List of antipsychotics
The list of antipsychotics gives active ingredients and their trade names for atypical antipsychotics , typical antipsychotics and depot antipsychotics.
The first generation antipsychotics (known as typical neuroleptics or classic neuroleptics) are ineffective in 30 to 40% of patients. Therefore, there are often changes in treatment. Atypical neuroleptics are increasingly being used. Possible undesirable side effects include disorders of the extrapyramidal motor system (EPS), which can be combated with additional medication. The medication should be discontinued gradually in order to keep the risk of symptoms and the triggering of a psychosis (schizophrenia) or symptoms similar to a psychosis as low as possible.
The term antipsychotics is misleading as it does not include drugs that are effective against depressive psychosis.
list
The information on the trade names for mono- and combination preparations with the listed medicinal substances are often not conclusive.
First generation antipsychotics
| Active ingredient | Trade name | Approval in Germany | Approval status for use in children and adolescents in Germany (indication, partly in excerpts or in abbreviated form) | Maximum oral daily dose for adults (inpatient) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benperidol | Glianimon | 1966 | not approved for children and young people | 24 (60) mg |
| Bromperidol | Impromen | 1984 | from the age of twelve (acute, subacute and chronic schizophrenia). | 50 mg |
| Chlorpromazine | Megaphs | 1953 out of trade since December 2007 | from three years | 800 mg |
| Chlorprothixes | Truxal | 1959 | from 3 years (attenuation of psychomotor restlessness and states of excitement in the context of acute psychotic syndromes, maniforme syndromes) | 600 (800) mg |
| Droperidol | Xomolix | 1963 | from two years of age (prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting after operations as second choice therapy) | 40 mg |
| Flupentixol | Fluanxol | 1966 | not approved for children and young people | 60 mg |
| Fluphenazine | Lyogen | 1961 | from twelve years of age (acute and chronic schizophrenic psychoses, psychomotor states of excitement) | 40 mg |
| Flus pirils | Fluspi | 1972 | not approved for children and young people | |
| Haloperidol | Haldol | 1959 | from three years of age (acute and chronic schizophrenic syndromes, psychomotor arousal states of psychotic origin, acute manic syndromes, tic disorders, vomiting) | 40 (100) mg |
| Levomepromazine | Neurocil | 1959 | from 16 years of age (psychomotor restlessness and excitement in the context of psychotic syndromes, mild acute psychotic syndromes with delusion, hallucinations, thought disorders and ego disorders, manifest syndromes, combination therapy in the treatment of pain) | 600 (1000) mg |
| Melperon | Eunerpan | 1975 | from the age of twelve (sleep disorders, confusion, psychomotor restlessness, agitation) | 200 (400) mg |
| Perazine | Taxilane | 1958 | from 16 years (acute and chronic psychoses, maniforme syndromes, psychomotor agitation) | 600 (1000) mg |
| Perphenazine | Decentane | 1957 | Children and adolescents (acute psychotic syndromes, catatonic syndromes, delirious and other exogenous psychotic syndromes, psychomotor states of excitement) | 48 (64) mg |
| Pimozide | Orap | 1971 | Children and adolescents (maintenance therapy for chronic psychoses of the schizophrenic type) | 16 (32) mg |
| Pipamperon | Dipiperone | 1961 | Children and adolescents (sleep disorders, psychomotor agitation) | 360 mg |
| Promazine | Protactyl | 1957 out of trade since January 2006 | from three months (psychomotor agitation, sleep disorders, combination therapy in the treatment of pain, neuropathy in childhood) | 1200 mg |
| Promethazine | Atosil | 1950 | from two years of age (restlessness and agitation in the context of underlying psychiatric diseases) | 1000 mg |
| Prothipendyl | Dominal | 1958 | Children and adolescents (attenuation in psychomotor restless and agitated states in the context of underlying psychiatric illnesses) | 600 (1000) mg |
| Thioridazine | Melleril | 1959 | Children and adolescents (chronic forms of schizophrenic and other psychoses) | |
| Thiothixen | Navane | |||
| Tiapride | Delpral | 1978 | Children and adolescents (Huntington's disease) | |
| Trifluperidol | Triperidol | The approval expired in mid-2005. | ||
| Zuclopenthixol | Ciatyl-Z | 1981 | not approved for children and young people | 150 mg |
Second generation antipsychotics
| Active ingredient | Trade name | Approval in Germany | Approval status for use in children and adolescents in Germany (indication, partly in excerpts or in abbreviated form) | Maximum oral daily dose for adults (inpatient) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amisulpride | Solian | 1999 | not approved for children and young people | 1200 mg |
| Aripiprazole | Abilify | 2004 | from 13 years (bipolar I disorder) from 15 years (schizophrenia) |
30 mg |
| Asenapine | Sycrest | Approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in September 2010 | not approved for children and young people | 20 mg |
| Brexpiprazole | Rexulti | |||
| Cariprazine | Reagila | Approved in the USA since September 17, 2015 Approved in Europe since summer 2017. | ||
| Clozapine | Leponex | 1973 | from 16 years (therapy-resistant schizophrenia). | 600 mg |
| Loxapine | Adasuve | 2013 | ||
| Lurasidon | Latuda | Approved in the USA since 2010 and in the EU since March 2014 | ||
| Olanzapine | Zyprexa | 1996 | not approved for children and young people | 20 mg |
| Paliperidone | Invega | 2007 | not approved for children and young people | 12 mg |
| Quetiapine | Seroquel | 2000 | not approved for children and young people | 1200 mg |
| Risperidone | Risperdal | 1994 | from five years of age (symptomatic short-term treatment of persistent aggressions in behavioral disorders with average intellectual abilities or mental retardation) | 12 mg |
| Sertindole | Serdolect | 1997 | not approved for children and young people | 24 mg |
| Sulpiride | Dogmatically | 1972 | from six years of age (acute and chronic schizophrenia, depressive disorder (if treatment with another antidepressant was unsuccessful or cannot be carried out), therapy-resistant dizziness in Meniere's disease ) | 3200 mg |
| Ziprasidone | Zeldox | 2002 | from ten years (manic or mixed episodes up to a moderate degree in bipolar disorder) | 160 mg |
| Zotepin | Nipolept | 1990 out of trade since December 2010 | not approved for children and young people | 450 mg |
Depot antipsychotics
| Active ingredient | Trade name | group |
|---|---|---|
| Aripiprazole | Abilify Maintena | atypical |
| Flupentixol | Fluanxol depot | typical |
| Fluphenazine | Dapotum depot | typical |
| Flus pirils | Imap | typical |
| Haloperidol decanoate | Haldol depot | typical |
| Paliperidone | Xeplion, Trevicta | atypical |
| Risperidone | Risperdal Consta | atypical |
| Olanzapine | Zypadhera | atypical |
literature
- Austrian Society for Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry : Depot Antipsychotics / Neuroleptics. State of the art 2014. (PDF)
- Thomas Scior: Psychiatric Drugs . Clinical know-how for everyday pharmacy. In: Pharmazeutische Zeitung , No. 32, 2001
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reduce and discontinue neuroleptics. A brochure for people with psychosis, relatives and professionals of all professions. (PDF) German Society for Social Psychiatry (DGSP), October 2014
- ^ Frank Theisen, Helmut Remschmidt: Schizophrenia. Manuals of mental disorders in children and adolescents . 2011, ISBN 3-540-20946-8 , pp. 150 .
- ↑ Peter Lehmann: Get off psychotropic drugs - know how. In: Pro mente sana aktuell (Switzerland), 1998, issue 1, pp. 20-22
- ↑ Peter Lehmann: Peter Lehmann: Problems when stopping neuroleptics as a result of receptor changes and tolerance formation. Unpublished manuscript. Last updated on November 16, 2014
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Christian J. Bachmann, Thomas Lempp, Gerd Glaeske, Falk Hoffmann: Antipsychotic prescriptions for children and adolescents. Evaluation of data from a statutory health insurance company for the period 2005–2012. (PDF) In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt , vol. 111, issue 3, January 17, 2014
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Michael Pelz: Neuroleptics overview . dr-michael-pelz.de; Retrieved July 29, 2017
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Borwin Bandelow , Stefan Bleich, Stefan Kropp: Handbuch Psychopharmaka. Hogrefe Verlag, November 2011, ISBN 978-3-8409-2323-4 , p. 143 ff.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Schizophrenia Therapy. Generation conflict. In: Pharmazeutische Zeitung , No. 42, 2007
- ^ Summary of Product Characteristics Asenapine / Sycrest. (PDF) EMA , 2010
- ↑ Sycrest® (asenapine). (PDF) Medicines Commission of the German Medical Association , 2011
- ↑ USA: New antipsychotic approved. In: Pharmazeutische Zeitung , September 22, 2015
- ↑ https://www.gelbe-liste.de/neue-medikamente/reagila-neueinfuehrung
- ↑ New psychotropic drug. Loxapine receives EU approval. In: Pharmazeutische Zeitung , No. 11, 2013
- ↑ FDA approves Latuda to treat schizophrenia in adults. Press release, October 28, 2010.
- ↑ Summary of opinion (initial authorization) (PDF) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP), January 23, 2014.
- ↑ Max Schmauß: Compatibility aspects of atypical neuroleptics. In: Hans-Jürgen Möller, Norbert Müller (Hrsg.): Atypical neuroleptics: The value in the therapy of schizophrenic psychoses. Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7985-1179-8 .
- ^ Anonymous: Xeplion. September 17, 2018, accessed May 10, 2020 .
- ↑ Anonymous: Trevicta (previously Paliperidone Janssen). September 17, 2018, accessed May 10, 2020 .
