Niechorze lighthouse
| Niechorze lighthouse | ||
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| Place: |
 Poland , Niechorze
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| Location: | on a cliff | |
| Geographical location: | 54 ° 5 '40.8 " N , 15 ° 3' 50.1" E | |
| Height of tower base: | 22 m npm | |
| Fire carrier height : | 45 m | |
| Fire height : | 62.8 m | |
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| Identifier : | Fl.W.10s | |
| Scope knows: | 20 nm (37 km ) | |
| Operating mode: | electric | |
| Function: | Coastal fire | |
| Construction time: | 1863-1866/1948 | |
| Operating time: | December 1, 1866 to 1945 and since December 18, 1948 | |
| International ordinal number: | C 2904 | |
The lighthouse Niechorze (also Horst lighthouse , Polish latarnia morska Niechorze ) is the landmark of the Polish seaside resort Niechorze ( Horst-Seebad ) on the Treptow coast . Standing on a coastal cliff, ships can see him from a distance of 20 nautical miles. It is located between the Kikut lighthouse in the west and the Kołobrzeg lighthouse in the east.
description
The lighthouse is a square up to 19 m high, octagonal brick tower above it with a gallery 36 m high and a white lantern with a metallic dome. While the 45 m high tower is clinkered in red in the lower part , the outer walls of the middle part are lightly plastered, but the eight edges are worked out as red pilaster strips . Inside the tower, a spiral staircase leads to the gallery. The exit is on the landside.
The tower rises from the middle of a two-story, basement, red bricked lighthouse keeper's house. Its entrance is in the north facade and is reached via a short flight of stairs. The door is crowned by a glazed arch and flanked by two large arched windows. Above is an open terrace with a balustrade . The door and all the window frames and bars are painted green like the shutters.
In the courtyard on the south side of the lighthouse, surrounded by a red brick wall, is a barn and a warehouse. A previously existing stable was demolished at the end of the 1990s.
history
Around the middle of the 19th century, shipping traffic with the port of Swinoujscie increased. After the construction of the Swinoujscie lighthouse in 1857, a large part of the Pomeranian coast to the east remained unlit, as the next lighthouse was in Jershöft , 160 km away . Also about the dangers of the Pomeranian Bay lying Oderbank to meet, a lighthouse was not enough alone. A government commission came to the conclusion in 1863 that another lighthouse should be built in Hoff (today Trzęsacz ) or Horst. On May 15th, the preparation of a detailed construction plan was commissioned. When looking for the most suitable location, the choice fell on the steep bank near Groß-Horst. Since the demolition coast lost around 30 cm to the sea every year at this point, the tower was built 60 m inland. In addition to the area for the lighthouse and its outbuildings, 11 acres of farmland were purchased to supply the lighthouse keepers and their families. On December 1, 1866, the lighthouse was put into operation. He owned a beacon made by Ludwig Alexander Veitmeyer in Berlin with first-order Fresnel optics , which showed white flashes for 10 seconds and then remained dark for 10 seconds. An oil lamp was used as the light source and consumed 1943 kg of rapeseed oil annually . Three lighthouse keepers shared the duty.
In 1945 the lantern and its optics were destroyed by artillery fire. Eight explosive charges attached to the lighthouse were not detonated by the withdrawing German troops and were defused after the end of the war. In 1948 the lighthouse was restored according to old documents. He got optics imported from Sweden and an electric light bulb as a light source. On December 18, 1948, the lighthouse resumed operations.
An extensive renovation of the lighthouse began in the spring of 1999. Today the fire is generated by a 1000 W incandescent lamp. Every 10 seconds a white flash of light is emitted, which has a range of 20 nautical miles. The cliff is protected from erosion by groynes and a concrete wall.
tourism
The lighthouse is open to visitors all year round. A spiral staircase leads over 200 steps to the gallery, where there is a wide view. Further tourist facilities have been built at the foot of the tower: a wax museum with an adjoining café, a butterfly zoo ( Motylarnia ) and a miniature park showing models of all Polish lighthouses on a 1:10 scale, including those on Svalbard and in the Antarctic .
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : The lighthouse at Groß-Horst . In: Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen: containing a description of the conditions of these countries in the second half of the 19th century . Part 2: Land book of the Duchy of Stettin, of Kamin and Western Pomerania; or the administrative district of the Königl. Government of Stettin , Volume 6: Kreise Kamin and Greifenberg , Dietze, Anklam 1870, pp. 1133–1135.
- Małgorzata Rajchowiak: Latarnia Morska Niechorze . Wydawnictwo ZET, Wrocław 2001 (Polish, German, English). ISBN 83-88759-39-6
Web links
- Information about the lighthouse on the website of the municipality of Rewal (Polish)
- Information about the lighthouse on a private website about the Rewal coast (Polish)