Ludwig Friedrich Karl (Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen)

The princely couple Ludwig Friedrich Karl with his wife Sophia Amalie on the occasion of their golden wedding on January 28, 1799. The memorial is on the southeast wall in the collegiate church of Öhringen.

Ludwig Friedrich Karl Prince of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen (* May 23, 1723 in Öhringen ; † July 27, 1805 there ) was senior of the entire house and director of the Franconian Imperial Counts College since 1796 .

Life

Ludwig Friedrich Karl was born on May 23, 1723 in Öhringen . His parents were Count Johann Friedrich II von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein , married since February 13, 1710 to Dorothea Sophia, Countess of Hesse-Darmstadt . She died on July 7, 1723. Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl was her youngest child and only son.

Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl married Sophia Amalie Carolina, Duchess of Saxony-Hildburghausen , on January 28, 1749 , born on July 21, 1732, died on June 19, 1799. Daughter of Ernst Friedrich II. Duke of Saxony-Hildburghausen and Carolina Countess Erbach-Fürstenau .

Their only child, Karl Ludwig Friedrich, was born on April 20, 1754, but died on February 28, 1755. He is buried together with his parents in the crypt of the collegiate church in Öhringen .

family

Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl still had 8 sisters, two of whom died in childhood. His sister Sophia Carolina, born in 1715, died in 1770, was married to Prince Karl August zu Hohenlohe-Kirchberg. The sister Wilhelmine Eleonore, born in 1717, married the count and later Prince Heinrich August zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen in 1743 . Wilhelmine Eleonore died in 1794.

The son of his sister Wilhelmine Eleonore, Prince Friedrich Ludwig zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen , was born on January 31, 1746. Prince Friedrich Ludwig zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen became the heir of his uncle Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl zu Hohenlohe-Neuenstein in 1805. The nephew Friedrich Ludwig von Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen lived with the princely couple in Öhringen for a few years after the death of their son Karl Ludwig Friedrich. Even after the death of the son of the princely couple, he was very close to his uncle in Öhringen, so that he made him his sole heir in his will of August 14, 1784. Friedrich Ludwig died on April 20, 1840.

Works

Construction work

Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl was very committed to his part of the country and his residence, especially for the church and schools. He had the residential castle in Öhringen modernized and expanded several times, and the stair bridge from the castle courtyard to the courtyard garden was built in 1781. From 1782, the Karlsvorstadt was laid out as planned along the road to Neuenstein. The ruling Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl gave the name. The Upper Gate was built in 1792 with pillars that are supposed to remind of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin. To the east there were numerous representative, also classicist buildings such as the palace, the forester's house (princely administration) and the manorial fruit box. The court garden was laid out in the French style between 1712 and 1717. He had the churches in Kirchensall (1769 to 1772) and Orendelsall (1791) renewed. He had school houses built in Öhringen (1803), Grünbühl (1800), Eckartsweiler (1805) and other places.

education

A teachers' seminar had been attached to the grammar school since 1788, with the help of which the next generation of teachers in Hohenlohe should be trained. At the end of his life, Ludwig Friedrich Karl apparently had the plan to expand his school into a "Gymnasium illustrious" based on the model of the Hohen Karlsschule in Stuttgart. However, this project was no longer carried out.

Social facilities

In the Middle Ages , caring for the poor was one of the tasks of the church . Due to the Reformation , responsibility for social tasks in the Protestant territories fell to the sovereigns. They now had to ensure that the hungry were fed, widows and orphans supported, the sick and infirm were cared for. So he took over the poor relief for his territory. The prince's duties were no longer just Christian charity. The task now was to eliminate the causes of poverty and hardship as far as possible and to promote satisfaction and happiness among subjects.

Hospital in Öhringen

The hospital in Öhringen remained an essential part of social welfare . This was not a hospital, but a home where old and frail people could find admission. Those who wanted to spend their retirement years in the hospital had - if they were able to do so - to pay a certain purchase fee. The purchase fee could be waived for destitute needy people.

Institutions

Breeding and work house

The most important institutions of Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl were founded in Neuenstein . These were the facilities of the breeding and work house , and there was also a retirement home and an orphanage . The penal institution was housed in the old chancellery building and the old people's home and orphanage in the castle, which were built at different times. The beggars and tramps were caught by hussars and employed in the quarry, the women and children with field work, wood saws, spinning wool and other homework. On July 1, 1773, the institute officially began in Neuenstein. In 1808 the breeding and work house was closed again by order of the King of Württemberg .

Fire insurance

In 1774 the Hohenlohische Brandversicherungsgesellschaft was set up, in which Langenburg , Ingelfingen and Kirchberg also participated in addition to Öhringen . Soon the benefit was accepted, if reluctantly, by the subjects.

Widows and Orphans Fund

Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl made an attempt in 1774 to set up a widows 'and orphans' fund. He hoped for the support of the three Langenburg lords. At a conference in Künzelsau , however, no agreement was reached. On June 19, 1777, Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl founded a "General Voluntary Widows and Orphans Fund" for his part of the country on his own. In 1780 the princes of Ingelfingen, Langenburg and Kirchberg founded the “Fürstlich Hohenlohe-Neuensteinische joint widows and orphans catering society”.

Loan office

Part of the social welfare to which the prince and his government were committed was the establishment of the Öhringer “Leihkasse” in 1783. It was the predecessor of all private and public financial institutions in Öhringen and the surrounding area. Of course, there had been private moneylenders before who sold surplus money for interest. The interest rates were different and in some cases they were increased unchristian. When the lending office was founded by the stately ordinance, Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl had in mind those who were particularly exposed to the vicissitudes of life. Some provisions of the princely ordinance once again confirmed that Prince Ludwig Friedrich Karl had thought in particular of the poor in his rule.

literature

• Fischer, Wolfram: The Principality of Hohenlohe in the Age of Enlightenment. JCB Mohr, Tübingen 1958, ISBN 978-3168232810 .
• Royal statistical-topographical Bureau [Hrsg.]: Description of the Oberamt Oehringen. Lindemann, Stuttgart 1865.
• State archive administration Baden-Württemberg [Hrsg.]: The district of Öhringen Official district description. 1968, volume II.
• Taddey, Gerhard; Roessler, Walter; Schenk, Werner: Öhringen city and monastery. City of Öhringen [Ed.], Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1988, ISBN 978-3799576314 .

Web links

• Caring prince and promoter of culture. Retrieved January 23, 2018 .