Marie Krøyer

Marie Krøyer's self-portrait (around 1900)

Marie Krøyer: Nude picture of a seated boy (1887)

Maria (Marie) Martha Mathilde Krøyer (born June 11, 1867 in Frederiksberg as Maria Martha Mathilde Triepcke , also Triepke ; † May 25, 1940 in Stockholm ) was a Danish painter and architect .

Life

Maria Martha Mathilde Triepcke was born in 1867 as the daughter of the weaving mill director Wilhelm August Eduard Max Triepcke and Minna (also Mina) Augusta Kindler and grew up in Copenhagen . Her parents were German. Since the Kunstakademiets Kunstskole for Kvinder only opened access to study for women in 1888, she took private lessons at a drawing school with Carl Thomsen . She considered opening a painting school, but then traveled to Paris in 1888, where she studied painting with Gustave Courtois , Alfred Philippe Roll and Puvis de Chavannes .

Interior with Marie Krøyer by Peder Severin Krøyer. 1889

As early as 1887 she was the 16-year-old Peder Severin Krøyer for En Duet , whom she met again in Paris and married on July 23, 1889 in Augsburg , where her parents were living at the time. On her honeymoon in Italy, Marie Krøyer developed typhus , which physically threw her back when she was painting. Back in Denmark in 1891, the couple settled in the Skagen district of Vesterby, where both belonged to the group of Skagen painters .

Marie Krøyer took part in Den frie Udstilling ("The Free Exhibition") in 1891, along with befriended painter couple Agnes and Harald Slott-Møller , Johan Rohde and JF Willumsen .

Krøyer worked hard, but found that a breakthrough was too difficult, even though she had a well-known painter by her side. In her generation of women painters, she paved the way for future generations of women. Her self-criticism was harsh, but her sense of color and aesthetic subtleties of her Impressionist style was undisputed. Fransk Markedsplads, ("French Market Place") is a naturalistic painting from 1898 and the last of their 20 registered.

Marie Krøyer: Interior with a sewing girl (undated)

She was also inspired by the English designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh , who led her to design furniture for her home in Skagen and for Bergensgade in Copenhagen, which can now be found in the collection of the National Museum. It was also influenced by artists such as William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones , members of The Arts and Crafts Movement, which dealt with art itself as well as with handicrafts and furniture and thus protested against industrialization in the area.

In 1895 she had her first daughter Vibeke (January 5, 1895-29 April 1985). Her husband became mentally ill in 1900 and had to be admitted to the mental hospital in Middelfart , which brought her artistic work to a temporary end. When he was feeling better, they traveled to Germany.

While her husband had errands to do in Paris in 1902, Marie Krøyer traveled alone to Taormina , Sicily . Here she fell in love with the five years younger Swedish composer and choirmaster Hugo Alfvén , whereupon she asked her husband for a divorce. This, however, invited Alfvèn to Skagen, where he arrived in the summer of 1904 with a composition Midsommarvaka, which became known as svensk rapsodi ("Swedish rhapsody"). In 1905, Marie Krøyer von Alfvén was expecting a daughter ( Margita ), whereupon Krøyer consented to the divorce. Her first daughter Vibeke turned away from her after the divorce and turned to her father. Alfvén did not yet marry Marie Krøyer, however, because he feared that his career as a choir director in Uppsala would be harmed by the fact that he had cut off the wife of the well-known Danish artist.

She lived with Alfvén on Lake Siljan in Tällberg , Sweden , where she created her main work, Alfvénsgården (“Alfvéns Hof”) as an architect . There she built buildings around the courtyard in the style of the region that reflected her sense of beauty.

Although she soon found out that Alfvén had cheated on her from the start, she married him in 1912 because she did not want her two children to grow up without a father, as she wrote in a letter to her friend Agnes Slott-Møller. The marriage was not a happy one, and in 1928 her husband wanted a divorce, which she initially refused. However, as their relationship continued to deteriorate, they were divorced in 1936. The daughter Margita received Alfvénsgården. Marie Krøyer spent her last years alone in Stockholm . She died in 1940 and was buried in the Leksand churchyard . Her daughter Vibeke was buried at her side after her death.

literature

Lise Svanholm (eds.): Agnes and Marie: breve mellem Agnes Slott-Møller and Marie Krøyer 1885-1937 . Gyldendal, Copenhagen 1991, ISBN 87-01-18530-6 .
Jacob Thage (ed.): Portrætter fra et ægteskab: Marie og PS Krøyer . Eq. Holtegaard, 1997, ISBN 87-88499-28-6 .
Anastassia and Tonni Arnold: Ballads om Marie: en biografi om Marie Krøyer . Lindhardt og Ringhof, Copenhagen 1999, ISBN 87-595-1149-4 .
Lise Svanholm: Marie Krøyer (1867–1940), Krøyer, Marie Martha Mathilde. In: Jytte Larsen; et al. (Ed.): Dansk kvindebiografisk leksikon . 1st edition. tape 2 : Karen Hannover – Ann-Sofi Norin. . Rosinante, Copenhagen 2001, ISBN 87-7357-486-4 , pp. 597 (Danish, kvinfo.dk ).
Mette Bøgh Jensen: Marie Krøyer Alfvén: painter, tegninger, design . Ed .: Martin Olin. Leksands Kunstmuseum, Leksand 2004, ISBN 91-631-6931-2 .

filming

In 2012, Bille August filmed the artist's life under the title Marie Krøyer with Birgitte Hjort Sørensen in the title role and Søren Sætter-Lassen as Peder Severin Krøyer. It is based on the biography of Anastassia Arnold.

Web links

Commons : Marie Krøyer - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Alfvén, Hugo Emil . In: Göran Lindblad (ed.): Vem är det. Svensk biografisk handbok 1925 . 7th year PA Norstedt & Söners Förlag, 1924, ISSN 0347-3341 , p. 12 (Swedish, runeberg.org - in the entry there: Maria Martha Mathilda Triepcke ).
↑ DNB entry on Marie Krøyer with alternative names. Retrieved June 20, 2010 .
^ Sigurd Müller : Krøyer, Peter Severin . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 9 : Jyde – Køtschau . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1895, p. 587–589 (Danish, runeberg.org - here p. 589 section: Marriage to Marie Triepcke in 1889).
^ Elisabeth Fabritius : The Denmark of the artist colonies. The Skagen painters, the Funen painters, the Bornholm painters, the Odsherred painters. DuMont, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7701-1847-2 , p. 32.

personal data
SURNAME	Krøyer, Marie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Triepcke, Maria Martha Mathilde (maiden name); Kroyer, Marie; Kroyer, Maria Martha Mathilde; Triepke, Marie Martha Mathilde; Kroeyer, Marie
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Danish painter and architect
DATE OF BIRTH	June 11, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH	Frederiksberg
DATE OF DEATH	May 25, 1940
Place of death	Stockholm

[vemardet-1] Alfvén, Hugo Emil . In: Göran Lindblad (ed.): Vem är det. Svensk biografisk handbok 1925 . 7th year PA Norstedt & Söners Förlag, 1924, ISSN 0347-3341 , p. 12 (Swedish, runeberg.org - in the entry there: Maria Martha Mathilda Triepcke ).

[2] DNB entry on Marie Krøyer with alternative names. Retrieved June 20, 2010 .

[3] Sigurd Müller : Krøyer, Peter Severin . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 9 : Jyde – Køtschau . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1895, p. 587–589 (Danish, runeberg.org - here p. 589 section: Marriage to Marie Triepcke in 1889).

[4] Elisabeth Fabritius : The Denmark of the artist colonies. The Skagen painters, the Funen painters, the Bornholm painters, the Odsherred painters. DuMont, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7701-1847-2 , p. 32.