Magnus Sheaf

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Magnus Garbe is a tragedy in three acts by the German Nobel Prize winner for literature Gerhart Hauptmann , which was written down in the summer of 1915 and premiered on February 4, 1956 in the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus under the direction of Karl-Heinz Stroux with Alfred Schieske in the title role. Hilde Mikulicz played Garbe's wife Felicia. The book edition of the Inquisition drama was published by S. Fischer in Volume 8 of the last edition in Berlin in 1942 .

The oppressive piece "shows in relentless clarity the bestiality of people in the crowd."

Gerhart Hauptmann on a painting by Lovis Corinth from 1900

Emergence

At the beginning of the 20th century, Gerhart Hauptmann intensively studied the witch hunt of the inquisitors on the basis of vol. 1 by Paul Graf von Hoensbroech's “The papacy in its socio-cultural effectiveness” (1900) - “a passionate reckoning with Catholicism ”. Only at the beginning of the war did he take up the project again.

The National Socialists prevented the director of the Baden-Baden Theater from performing the version from 1915 in 1939 because of "political inappropriateness". In 1942 the author had the book published by S. Fischer. After the Düsseldorf performance in 1956, three more houses brought the gloomy piece to their stage.

content

1

Around 1530 in an imperial-free German city: the beauty of Felicia Garbe, daughter of the late Senator Amsing, is widely celebrated. Her husband, the 51-year-old Mayor Magnus Garbe, "a good Catholic Christian", "is the most splendid and powerful man in town". His father had served his princely grace, the bishop of the diocese, for thirty-six years. The mayor used most of the fortune that Felicia had brought into the marriage, apart from “the wonderful old Amsing house”, for charitable purposes. This earned him the nickname " father of the poor" among the needy .

Then the holy papal tribunal moves into the city in the form of Dominican monks . When the Canes Domini, priests in a white robe, the poor little tailor who is well known in the city and who cannot cloud any water, stretch them, tear them with red-hot pliers and drive stakes under their nails, the mayor intervenes. The Lord's Dogs, led by Monk Paulus Gislandus, Chief Justice of the Doctrine of the Faith, respond promptly. The mob penetrated the house of the baker Meulin, threw the furniture out the window, tied the housewife Dorothea Meulin and the Dominicans dragged her to the neck . Dorothea Meulin, former nurse and nurse the small Felicia Amsing is stretched in floor house in the city for so long on the rack until it admits the woman Mayor Felicia Garbe was a witch.

2

At the next opportunity, when the mayor has just left the city, his heavily pregnant wife “Felicia is dragged out of the house with the hoot of the big pile in bed”, arrested in the Buddy Tower and tortured. In custody she gives birth to her first child, a boy. When Magnus Garbe, who is close by - in front of the city gate - in his vineyard, learns of the misfortune, he suffers a stroke.

3

Three weeks later: Felicia should, "from were small on a witch Satan" as a weather witch with her newborn burned be. The crowd demands: "... we want to see the mayor burn ...". A new mayor is in office. First, the Amsinghaus is burned down. The comment of the Dominican Brother Thomas: "Rejoice ... when the wrath of God humiliates the pride of the mighty!"

Two bags of gold for the executioner and his bailiffs, given by Dr. Anselo, one of Magnus Garbe's friends, make it possible. The child is brought to safety and Magnus Garbe is allowed to spend the night before Felicias death by fire in prison with her.

Felicia “is dragging a heavy chain, which is fastened with rings around both wrists.” She reproduces sentences from the speech of the inquisitor to her address - for example: “It has been established by many reliable witnesses that you with unclean spirits at night in remote places Corners and fornication on lonely ways of the cross. ”Felicia regrets her poor nurse Dorothea Meulin. And Felicia recalls: “My jaws were split apart with iron tools. Confess! shouted the Father Inquisitor ... How can one confess who can neither bring teeth nor lips together! "

The stroke paralyzed Magnus Garbe's left side. The man who was drawn does not recognize his wife. Felicia says to him: “You, Magnus! Come on, lie down next to me. ”Then she asks him:“… don't touch me… dearest! I have burned holes on my breasts. A festering lump of bloody flesh is my right hand ... flee! ... They say they have found the stigma. "Thereupon Magnus Garbe denies God and promises Felicia:" ... tomorrow you will be with me in Pardiese. "So it happens: Magnus stays with his wife. The jug of poisoned wine that the executioner's maid gave them is effective. Neither of them wake up again after the drink - hugging each other tightly.

Other premieres

reception

  • February 2, 1956, in the mirror : "I bet you went to heaven" . A preliminary remark and a scene for the world premiere of “Magnus Garbe” in Düsseldorf
  • February 8, 1956, in the Spiegel : Hauptmann premiere. The bitterest tragedy
  • 1995, Leppmann: Gerhart Hauptmann, who wrote the text in 1915, recognized the essence of the world war fairly early on - the "bestiality of man-in-the-mass".

literature

Book editions

First edition:
  • Magnus Sheaf. Tragedy. S. Fischer, Berlin 1942
Output used:
  • Magnus Sheaf. Tragedy. P. 824–876 in Gerhard Stenzel (Ed.): Gerhart Hauptmanns works in two volumes. Volume II. 1072 pages. Verlag Das Bergland-Buch, Salzburg 1956 (thin print)

Secondary literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ The relevant legislation of Emperor Friedrich II. - formerly initiated by the Pope - is more than three hundred years old (Edition used, p. 830, 3rd issue).
  2. ↑ Canes Domini - pun on Dominican : Dogs of the Lord.
  3. ↑ Paulus Gislandus is only spoken of in the play.
  4. ↑ The region groans, allegedly bewitched by Felicia, in summer under a drought. After it is "judged", it rains in torrents.
  5. ^ Entry in the DB under: Nabholz, Hans: 1874 born. in Bachs near Zurich, died 1961 in Zurich, historian.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Marx, p. 261, 4. Zvo
  2. ^ Entry with Felix Bloch Erben
  3. ↑ Sprengel anno 2004, p. 471, 23. Zvo
  4. ↑ Marx, pp. 260-261; See also the editor's notes in the edition used, pp. 820–821
  5. ↑ Edition used, p. 865, 19. Zvu
  6. ↑ Edition used, p. 874, 11. Zvu
  7. ↑ Edition used, p. 872, 14th Zvu
  8. ↑ Edition used, p. 874, 9. Zvo
  9. ↑ Leppmann, p. 310, above
  10. ^ First edition S. Fischer, Berlin 1942