Monocarboxylate transporter 1

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Monocarboxylate transporter 1
Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 500 amino acids
Secondary to quaternary structure multipass (12 TMS) membrane protein
Identifier
Gene name SLC16A1
External IDs
Transporter classification
TCDB 2.A.1.13.1
designation Major Facilitator Superfamily / Monocarboxylate Porter
Occurrence
Homology family SLC16
Parent taxon Euteleostomi

Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) ( gene : SLC16A1 ) is the name of the protein in the cell membrane of vertebrate cells that catalyzes the diffusion of many monocarboxylic acids out of the cells . In particular, the transport of lactic acid from muscle cells under anaerobic conditions and from erythrocytes is indispensable in order not to over-acidify the inside of the cells . Mutations in the SLC16A1 gene in humans can lead to a lack of transporters and (more rarely, hereditary) inability to use muscles extremely; also are myoglobin and creatine kinase in the blood increases.

The catalyzed membrane transport equilibrium is:

Monocarboxylate (inside) + H + (inside)     monocarboxylate (outside) + H + (outside)

So it is a symport . Lactate , pyruvate , mevalonate , anions of branched keto acids , β-hydroxybutyrate , γ-hydroxybutyrate , butyrate , acetoacetate , acetate and anions of valine and isoleucine function as monocarboxylate .

The presence of basigin is absolutely necessary for the function of MCT1 , which as a chaperone is also responsible for the localization of MCT1. Furthermore, the transporter activity is stimulated by binding to carbonate anhydrase-2.

Individual evidence

  1. UniProt P53985
  2. TCDB : 2.A.1
  3. UniProt P53985 , TCDB : 2.A.1.13.1
  4. Wilson MC, Meredith D, Fox JE, Manoharan C, Davies AJ, Halestrap AP: Basigin (CD147) is the target for organomercurial inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter isoforms 1 and 4: the ancillary protein for the insensitive MCT2 is EMBIGIN (gp70) . In: J. Biol. Chem. . 280, No. 29, July 2005, pp. 27213-21. doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M411950200 . PMID 15917240 .
  5. Becker HM, Deitmer JW: Nonenzymatic proton handling by carbonic anhydrase II during H + -lactate cotransport via monocarboxylate transporter 1 . In: J. Biol. Chem. . 283, No. 31, August 2008, pp. 21655-67. doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M802134200 . PMID 18539591 .

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