Ludwig Fischer (dialectologist)

Ludwig Fischer's signature on a postcard to Albert Bachmann (stamped with the date of arrival).

Ludwig Fischer (born August 3, 1877 in Triengen , † April 14, 1962 in Lucerne ) was a Swiss teacher and dialectologist . He earned lasting merit with his grammar of the Swiss-German dialect spoken in the canton of Lucerne .

Life

Fischer, who is entitled to live in his north Lucerne place of birth Triengen, was born as the son of farmer Ludwig Fischer and Fries, who was born in Anna. After attending the local primary and secondary school, he spent two years in French-speaking Switzerland and France from 1892 to 1894 . In the fall of 1894 he entered the Hitzkirch teacher training college , began teaching at the primary school in Triengen in 1898, and was granted a primary teacher patent in 1899 and a secondary teacher patent in 1900 . After nine years as a primary school teacher - two in Triengen and seven in Lucerne - he entered the autumn 1907 University of Zurich to German Language and Literature and History to study; other subjects in which he listened were the history of French literature , constitutional law , art history and Latin . In 1910 he was elected secondary school teacher in Lucerne and taught from 1915 to 1946 both at the Höhere Töchterschule (subject history) and at the municipal teachers' college (subjects history and German); Until 1913 he also remained matriculated at the university. Due to the occupation of the border during the First World War and the fact that the teaching post was busy, Fischer only received his doctorate in 1920 under Albert Bachmann with a thesis on the vocalism of the Lucerne dialect (printed in 1927). Its extension was announced at that time to "the Schwachtonvokale, the consonants, flexion, a brief description of the relationship with neighboring dialects, an explanation of the dialect boundaries, dialect samples, a dictionary and a map," which inclusion in the series Contributions to Swiss German grammar connected would have been. However, it was no longer included in this series after the death of Bachmann (1934), who had published the series.

Lucerne German grammar

In September 1950, the 73-year-old fisherman was asked by the education department ( Ministry of Culture ) of the canton of Lucerne whether he wanted to write a Lucerne-German grammar, which he agreed the following year. The Zurich German grammar published in 1948 by Albert Weber served as a model ; own surveys provided the data. Further foundations and resources were his dissertation on stem syllable vowelism published in 1927, Karl Schmid's dissertation on Entlebuch dialect printed in 1915 , Karl Stucki's Swiss German dialect grammar from 1921, the work of Franz Joseph Stalder and Renward Brandstetter , Jakob Hunziker's Aargau dictionary (which also contains a short grammar ) and the Swiss Idioticon ; Eugen Dieth also acted in an advisory capacity .

Fischer's grammar, for which he gave most of his retirement and which was published in 1960, covers all the dialects of the canton of Lucerne, but focuses on his own rural ("Gäuer") dialect of the Sursee region . Wherever it is appropriate, it contrasts with the written German and has a normative claim, which is also expressed in the subtitle A Guide to Good Dialect . Together with the already mentioned Zurich German grammar by Albert Weber, the Baseldeutsche grammar by Rudolf Suter (1976/92), the Bern German grammar by Werner Marti (1985), the Bern German syntax by Werner Hodler (1969), the third volume of the German language atlas Switzerland and the respective inflection chapters in the volumes of the series Contributions to Swiss German Grammar (1910–1940), it forms the backbone of Swiss German grammar description.

Publications

The stem syllable vowelism of the Lucerne Gäus dialect. Treatise on obtaining a doctorate from the first section of the high philosophical faculty of the University of Zurich. Huber, Frauenfeld 1927.
Lucerne German grammar. A guide to good dialect. Edited on behalf of the Education Department of the Canton of Lucerne. Schweizer Spiegel, Zurich 1960 ( grammars and dictionaries of Swiss German II). - With an appendix to the new edition by Walter Haas . Comenius, Hitzkirch 1989.

literature

Resume. In: The stem syllable vowelism of the dialect of the Lucerne Gäus. Treatise on obtaining a doctorate from the first section of the high philosophical faculty of the University of Zurich. Huber, Frauenfeld 1927, no p.
Preface. In: Lucerne German grammar. A guide to good dialect. Edited on behalf of the Education Department of the Canton of Lucerne. Schweizer Spiegel, Zurich 1960 and reprint Comenius, Hitzkirch 1989 ( grammars and dictionaries of Swiss German II), pp. 7–8.
P [io] F [ässler]: † Dr. Ludwig Fischer. In: Vaterland , April 1962.
-r [= Hans-Peter Jäger-Fischer]: † Dr. Ludwig Fischer. In: Luzerner Tagblatt , April 1962.
Walter Haas: Appendix to the new edition 1989. In: Luzerndeutsche Grammatik. A guide to good dialect. Edited on behalf of the Education Department of the Canton of Lucerne. Reprint Comenius, Hitzkirch 1989 ( grammars and dictionaries of Swiss German II), pp. 559–581.
Walter Haas: Fischer, Ludwig. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

Web links

Publications by and about Ludwig Fischer in the Helveticat catalog of the Swiss National Library

Individual evidence

↑ Data according to the curriculum vitae attached to the dissertation . In 1962, Hans-Peter Jäger-Fischer wrote in the Nekrolog that his father-in-law had acquired the secondary school teacher certificate "at great personal sacrifice" in Zurich.
↑ Ludwig Fischer: The stem syllable vowelism of the dialect of the Lucerne Gäus. Phil. Diss. Univ. Zurich. Huber, Frauenfeld 1927, back of the title page.
^ Archives Schweizerisches Idiotikon, Zurich, Minutes of the Steering Committee 1897–1942: Minutes of the meeting of January 24, 1935. - The manuscript is in the archives of the Swiss Idiotikon.
^ After Ludwig Fischer: Luzerndeutsche Grammar. A guide to good dialect. Edited on behalf of the Education Department of the Canton of Lucerne. Schweizer Spiegel, Zurich 1960 (grammars and dictionaries of Swiss German II) [reprinted by Comenius, Hitzkirch 1989]; P. 7 f.

personal data
SURNAME	Fischer, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Swiss Germanist, teacher and dialectologist
DATE OF BIRTH	August 3, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH	Triengen
DATE OF DEATH	April 14, 1962
Place of death	Lucerne

[1] Data according to the curriculum vitae attached to the dissertation . In 1962, Hans-Peter Jäger-Fischer wrote in the Nekrolog that his father-in-law had acquired the secondary school teacher certificate "at great personal sacrifice" in Zurich.

[2] Ludwig Fischer: The stem syllable vowelism of the dialect of the Lucerne Gäus. Phil. Diss. Univ. Zurich. Huber, Frauenfeld 1927, back of the title page.

[3] Archives Schweizerisches Idiotikon, Zurich, Minutes of the Steering Committee 1897–1942: Minutes of the meeting of January 24, 1935. - The manuscript is in the archives of the Swiss Idiotikon.

[4] After Ludwig Fischer: Luzerndeutsche Grammar. A guide to good dialect. Edited on behalf of the Education Department of the Canton of Lucerne. Schweizer Spiegel, Zurich 1960 (grammars and dictionaries of Swiss German II) [reprinted by Comenius, Hitzkirch 1989]; P. 7 f.