Marcus Gualtherus

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Wolfgang Marcus Gualtherus (* probably around 1580 in Weinheim ; buried on April 22, 1642 in Friedrichstadt ) was rector in Kampen and, as a religious refugee, city secretary in Friedrichstadt.

Live and act

Coat of arms of Wolfgang Marcus Gualtherus, drawing in his family book (Weinheim, 1600)
Entry by Konrad von der Vorst in the Gualtherus register. Vorst died in 1622 while emigrating in Tönning .

Marcus Gualtherus was a son of Franciscus Walter. His mother's name is not known. According to his studbook , he probably moved to Zweibrücken at the end of 1595 and on to Hornbach in 1596 , where he attended a grammar school. There is evidence that he lived in Heidelberg from the end of 1598 and received a master's degree there in December 1599. By the autumn of 1602, he presumably completed a theology degree at Heidelberg University. There is evidence that he lived in Kampen for the first time in 1604. On October 7, 1604, he received a position as vice principal of the Latin school there . In 1606 he was promoted to headmaster of the school.

In April 1608 Gualtherus married in Vollenhove Aeltjen (Aelke, Aleijda) Wolfsen (baptized August 8, 1583 in Zwolle ), who was still alive in 1639. She was the daughter of the rent master Johan Wolfsen and his wife Helena Vos. The Gualtherus couple had six children. Due to the high reputation of the father of the family, the Kampen magistrate granted the entire family citizenship in 1617 . As a Remonstrant , Gualtherus conducted a written discussion of predestination with his fellow student Johannes Urbanus . The community of Kampen, which was considered the stronghold of the Remonstrants at the time, elected him in 1617 as the community elder. As such, he attended the Provincial Synod in Vollenhove in 1618. After the counter-demonstrators had prevailed at the Dordrecht Synod , Gualtherus had to give up church offices in August 1619. At the end of the same year he was also dismissed as headmaster of the school against the will of the residents. He initially continued to live in Kampen, but was taken prisoner in 1621. The reason for this was an overthrow of the Kampen government on the basis of well-founded allegations of having had secret contacts with the exiled Remonstrant leaders Johan Uyttenbogaert , Conrad Vorstius and Simon Episcopius . Due to supposed blasphemy, Gualtherus had to leave the city.

Gualtherus then moved to Elburg . The Kamper magistrate continued to exert pressure on him, but could not prevent him from living there in isolation for a long time. He tried unsuccessfully to get his papers confiscated in Kampen and lived in Hoorn in June 1622 . A short time later he moved to Friedrichstadt, which was founded in 1621 as a free city, especially for remonstrants. At the funeral of Conrad Vorstius , who, like him, had emigrated to the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf after the Dordrecht Synod , he gave the funeral oration . The Remonstrant Church in Friedrichstadt was built over his grave .

Gualtherus was appointed rector of the presumably not large Latin school in Friedrichstadt and received his first salary on July 29, 1624. He represented a consortium that wanted to dike a piece of foreshore on the island of Nordstrand . Duke Friedrich III. left the area to Gualtherus for a larger sum of money. However, the project was never realized. On April 4, 1625, Gualtherus became city and court secretary of Friedrichstadt. In addition, he continued to lead the Latin school. On July 23, 1628 he also took over the postmaster's office and dispatching the messengers to Hamburg.

In June 1631 a magistrate came into force in Friedrichstadt. Gualtherus should then draw up the draft of a town charter. He should combine Dutch and local law. The reason for this were concessions to the largely Dutch settlers that the law with which they were familiar was applied in Friedrichstadt. In October 1631, Gualtherus presented a first version in High German, which the ducal chancellery was supposed to revise and confirm. The town charter drawn up by Gualtherus came into effect on March 22, 1633 and appeared in printed form in a Dutch version in 1635. It was the most extensive codification of a city law of the duchies with the complete civil, commercial, criminal and procedural law and the city constitutional and administrative law. Compared to numerous legal texts of this time, in which the author is not named, the work known by Gualtherus offers the opportunity to trace his work steps in detail based on his sources. He used the city charter of Amsterdam, Leiden, Lübeck , Hamburg and Husum, the case law of the provisional government of Friedrichstadt, literature of Roman law and numerous other legal literature.

Gualtherus' son Johannes succeeded his father in office in 1642 and died in 1652.

Works

  • De Vita Et Obitu Reverendi, Clarissimi & doctissimi viri, Dn. Conradi Vorstii SS. Theologiae Doctoris, qui pie & placide expiravit Tonningae, 29 Septemb: Anni 1622. & postridie Calend. Octobr. honorifice in nova Holsatiae Fridericopoli terrae mandatus est. 1624
  • Policy Court Ordeninghe end of city law: Het welcke Van Godes genaden, wy Frederick, Erve tot Norway, Hertogh tot Sleyswigh, Holsteyn, Stormarn end of Ditmarschen, Grave tot Oldenborgh end Delmenhorst, & c. Onse Stadt Fredericks-Stadt, na rijpe overweginge van sacken in straight against, end confirmed lifted; [Ghegeven op onser Slot Gottorp, 20. Martii: Anno 1633.] 1635
Digitized , Herzog August Library

literature

  • Willi Schnoor, Dieter Lohmeier: Gualtherus, Marcus . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , pages 100-102.

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ His register is in the Royal Library of the Netherlands under the shelf number 133 L 8. According to the database Repertorium Alborum Amicorum of the University of Erlangen.
  2. ^ A b Willi Schnoor, Dieter Lohmeier: Gualtherus, Marcus . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 100.
  3. ^ Willi Schnoor, Dieter Lohmeier: Gualtherus, Marcus . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , pages 100-101.
  4. ^ A b c Willi Schnoor, Dieter Lohmeier: Gualtherus, Marcus . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 101.
personal data
SURNAME Gualtherus, Marcus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gualtherus, Wolfgang Marcus (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rector in Kampen and, as a religious refugee, city secretary in Friedrichstadt
DATE OF BIRTH uncertain: around 1580
PLACE OF BIRTH Weinheim
DATE OF DEATH buried April 22, 1642
Place of death Friedrichstadt