Livø

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Livø
Livovildt.jpg
Waters Limfjord
Geographical location 56 ° 53 '11 "  N , 9 ° 5' 58"  E Coordinates: 56 ° 53 '11 "  N , 9 ° 5' 58"  E
Livø (North Jutland)
Livø
length 6 km
width 1.6 km
surface 3.31 km²
Highest elevation 43  m
Residents 10 (January 1, 2020)
3 inhabitants / km²

Livø is an island in the Limfjord ( Jutland , Denmark ) with an area of ​​331 ha and 10 inhabitants (January 1, 2020). The island is only a few kilometers northeast of Fur and about 10 kilometers southwest of Løgstør . From April 1st to October 1st there is a regular ferry service between Rønbjerg and Livø. The crossing takes about 20 minutes. Livø belongs to the parish community ( Dan. : Sogn ) Ranum Sogn , which until 1970 Harde Slet Herred in Aalborg County belonged from 1970 to løgstør in what was then North Jutland , which in the course of municipal reform on 1 January 2007 in the vesthimmerland municipality in the region of Nordjylland has risen.

history

Traces in the form of tools , worked amber and remnants of mud huts testify that the island was already inhabited during the Stone Age . From 1158 until after the Reformation , Livø was owned by Vitskøl Monastery . In 1573 the island became a mansion under the name Bjørnsholm, until it was sold in 1850. After several, mostly unsuccessful attempts by the changing new owners to establish an economically viable existence, a professor Keller acquired the island in 1911 and set up an institution for the mentally handicapped, "Den Kellerske Åndssvageanstalt". For the next 50 years, mentally handicapped criminals who were employed in agriculture and forestry were housed here . The institution was given up in 1970. Some of the buildings from this period are now part of a holiday complex on Livø. The island is state-owned and managed by the nature department ( Naturstyrelsen ) of the Danish Ministry of the Environment ; ecological experimental and demonstration farming has been practiced since 1991.

geology

Livø has a landscape shaped by the Ice Age , flat in the south and up to 43 meters in the north. In the cliff on the northwest side, several profiles are exposed, from which the deposition conditions, the type of partly tertiary , but mostly glacial sediments and the disturbances in the stratification caused by glacial ice pressure can be understood.

A special feature is the Liv Tap headland in the south, which is around three kilometers long and longer than the island. It is only a few meters wide. The shape of the headland goes back to the wind and current conditions in the area around the island. The prevailing north-westerly winds cause a current to flow south-east on both sides of the island. In the south of the island, where the currents meet in the slipstream, the material carried by the current is deposited. In the last 100 years the headland has grown by two kilometers. It forms the extension of the beach wall area in the southern part of the island , which is also constantly growing. In Danish, this unusual shape of a headland is called “retodde” (ret = straight, odde = headland, spit ). Liv Tap is type locality for this headland type.

nature

Liv Tap is a seal sanctuary and must not be entered. In the summer months, however, excursion boats from Fur and Rønbjerg stop at the seal banks. From a few fallow deer released on the island around a hundred years ago , a population that is quite considerable for the small island has developed, which is regulated by shooting.

The heather , especially in the north of the island, is the remainder of what was once an extensive heather area, which has been strongly pushed back since around 1800, mainly by agricultural land use. Today, large parts of the former heathland are covered with coniferous forest. Remains of old oak and hazel forests can also be found in the northern part of the island , which covered large parts of the island in the Stone Age, around 5000 years ago, when the climate was a little warmer than today. Many oaks are around 300 years old.

Economy and tourism

In addition to the state research facility, tourism plays a certain role during the summer months. In addition to a campsite, there are about 270 beds available for holiday guests in seven overnight houses that date back to the time of the “Kellerske Åndssvageanstalt”. On the east coast there is a small marina near the ferry landing. Motor vehicles and dogs are not allowed on the island.

literature

  • Steen Andersen & Steen Sjørring (Red.): Det nordlige Jylland (published as the third of five volumes in the Geologisk set series ) - 208 p., Numerous. Fig. And maps, Geografforlaget, Brenderup (DK) 1997 (2nd edition of the 1st edition).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b statistics banks -> Befolkning og valg -> BEF4: Folketal pr. January 1st demands på øer (Danish)
  2. ↑ Danmarks Statistics : Statistical Yearbook 2009 - Geography and climate, Table 3 Area and population. Regions and inhabited islands (English; PDF; 39 kB)

Web links

Commons : Livø  - collection of images