List of historical antipopes
This is a list of the historical antipopes . It does not include counter-popes of modern groups who do not enjoy any support in the ecclesiastical hierarchy and have at most a few thousand followers with strong regional limitations. 40 historical antipopes are listed in the table.
Then there are Vigilius , who at the beginning of his recognized pontificate was merely an antipope, and Sergius III. who was antipope in 898, but became legitimate pope from 904.
Pope | bourgeois name | Term of office | comment |
Natalis | 200 | biographical data not saved | |
Hippolytus of Rome | 217-235 | first and only holy antipope | |
Novatian | 251-258 | ||
Heraclius | 309 or 310 | ||
Felix II | 356-365 | Legitimacy unclear | |
Ursinus | 366-367 | ||
Eulalius | 418-419 | ||
Laurentius | 498-506 | ||
Dioscure | 530 | Legitimacy unclear | |
Theodore II | 687 | ||
Paschal I. | 687-692 | ||
Constantine II | 767-768 | Is not an antipope because his predecessor was already dead. | |
Philip | 768 | Was used by the Lombards under Desiderius. Could only last a short time. | |
John VIII | 844 | ||
Anastasius III. | 855 | ||
Christophorus | 903-904 | Legitimacy unclear | |
Boniface VII | Franco Ferruci | 974 | Later also a legitimate Pope |
John XVI | 997-998 | ||
Gregory VI. | 1012 | ||
New Years Eve III. | Giovani di Sabina | 1045 | Legitimacy unclear |
Benedict X. | Giovanni Mincio from Tusculum | 1058-1060 | Legitimacy unclear |
Honorius II. | Pietro Cadalus of Parma | 1061-1064 | |
Clement III. | Wibert of Ravenna | 1084-1100 | |
Theodoricus | Theodoric | 1100 | |
Albertus | Albert of Sabina | 1102 | |
New Year IV. | Maginulf | 1105-1111 | |
Gregory VIII | Mauritius Burdinus | 1118-1121 | |
Anaclet II | Pietro Pierleoni | 1130-1138 | |
Viktor IV | Gregorio Conti by Ceccano | 1138 | |
Viktor IV | Octaviano de Montecello | 1159-1164 | |
Paschal III. | Guido from Crema | 1164-1168 | |
Calixt III. | John of Struma | 1168-1178 | |
Innocent III. | Lando from Sezze | 1179-1180 | |
Nicholas V. | Pietro Rainalducci | 1328-1330 | in Rome (the papal seat was Avignon ) |
Clement VII | Robert Count of Geneva | 1378-1394 | in Avignon |
Benedict XIII. | Pedro Marinez de Luna y Gotor | 1394-1422 | in Avignon |
Alexander V. | Pietro Philargi | 1409-1410 | in Pisa (counted as a legitimate Pope until the 20th century) |
John XXIII | Baldassare Cossa | 1410-1415 | in Pisa (counted as a legitimate Pope until the 20th century) |
Clement VIII | Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón | 1423-1429 | in Aragon |
Benedict XIV. | Bernard Garnier | 1425-1430 | in Aragon |
Felix V. | Amadeus VIII, Count of Savoy | 1439-1449 | in Geneva , Lausanne and Basel |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eusebius of Caesarea : Church History , V. 28, II.