Litovelské Pomoraví
Litovelské Pomoraví (German Littauer Marchtal ) is a protected landscape area in the Moravian region of Olomouc , Czech Republic . It has been protecting the wetlands in the floodplain on the middle course of the March since 1990 . The area is 96 km² and occupies an approximately 44 km long and 3–8 km wide strip between the cities of Olomouc and Mohelnice .
topography
The area is located in the contact zone of the Bohemian Massif and the Western Carpathians . The southeastern part is flat, the lowest point is on the southern edge with a height of 210 mnm. In the northwest, a chain of hills joins with the mountains Jelení vrch (344.9 m nm) and Třesín (344.9 m nm) as the highest elevations .
The anastomosing river forms an inland delta in the Litovelské Pomoraví , which is mainly covered by forest and wet meadows. More than half of the area is forested. The March passes through its last major natural section here; outside of the settlements it is not regulated . In spring, the wetlands are regularly flooded . 7% of the site is permanently under water, 36% periodically. In addition to the wet lowland, the protected area also includes the karst of the Třesín mountain with a few caves and the Doubrava mixed deciduous forest. Agricultural use and development play a subordinate role. In the middle between the flat southern and the hilly northern part lies the town of Litovel , in the extreme south the protected area touches the city limits of Olomouc.
Flora and fauna
In the protected area, alluvial forest , mixed deciduous forest and alder forest predominate . The softwood meadows are made up of ash , willow and black poplar , the hardwood meadows with oak , linden , maple and elm . In the hill country there are mixed beech forests . Some plants grow here on the northern edge of their range, for example the branchy grass lily , rose mallow and the real Solomon's seal . Reed , sedges and wet meadows are only found in the floodplain, the higher terraces are used for agriculture. In the 1960s there were 1,000 hectares of wet meadows, today only a third of it is left.
The animal world corresponds to the wetland. The scallop and other crabs settle in the landscape protection area , 35 species of fish were counted. Local representatives of amphibians and reptiles are spadefoot , common frog , common toad , northern crested newt , lizards , slow worms and grass snakes . 48 species of birds breed here, 40 of which are typical forest birds. The forests are a retreat for bats . In 1991 beavers were released .
Ecological importance
In the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area, 25 small-scale areas are under special protection: 2 national nature reserves , 1 national nature monument , 13 nature reserves and 11 nature monuments . Since November 2, 1993, 5,122 hectares have been designated as internationally significant wetlands ; Litovelské Pomoraví is thus one of the 12 areas of the Czech Republic entered in the register of the Ramsar Convention . In 2005, 9,318.57 hectares were declared a bird sanctuary under the Natura 2000 system .
In addition to its ecological value, the damp lowlands of the March are also of great importance as a reservoir for drinking water in the region. The extraction of drinking water has already led to a lowering of the groundwater level . The planned Danube-Oder-Elbe Canal represents a further threat to the water balance . In 1997 the protected area was therefore listed in the Montreux records of endangered Ramsar protected areas.
See also: List of nature reserves in the Czech Republic
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 42 ′ 5 ″ N , 17 ° 4 ′ 32 ″ E