Assumption of Mary (Türkheim)
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The Roman Catholic parish church of the Assumption of Mary is an essentially late Gothic, Baroque hall church in Türkheim in the Swabian district of Unterallgäu . It belongs to the parish community Türkheim in the deanery Mindelheim of the diocese of Augsburg .
History and architecture
The late Gothic building from the second half of the 15th century was rebuilt in 1678 by Johann Schmuzer and redesigned in Baroque style, with the nave ceiling being renewed and the side chapels supposedly added between the buttresses of the three eastern nave bays. In 1687, Thomas Natter added the top floor to the tower. In 1732 Michael Stiller redesigned the choir and rebuilt the sacristy . In 1873, the interior was drastically changed in neo-Romanesque forms under Ludwig Leybold . In the years 1938–1947 the baroque interior was restored.
The Gothic exterior is uniformly structured by buttresses and cloverleaf arch friezes on lily-shaped consoles. Halfway up the nave, rows of chapels were built on both sides, each opening outwards in the second axis from the west as a ribbed sign . Only the towering southern tower of the probably originally planned twin tower complex has been completed; the six lower square floors from the 14th century are structured with a German ribbon and various arched friezes, on the upper part, which was raised in the 15th century, with cloverleaf arch friezes. The topmost tower from the Baroque period is structured with corner pilasters and ends with a balustrade between pedestals with small tent roofs; in the middle there is a square attachment, also with a tent roof. The square substructure of the unfinished north tower probably dates from the second half of the 15th century and extends to the approach of the nave; the former sacristy is housed in the star-vaulted basement .
The interior is exceptionally broadly proportioned and could originally have been designed as a three-aisled Gothic basilica with side chapels, but this is not certain. The double west gallery dates from 1823. The room is closed off by a wide, arched , basket-shaped barrel vault with stitch caps over a pilaster structure from 1678 and is an early example of a slatted ceiling. The shallow side chapels, which are open to the nave with round arched arcades, are closed with transverse barrel vaults. The retracted choir adjoins to the east, in the western part, which is somewhat narrower due to the protruding tower walls, a transversely oval, flat pendentive dome from 1732 and oratorios are built in, the wider eastern yokes are provided with a steep needle cap barrel with a three-sided end. There is a barrel-vaulted crypt under the choir.
The stucco of the chapels was carried out in 1678 by Johann Schmuzer and Matthias Schmuzer the Younger. The remaining stucco dates from 1946 and were reconstructed in the choir according to the old, only outlined forms of Stiller and Johann Michael Feichtmayer the Younger from 1732, in the nave after Johann Schmuzer's stucco in the parish church of Pfreimd . The frescoes painted in 1732/1733 by the local painter Johann Andreas Bergmüller could be exposed again. In the choir they show themes from the life of Mary and Marian symbols and in the choir dome the worship of the name Jesus by the continents and by the church fathers.
Furnishing
The neo-baroque interior dates from 1940–1948. In the choir hang the Nazarene altarpieces by Johannes Kaspar from Obergünzburg from the years 1870/1873. Today's side altar paintings were painted by Gertrud Drexel from Türkheim in 1948 (death of Josef, right) and 1958 (St. Helena found the cross, left). In the crypt under the choir there is a grave Christ from the middle of the 13th century.
The painful savior and the Mater Dolorosa on the high altar, the Salvator and St. Nepomuk on the arch to the chancel and the dungeon savior in the northern sign are probably from the Türkheim sculptor's workshops in the 18th century (Ignaz Hillenbrand, 1740). As a model, the sculptor used a picture that the Irsee Father Magnus Remy had painted based on the vision of the holy Crescentia of Kaufbeuren . St. Benno on a right pillar (Martin Beichel, around 1680) comes from the Benno Chapel, built by Johann Schmuzer in 1681 and demolished in 1807. The organ is a work by Dieter Schingnitz from 1999 with 25 stops on two manuals and pedal .
Surroundings
South of the church is a war memorial chapel from 1957 with a crucifixion group from 1505/1510 housed in it; the associated assistant figures are attributed to Hans Herlin. The church stands on a fortified cemetery, the walls of which date from the late 15th century and were renovated in 1832. The north and south-east corner towers are built into the houses Johann-Georg-Bergmüller-Straße 11 and Kirchenstraße 7 . Only the south-western tower, which forms the core of the gate building at Kirchenstrasse 3 , which Johann Georg Ege brought into its current form in 1789, is completely preserved . This is a three-storey complex with three axes, the wider central axis of which was provided with a round arched gate and a crowning triangular gable. On the south side there is a plaster structure, renewed in 1969, by means of silhouette-like pilasters and drilled window frames, vases with boards and garlands are set up above the windows. To the north there is a lower connecting building to the church, built in 1690, the so-called figure house ( Kirchenstrasse 2 ), which was converted into a school in 1805 and extended.
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria III: Swabia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03116-6 , pp. 1022-1023.
- Alois Epple: Türkheim - Parish Church - Capuchin Church - Loreto Chapel. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2013, ISBN 978-3-89870-789-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved March 17, 2020 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 3 '46.7 " N , 10 ° 38' 26.6" E