland (on the horizon)

From the Desenberg and especially from the tower of the freely accessible Desenberg castle ruins, the view falls on the Warburger Börde and in the distance to the Weserbergland , including the Reinhardswald , the Habichtswälder Bergland near Kassel , the Rothaargebirge and the Eggegebirge .

Transport links

State road  838 from Warburg to Daseburg runs north of Desenberg in a south-west-north-east direction . Above the Rothehaus estate on this road to the north-west of the mountain, there is a parking lot with information boards on the mountain and the castle ruins on the northern slope , from which a roughly spiral-shaped path of around 800 m in length leads up to the summit with the ruins. The Gut Rothehaus stop is served by buses on line 535 of the Paderborn-Höxter public transport network .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information )
  2. Martin Bürgener: Sheet 111, Arolsen , from the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , Geographical Landesaufnahme , Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Bad Godesberg, 1963 (see above right; PDF; 4.1 MB)
  3. Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  4. Length using the measure distance function on Google Maps ( satellite image)

literature

Web links

Commons : Desenberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files