Marianne Crux

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Marianne Crux (actually Maria Anna Antonia Crux , born November 21, 1772 in Mannheim , † probably after 1807 ) was a German singer, violinist and pianist.

Life

Marianne Crux was the daughter of the dancer couple Peter and Johanna Antonia Crux. Her mother was born Habert and died when Marianne Crux was a toddler. In 1782 Marianne Crux moved to Munich with her father .

According to Lipowsky , she was trained by the singer Dorothea Wendling and piano master Strizl in Mannheim, among others ; her violin teacher in Munich is said to have been Friedrich Eck . Leopold Mozart mentioned in a letter to his daughter that Marianne Crux was a student of Ignaz Fränzl . At the beginning of 1787, Marianne Crux went to Prague accompanied by her aunt and with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , where she performed either with or alongside Mozart on January 22nd. From there she drove to Berlin, Hamburg and Göttingen. Manfred Wagner reports about the trip to Prague arriving on January 11, 1787: “Mozart's wife, future brother-in-law Franz Hofer and clarinetist Anton Paul Stadler and also the wife of Mannheim clarinetist Michael Qualenberg, Elisabeth Barbara, traveled with Mozart Mannheim and her niece knew the young violinist Marianne Crux. Finally, the violinist of the Munich court orchestra Kaspar Ramlo and the servant Josef sat in the car. "

In 1787, according to Lipowsky and other sources, Marianne Crux performed before Emperor Joseph II in Vienna and presented herself there as a singer, violinist and pianist; In 1790 she accompanied her father to Berlin , where she also received applause. She later performed in Mainz , Frankfurt and other cities and finally stayed in Mannheim for a long time. Peter Crux then wanted to find her a job as a court singer in Munich, which she refused in order to continue on tour accompanied by her aunt, Madame Qualenberg. She has performed in London , Copenhagen and Stockholm, among others . In the latter city, according to Lipowsky, she married a Swedish engineer officer named Gilbert. After that even Peter Crux is said to have lost sight of his daughter; In 1807 nothing was known about her whereabouts and her further fate.

Ernst Ludwig Gerber's Lexikon der Tonkünstler contains some information about “Demoiselle Crux” that deviates from Lipowsky's presentation. According to Gerber, the appearances in Berlin did not take place until 1792; in addition, Marianne Crux married a Mr. Hollmann in her first marriage and performed under this name in Mainz from 1797. But it could also be that after the trip to Berlin she married a Holstein nobleman and turned away from music.

The musical conversation lexicon by Mendel / Reissmann follows Lipowsky when it comes to the year of the trip to Berlin, but names the Swedish husband Gelbert and claims that Marianne Crux turned up again in Hamburg in 1807 .

literature

  • Pia and Pino Mlakar: Immortal Theater Dance. 300 years of ballet history at the Munich Opera. Volume 1: From the beginning around 1650 to 1860 . Florian Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 1992, ISBN 3-7959-0524-9 , p. 123 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ so Pia and Pino Mlakar: Immortal Theater Dance. 300 years of ballet history at the Munich Opera. Volume 1: From the beginning around 1650 to 1860 . Florian Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 1992, ISBN 3-7959-0524-9 , p. 123. According to BMLO (see web links), her mother's name is Franziska Antoine and she should have had three other children.
  2. ↑ Pia and Pino Mlakar: Immortal Theater Dance. 300 years of ballet history at the Munich Opera. Volume 1: From the beginning around 1650 to 1860 . Florian Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 1992, ISBN 3-7959-0524-9 , p. 126
  3. ↑ a b Felix Joseph Lipowsky, Baierisches Musik-Lexikon , Munich 1811, p. 60 f.
  4. ↑ a b Biographie Crux 'on www.sophie-drinker-institut.de
  5. ↑ Manfred Wagner, European cultural history. Lived, thought, conveyed , Böhlau 2009, ISBN 978-3205777540 , p. 761
  6. ↑ The spellings of this name vary in the different sources; there are also the versions Quallenberg and Quaalenberg.
  7. ↑ The biography on www.sophie-drinker-institut.de solves this puzzle in that Marianne Crux has performed several times in Berlin.
  8. ↑ According to the biography on www.sophie-drinker-institut.de , this first marriage took place in 1794.
  9. ↑ Ernst Ludwig Gerber, New historical-biographical lexicon of the Tonkünstler, which provides news of the life and works of musical writers, famous composers, singers, masters of instruments, artful amateurs, music publishers, also organ and instrument makers, older and more recent times all nations , Volume 1, Leipzig 1812, Col. 829
  10. ^ Musical Conversations Lexicon. An encyclopedia of the entire musical sciences for educated people of all classes established by Hermann Mendel. Completed by August Reissmann, Vol. 1, Leipzig 1890
personal data
SURNAME Crux, Marianne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Crux, Maria Anna Antonia; Hollmann, Marianne; Gelbert, Marianne; Gilbert, Marianne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German singer, violinist and pianist
DATE OF BIRTH November 21, 1772
PLACE OF BIRTH Mannheim
DATE OF DEATH after 1807