Leonaert Bramer

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Leonard Bramer , copperplate engraving after a self-portrait
The Adoration of the Magi , approx. 1633–35
The Circumcision of Christ , approx. 1640–50, Warsaw National Museum in Warsaw
The curious . Pen drawing. Collection Kunstakademie Düsseldorf

Leonaert Bramer (* December 24, 1596 in Delft ; † February 10, 1674 ibid) was a Dutch painter of genre pictures , religious and mythological scenes and history pictures . As a painter and draftsman, he is particularly valued for night scenes that show a preference for exotic details in the costumes and dramatic productions. Bramer is considered to be one of the most fascinating figures in Dutch art in the 17th century.

Life

Bramer was born in Delft . At the age of 18 he embarked on a long journey in 1614 and reached Rome in 1616 via Atrecht , Amiens , Paris , Aix-en-Provence , Marseille , Genoa and Livorno .

In Rome he was one of the founders of the “Bentvueghels”, an artist group from the north. He lived with Wouter Crabeth under one roof and dedicated a poem to the painter Wybrand de Geest. Bramer lived intermittently in Rome until 1627, visiting Mantua and Venice and to meet Domenico Fetti . In Italy he was nicknamed "Leonardo della Notte" (English: Leonardo in the night). His stay in Rome ended in October 1627 after he was involved in a tavern dispute with stabbing that Claude Lorrain tried to mediate. The now threatening conflict with the judiciary caused Bramer to leave Rome.

After 1628 he was back in Delft, where in 1629 he joined the Guild of Luke and the Rifle Society. Among his many patrons were members of the House of Orange , but local mayors and judges also bought many of his paintings. In 1648 Bramer traveled to Rome for the second time.

Bramer wasn't married.

plant

He was a versatile artist, creating tapestries for Delft weaving mills, painted walls and ceilings, some in the illusionistic style . He painted real frescoes in the vigilante house, in governor's palaces near Honselersdijk, Rijswijk and in the Prinsenhof in Delft . Bramer remained extraordinarily productive until his death in 1674. Research now assumes around 350 paintings.

He may have known about his great contemporary in Delft, but his Roman experiences with the baroque history paintings, the dramatic staging and the chiaroscuro painting that followed Caravaggio were of lasting influence. He was influenced by Adam Elsheimer , a master of moody and dramatic post-scenes, the fresco painter Agostino Tassi and the Caravaggists . His style is nervous. He had developed a technique of painting light reflections.

Bramer is also known as a draftsman: his works on paper comprise 1,300 sheets, around 200 of which are in the Pinakothek der Moderne in Munich. His famous “Album Bramer”, which was created between 1642 and 1654 and is now kept in Leiden , contains many sketches after paintings from Delft collections.

literature

  • Oskar Eisenmann:  Bramer, Leonhard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 234.
  • Catalog for the exhibition "Beggars, Thieves, Underworld - Leonaert Bramer (1596–1674) illustrates Spanish novels, with the illustrations and romantic texts as well as essays by Achim Riether and Hans Paschen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, 288 pages, 197 mostly color images, ISBN 978-3 -422-07221-3 , 2013.
  • Leonaert Bramer and Jane ten Brink Goldsmith: Leonaert Bramer: 1596–1674; ingenious painter and draftsman in Rome and Delft; [monograph bij de tentoonstelling gehouden te Delft, from 9 september - 13 november 1994] . Waanders, Zwolle 1994, ISBN 90-400-9704-6
  • Walter Liedtke: Dutch paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 2007, ISBN 978-1-58839-273-2 , pp. 87-89.
  • Walter A. Liedtke, Michiel Plomp, Axel Rüger, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, NY) and National Gallery (Great Britain): Vermeer and the Delft school . Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 2001, ISBN 0-87099-973-7
  • Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam): Dutch paintings of the seventeenth century in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam: Vol. 1. (Dutch paintings of the seventeenth century in the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.) Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 2007, ISBN 978-90-8689-027-9
  • Johannes Vermeer, Frederik J. Duparc, Arthur K. Wheelock, Mauritshuis (Hague, Netherlands) and National Gallery of Art (US): Johannes Vermeer . National Gallery of Art, Washington 1995, ISBN 0-300-06558-2
  • Susanne Wagini: The history of Rome: Leonaert Bramer's illustrations to Livius' "Ab urbe condita" . Berlin: Dt. Kunstverlag, 2013 ISBN 9783422072220

Web links

Commons : Leonaert Bramer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christa Sigg: Nice and daring surprise. Beggars, thieves, the underworld: Leonaert Bramer's famous illustrations in the Pinakothek der Moderne. Munich evening newspaper
  2. ↑ Christa Sigg In. Munich evening newspaper
  3. ↑ http://www.buchhandel.de/detailansicht.aspx?isbn=9783422072213
personal data
SURNAME Bramer, Leonaert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bramer, Leonard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch painter
DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1596
PLACE OF BIRTH Delft
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1674
Place of death Delft