Manasse autumn

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Manasse Herbst (born November 1, 1913 in Galicia , Austria-Hungary , † January 3, 1997 in Hallandale , Florida , USA ) was a German-speaking actor and singer. His relationship with the German "tennis baron" Gottfried von Cramm , the most popular tennis player of his time, was the cause of a 1938 court case and a conviction of Cramms, which took place with great international sympathy.

Life

As a child, the fall of 1920 was seen in the film drama Papa Haydn (director: Karl Frey ) as a young Joseph Haydn . In 1926 he had a supporting role in The Son of Hannibal , directed by Felix Basch .

From 1930 to 1932, Herbst, directed by Erik Charell , played 416 performances in the play Im Weisse Rößl on the stage of the Theater der 5000 , the great theater in Berlin on Schiffbauerdamm, the forerunner of the Friedrichstadtpalast .

Erik Charell's revue staging of the White Horse Inn with a very opulent and elaborate stage design by Ernst Stern , which today is considered the first musical ever, or at least a musical forerunner, was a highlight of the Weimar Republic . It contained unambiguous ironic (including gay) allusions and portrayed the militaristic-violent existence and the bourgeois-peaceful appearance of the first German democracy. The Piccolo (waiter's apprentice) embodied by Herbst, for example, had to endure constant physical aggression. Despite its success, the staging was fought in this form "because of disrespectful handling of folklore" by the National Socialists and banned as degenerate from 1933 , also because several Jews were involved in it.

In 1931, the seventeen-year-old Herbst met the twenty-one-year-old nobleman von Cramm, who had been married for a year, in the Berlin nightclub " Eldorado ", when he was at the beginning of his world sporting career. The two were in a relationship until Herbst was forced to emigrate and tried to keep in touch afterwards, made more difficult by the Gestapo and the Second World War . Gottfried von Cramm helped his friend to emigrate and thus ultimately to survive the Shoah through financial donations that were illegal at the time.

In 1933, Herbst's engagement at the Großer Schauspielhaus was terminated due to his Jewish origins. Because of the nationwide ban on Jewish artists and Jews from other professions , he emigrated to Lisbon in 1936 , but was unable to find work there due to a lack of Portuguese language skills. He therefore traveled on to Paris in 1937 , where he initially lived with his brother. From there he wrote a letter from Cramm, which Cramm received during his stay in Australia, where he took part in a tennis tournament. Gottfried von Cramm therefore had the hope of being able to meet Manasse in Paris in autumn 1938, if he would take part in the Tournoi de Roland Garros there himself . However, that did not happen.

As early as April 1937, von Cramm had been questioned by the Gestapo about his relationship with Manasse Herbst for offenses under Section 175 RStGB, which was tightened by the Nazis in 1935 . On March 5, 1938, von Cramm was arrested, charged and sentenced to one year imprisonment for his relationship with Herbst. In court, von Cramm tried to protect himself from further charges of foreign currency offenses by claiming extortion on the part of Herbst and dated the duration of his relationship with Herbst to the time before the Nazi punishment increased. The prison sentence imposed on von Cramm was suspended after seven months.

After the end of the Second World War, the meanwhile married Manasse Herbst traveled to Germany to thank Gottfried von Cramm for saving his life. Manasse Herbst last lived in Hallandale, Broward County, in the US state of Florida. He died there at the age of 83.

Filmography

stage

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Loved above all . In: Der Spiegel from August 13, 1990, from: spiegel.de, accessed on March 16, 2016
  2. ↑ Papa Haydn on Filmportal.de, accessed on March 19, 2016
  3. ^ The son of Hannibal (1926) on: filmportal.de, accessed on March 19, 2016
  4. ^ Clinton Elliott: The Intimate Lives of Gay Men Past and Present. Author House 2014, p. Chapter Gottfried von Cramm. ISBN 978-1-481765-09-1
  5. ↑ Im weissen Rössl 1930 at: walter.jankuhn.2fix.de, accessed on March 21, 2016
  6. ↑ Marshall Jon Fisher: Photos from the book I Play for My Life. Gottfried von Cramm and the best tennis match of all time . From: marshalljonfisher.wordpress.com, accessed March 16, 2016
  7. ↑ Detlef Grumbach: Fate between sport, sexuality and politics: Jon Marshall Fisher: "I play for my life", Osburg-Verlag . Review on Deutschlandfunk , July 27, 2009.
  8. ↑ Axel Schock , Karen-Susan Fessel : Out! 800 famous lesbian, gay and bisexuals . Querverlag Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89656-111-1 , p. 71.
  9. ^ Marshall Jon Fisher: A Terrible Splendor - Three Extraordinary Men, a World Poised for War, and the Greatest Tennis Match Ever Played . Crown / Archetype 2009. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-30745214-6 . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  10. ↑ Elizabeth Wilson: Love Game - A History of Tennis, from Victorian Pastime to Global Phenomenon . Serpent's Tail 2014, p. ISBN 978-1-846689-10-9 .
    Intact among Nazi zombies . In: Die Tageszeitung (taz), September 8, 2009, accessed on March 16, 2016.
  11. ↑ Maximilian Schmeckel: On the anniversary of Gottfried von Cramm's death: Tennis Baron under the swastika . On: Spox.com , November 9, 2015, accessed March 16, 2016.
    Bettina Lenner: Tennis Baron von Cramm: Triumph of Character . ndr.de , July 1, 2015, accessed on March 16, 2016
  12. ↑ Ralf Klee: Game, jail - and no victory . one day on Spiegel Online , July 3, 2009, accessed on March 16, 2016.
  13. ↑ Manasse autumn . From: FindMyPast.com, accessed April 13, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Autumn, Manasse
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-American actor and singer
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Galicia , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH January 3, 1997
Place of death Hallandale , Florida , USA