Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga

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Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga
Association of Peasants and Greens of Lithuania
Ramūnas Karbauskis.jpg
Party leader Ramūnas Karbauskis
founding December 2001
Headquarters Vilnius
Alignment Green politics , agricultural politics , centrism
Colours) green
Parliament seats
54/141
( Seimas , 2016 )
Number of members 2800 (2010)
MEPs
2/11
( 2019 )
EP Group Greens / EFA
Website www.lvzs.lt

The Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga ( LVŽS , German about Lithuanian Bauernvolksbund , literally: Union of the Peasants and Greens of Lithuania ) is a peasant Lithuanian party . It has existed (again) since 2005 as the successor to the Union of the Peasants' Party and the New Democracy Party ( VNDP / Valstiečių ir Naujosios democijos partijų sąjunga ).

Beginnings (until 1917)

The beginning of the formation of a party landscape in Lithuania is formed by the Vilnius Great Seimas , who met in the Lithuanian capital Vilnius in the revolutionary year 1905 . The goal was the democratization and autonomy of Lithuania within the Russian Empire . At the conference, many socio-political currents formed into parties for the first time. Supporters of the Lietuvos democ partija (LDP, German: Lithuanian Democratic Party) founded in 1902 founded the Lithuanian Farmers' Union ( Lietuvos valstiečių sąjunga , LVS ) on December 5, 1905 , which, under the leadership of Ernestas Galvanauskas, represented the interests of the simple rural population without Christian or saw socialist ideological orientation. With the repression of the democracy movement by the Russian tsar in 1906, the party activities of the peasant union also flagged. Not until August 1907 was a party leadership elected and a provisional party program adopted. The goals were land reform for the benefit of the rural poor, free schooling, a progressive tax policy and extensive self-government by the communities. The orientation of the party as a conservative, socially minded home party stems from these beginnings. The following years were years of repression by the Tsarist Russian authorities and party work was paralyzed.

Revival in 1919 and First Republic

In April 1919, when Lithuania's independence was in fact restored, the LVS finally constituted itself as a political party. The party leadership was elected and a program was passed that had strong social democratic features and was aimed at the common rural population. In the first free elections to the constituent assembly in April 1920, the farmers ' union came in a coalition with the Democratic People's Socialists (LSLDP) to 28 of the 112 seats (19 of them for members of the farmers' union). In a coalition with the Christian Democrats , the leading peasant union politician Kazys Grinius was elected new prime minister on June 19, 1920 . In December 1922 the Bauernbund merged with the LSLDP. The new party was given the name Lietuvos valstiečių liaudininkų sąjunga (LVLS) , which is valid again today . With Alexander Tornau from 1922 to 1926 a representative of the German minority was also a member of the Seimas for the LVLS.

The following years up to 1926 were marked by an eventful history of the government coalition with the Christian Democrats (May 1920 - January 1922, May 1923 - June 1924, Prime Minister Ernestas Galvanauskas ) and the opposition (January 1922 - May 1923 and June 1924 - May 1926). The point of contention was mostly the rejection of the religious policy orientation of the Christian Democrats. Both parties were united in their commitment to social justice and their support for parliamentary democracy . After the elections in April 1926, the liaudininkai formed a government coalition with the Social Democrats for the first time against the largest faction in parliament, the Christian Democrats. In this coalition, the LVLS provided the President , Kazys Grinius, and the Prime Minister, Mykolas Sleževičius . After only six months in office, this government was violently overthrown by the bitter opponents of the nationalists under Antanas Smetona with the support of the Christian Democrats. In April 1927, Smetona dissolved the parliament, which the LVLS had boycotted since the coup, and banned all parties with the exception of the nationalists from public activity. In 1935 the party was banned outright and continued to exist underground.

From March 1939 until the annexation of Lithuania to the Soviet Union in June 1940, liaudininkai were represented in the governments of Jonas Černis and Antanas Merkys (justice and agriculture). After the communist seizure of power, all other parties were banned and their members were often deported to Siberia . After the Second World War, many leading members of the LVLS fled to the West, and they continued to emigrate.

Re-establishment in 1990

In August 1990 the Lithuanian Farmers' Union (LVS) was re-established like many other parties from the interwar period. Petras Bėčius became the first party chairman . Programmatically, the LVS saw itself in the tradition of the historic farmers' union, advocated the establishment of agricultural cooperatives, a cooperative bank and state social benefits. In the first free elections after the end of communism in October 1992, the LVS did not participate as a separate list. Some LVS politicians ran on the list of the Liberal Union (LLU), which was only able to collect 1.5% of the vote. The only close member of the parliament was Albinas Vaižmužis, who appeared as an independent and was directly elected. He was elected in April 1994 as the new chairman of the party renamed Lietuvos valstiečių partija (Lithuanian Peasant Party). In the 1996 and 2000 elections, too , the farmers' party failed to pass the 5% hurdle (1996: 1.7%, 2000: 4.1%). However, she was represented by one (1996-2000; Albinas Vaižmužis) or four (2000-2004; including the new (since 1998) party leader Ramūnas Karbauskis ) directly elected MPs in the Seimas.

VNDP (2001-2005)

See also: Valstiečių ir Naujosios Demokratieijos partijų sąjunga

To improve the chances of success, the LVP joined forces in December 2001 with the Party of the New Democracy (NDP) to form the Union of Peasants' Parties and the New Democracy (VNDS; lit. Valstiečių ir Naujosios democijos partijų sąjunga ). The previous party leader of the NDP, Kazimiera Prunskienė , became the new chairman . With the merger, the LVP wanted to achieve better results in the cities: in the local elections in March 2000, the party was still the second largest party in the country with 209 seats, but then in October 2000 it missed the 5% hurdle in the national parliamentary elections (4.1%). The new connection brought the desired success: in the European elections in June 2004 the party received 7.1% of the valid votes and a mandate in the European Parliament ( Union for the Europe of Nations , Kon), in the following parliamentary elections in October 2004 it came to 6.6% of the votes and a total of 10 mandates (5 of which are direct mandates). The parliamentary group in the Seimas had 12 members with the two members of the electoral action of the Poles of Lithuania (with two defectors from the Labor Party, later even 14 members). The VNDS became the majority funder for the new government coalition of Social Democrats and Labor . The party leader Kazimiera Prunskienė received the Ministry of Agriculture.

LVŽS since 2005

At the party congress in December 2005 - 100 years after the founding of the LVS - it was decided to refer to the party from the interwar period in terms of name and content. The party therefore sees itself as a party that is linked to its home country and is oriented towards social values ​​and represents the interests of the middle class and the farmers. Kazimiera Prunskienė was confirmed as party leader.

A community of factions with the party of the citizens' democracy failed after six months (May 2007 - January 2008). The formation of the parliamentary group can be seen as an attempt to consolidate the electoral base before the upcoming elections in 2008 in order to achieve a return to parliament. This goal was missed, in the elections in October the LVLS only achieved 3.7% of the vote. In her stronghold, the northeast of Lithuania ( Aukštaitija ), she was able to win three direct mandates. Chairwoman Kazimiera Prunskienė was unable to defend her direct mandate, which weakened her position within the party. The critical voices increased, accusing her of having abused the party for self-expression and of being responsible for the election defeat. In the prematurely scheduled board elections at the party congress on February 28, 2009, she no longer stood for election. The party leader from the very beginning, Ramūnas Karbauskis , was elected as her successor and won 323 to 244 votes against Prunskienė's candidate, MEP Gintaras Didžiokas.

The LVLS is currently providing mayors in the districts of Šiauliai , Panevežys , Jonava , Ignalina , Kupiškis , Šakiai , Šilutė and Ukmergė.

General election 2016

The Union of Farmers and Greens surprisingly won 21.5 percent of the vote in the 2016 parliamentary elections and received a total of 54 of the 141 seats in the Lithuanian parliament. Until then, the party only had one mandate. The LVŽS and the previously ruling Social Democratic Party of Lithuania (LSDP) agreed after the election on a government coalition, which broke up on September 23, 2017. Since then, the Union of Peasants and Greens has governed in a minority government tolerated by parts of the Social Democratic Party and members of the electoral action of the Poles of Lithuania .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Archived copy ( memento of the original from March 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lvls.lt
  2. ^ Election of R. Karbauskis as the new party chairman of the LVLS, message on delfi.lt, February 28, 2009 (lit.)
  3. Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated August 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lvls.lt
  4. FAZ.net
  5. Bloomeberg: Lithuanian government faces minority rule after party exits , accessed on October 19, 2017.