Spiegel (Westphalian noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Spiegel

The barons and counts von Spiegel are an East Westphalian nobility from the Principality of Paderborn . In 1338 they split into two lines, the Spiegel zum Desenberg and the Spiegel zu Peckelsheim .

They are not related to the Spiegel (Saxon noble family) .

history

The Desenberg near Warburg with the Desenberg castle ruins

The family probably provided Witukind , previously provost of the Gröningen monastery , from 1189 to 1205, an abbot of Corvey . He built the first Lichtenfels Castle in 1189 . With Hermannus Spechel , first documented in 1224, the name appears and the family line begins . The original seat was the Daseburg on the Desenberg (or this mountain) near Warburg in Westphalia , a striking volcanic cone, which is proven in the possession of the mirror from 1256 and belongs to them until today.

In 1338 the family split into two lines, the Spiegel zum Desenberg , which became hereditary taverns of the Principality of Paderborn , and the Spiegel zu Peckelsheim , who acquired Peckelsheim Castle in 1378 and became Paderborn Hereditary Marshals in 1408.

The Spiegel zum Desenberg (more rarely: this mountain) provided Heinrich 1361-1380, a prince-bishop of Paderborn , who was also prince-abbot of Corvey. They left Desenberg around the middle of the 16th century and moved into knight seats on the nearby plain, e.g. B. Bühne , Ober- and Nieder- Klingenburg, Rothenburg and Übelngönne , according to which their branches were also distinguished. Dalheim also came to the family in the first half of the 17th century. These properties were all sold in the first half of the 20th century. In 1450, a share in Canstein Castle was acquired, but it was lost again in the 16th century. The Klingenburg branch went to Austria and in 1836 acquired the Wischenau dominion in Moravia, which was owned by the Counts of Spiegel zum habenberg-Hanxleden until it was expropriated in 1945 .

The Spiegel zu Peckelsheim (more rarely: Pickelsheim) succeeded in acquiring extensive possessions in Helmern , as well as in Lichtenau and Kleinenberg , starting from Schloss Schweckhausen and Peckelsheim, where rights were acquired in the 14th century . During this time, properties in the County of Ravensberg were also inherited from the Thodrank family. Two out of three branches of the Peckelsheim line became Protestant. At the end of the 16th century, the goods were divided, with the lines to Borlinghausen , to Helmern with Peckelsheim and to Schweckhausen with Bielefeld. The line is still located in Helmern , Groß-Engershausen and Schloss Rheder today .

Both lines used the title of baron in the 18th century. From the Desenberg line (House Canstein), the brothers Ferdinand August (1764-1835), Archbishop of Cologne, and Caspar Philipp (1776-1837), Austrian envoy, received the Prussian count in 1816. In 1847 the Prussian recognition of the barons' status for the houses Bühne, Übelngönne and Rothenburg took place.

Possessions

coat of arms

Coat of arms on the Altena manor

The family coat of arms shows three (2: 1) round gold-framed silver mirrors in red. On the crowned helmet with red and silver covers there is an open red flight, covered on both sides with the three mirrors. The slogan is: "With God and with honor".

Heraldic saga

In connection with the Desenberg, the legend is often brought about the mirror knight, in which a brave Saxon can frighten and kill a dragon living on the mountain through the reflection in his shield. The name of the noble family "von Spiegel (zum Desenberg)" (e.g. Witukind von Spiegel zum Desenberg or Heinrich III. Von Spiegel zum Desenberg), whose coat of arms shows three mirrors in reference to the heroic deed, is said to go back to this.

Important namesake (chronological)

Line Spiegel zum Desenberg

Grave slab of Heinrich von Spiegel zum Desenberg († 1380), Prince-Bishop of Paderborn and Prince-Abbot of Corvey, in Paderborn Cathedral

Line to Peckelsheim

Abbots of Corvey

  • Witukind von Spiegel zum Desenberg (1189–1205)
  • Heinrich IV. Von Spiegel zum Desenberg (1359-1360), then as Heinrich III. Prince-Bishop of Paderborn
  • Philipp von Spiegel zum Desenberg (1758–1776)

Prince-Bishop of Paderborn

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Spiegel family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Harz-Zeitschrift 2008. Volume 60
  2. ↑ Hans-Werner Peine, Cornelia Kneppe: The Desenberg near Warburg, Höxter district
  3. ↑ Herrenhaus Werna on alleburgen.de
  4. ↑ Friedrich Küch:  Spiegel zum Desenberge, Konrad . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 35, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, p. 158 f.
    Karl E. Demandt: The personal state of the Landgraviate of Hesse in the Middle Ages. Marburg 1981, p. 832 f.
  5. ^ Heinrich Pröhle:  Spiegel zum Desenberge, Karl Ludwig von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 35, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, p. 158.