Marienkapelle (Ensmannsreut)
The Marienkapelle near Ensmannsreut is a field chapel built in 1708 and renovated from 1997 to 1998, south of the village of Ensmannsreut in the municipality of Waldkirchen in the Freyung-Grafenau district in Lower Bavaria .
history
Founding legend
An essential element of baroque popular piety was the foundation of chapels, columns of torture or statues in the hallway, small places of worship, which often became the target of processions and sometimes developed into places of pilgrimage.
Some of the 10 farmers in the village of Ensmannsreut in the Waldkirchen parish towards the end of the 17th century had "betrothed and promised that a brick figure or column of torture would be set up on the Khürchweg through their traidt fields and erected so that previous disto before devotion could be moved, Almighty God also wanted to protect their dear crops from all harmful un-hermaphrodites ... “ The realization of this project was delayed for unknown reasons - and the farmers died. Years later, their descendants saw "at times at night a number of Liechter on this Kürchweg, sometimes two, even three Liechtl pacing up and down and wherever the column of torture should have come, disappear again" . This seemed to them as a warning to the deceased to build the promised column of torture.
The Ensmannsreuter presented their wish to their pastor in Waldkirchen, Sebastian Bayrst. On January 25, 1708, he turned to the Passau prince-bishop , who at that time represented not only the ecclesiastical but also the secular authorities in this area, and asked for permission to build a small place of worship next to the old church path from Ensmannsreut to Waldkirchen. On March 22, 1708, Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp Graf von Lamberg gave permission to erect a “Veldt figure or walls on open Kürchweg and its Traydt grounds” , but without “Stokh or sacrificial pixies” . The Ensmannsreuter did not build a torture or statue column, but a small chapel in which they set up a wooden figure of Mary, a copy of the Black Mother of God of Altötting , and performed their devotions.
Renovation in 1749
This "small Feldt-Capeln, inside with a carved picture nut, presented to Mariae Öetting, with whom the people of the village also lay the rosary every Saturday" , was dilapidated after 40 years. The pastor in charge, Dean Johannes Antonius Loraghi, Waldkirchen's most important pastor (1746–1779), under whom the churches and chapels of the market and the surrounding area were given a remarkably high-quality redesign, also took on the field chapel at Ensmannsreut. On behalf of the village community, he asked Prince Bishop Joseph Dominikus Graf von Lamberg for permission to have the chapel rebuilt and slightly larger, for which the Ensmannsreuter promised to give the land and the money and also to take over the future maintenance. However, the bishop, averse to all “side churches”, only approved a repair of the chapel on June 5, 1747 “on the parish's own expenses, thus without payment or disadvantage of the mother or affiliate churches” , which according to his will “in statu quo and without expansion ” should remain. The commissioned, art-loving dean Loraghi was disappointed, but had the chapel repaired and decorated with frescoes , possibly created by the painter Johann Matthias Siler from Salzburg , who was then commissioned by Loraghis in Waldkirchen . or created his assistants. The granite lintel of the chapel still shows the year 1749, the year the renovation work was completed.
interior
Probably still at the time of Dean Loraghis, who founded the worship of the " Scourged Savior in the Wies" in his large parish , but certainly before 1794, a wooden copy of the miraculous image in the Wieskirche near Steingaden came to the Ensmannsreuter corridor chapel, which was then developed into a local pilgrimage site.
At the official basic registration in 1840, the community committee of the rural community Böhmzwiesel with its board member Mathias Kanamüller declared the chapel in the southern part of the large church field on the "Steinbuckel" as "lude-owned", i.e. free, "unthinkable property" of the village community consisting of 10 farmers Ensmannsreut. May services have also been held in the corridor chapel since 1930 .
The small stone building with its late Baroque frescoes, repeatedly painted over, depicting Saints Anthony of Padua , Stephanus and Sebastian on the left, Johannes von Nepomuk and Florian on the right , the coronation of Mary on the ceiling, became superficial several times, most recently under the Böhmzwiesel pastor Karl Grasser in 1955 mended. For decades, the Alois Ammerl and Josef Parockinger families in Ensmannsreut took care of the preservation of the chapel. At that time, the chapel contained two rough wooden figures, probably dating from the 18th century, but heavily painted over in a niche framed by shellwork at the top: above the Queen of Heaven from Altötting and below the Savior on the scourge column, the so-called Wies-Christ. On the walls there were numerous votive pictures on wood , also important for folk and traditional costumes , the oldest dating from 1794, 1798 and 1804. Maria Ambros from Waldkirchen-Bahnhof donated the little steel-engraved cross and the offering box around 1955. Unfortunately, in the summer of 1975, the old figure of the Virgin and the votive tablets (with the exception of the one from 1804) were stolen from the chapel. The oldest, now lost votive tablet from 1794 (still shown in color in the Wolfsteiner Landkreisbuch from 1968) showed the voter's family of nine praying at a sickbed in peasant costume, above the representations of the Mother of God from Altötting and the Scourged Savior from Wies.
Restoration 1997–1998
After the corridor chapel showed severe structural damage and was still to be preserved as a place of worship and cultural monument, the Ensmannsreut chapel association, which was originally only aiming to build a new village chapel and chaired by Ernst Stockinger, decided in 1994 to undertake a comprehensive renovation and restoration. In addition to the many personal contributions, over DM 75,000 had to be raised in cash. With the help of well-known grants, thanks to the efforts of Ensmannsreuter, the baroque corridor chapel was saved in 1997 and restored by the restorers Bernhard and Ludwina Kellhammer from Kellberg, with a shingle roof instead of the younger tiled roof . The Marienkapelle near Ensmannsreut was inaugurated on May 3, 1998.
The Ensmannsreuter Chapel is now part of the Böhmzwiesel Chapel Trail, along which 18 chapels, wayside crosses and statues can be visited in the vicinity of Böhmzwiesel in addition to the parish church . In the Freyung-Grafenau district, there are a few other baroque chapels in addition to the Marienkapelle, such as the Karolikapelle in Waldkirchen, the St. Koloman Chapel near Exenbach , the Wieskapelle near Wollaberg or the chapels in Unterseilberg and Schwendreut .
Sources and literature
- Archive of the Diocese of Passau, Ordinariatsarchiv, Pfarrei Waldkirchen I / 34.
- Waldkirchen parish archive, files I / 9.
- Land surveying office Freyung, liquidation protocols of the municipality of Böhmzwiesel: Ensmannsreut.
- Waldkirchen City Archives, Ensmannsreut Collection: Building description of the corridor chapel by Paul Praxl , 1965.
- Anton Prandstätter: Through Waldkirchen's old days. A home book. Waldkirchen 1925, p. 296: Chapel in Ensmannsreut (incorrect).
- Alfred Fuchs: Dean Johannes Antonius Loraghi and his relatives in Waldkirchen. Waldkirchen 1964.
- Handbook of the Diocese of Passau, as of August 1, 1981, Passau, p. 797: Village chapel near Ensmannsreut (with the wrong year of construction 1743).
- Passauer Neue Presse , issue FW, No. 191 of August 21, 1997, No. 276 of November 29, 1997.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chapel hiking trail Böhmzwiesel (PDF; 518 kB) with photo
- ^ Alfred Fuchs: painter and sculptor in Waldkirchen . In: The city of Waldkirchen . Waldkirchen 1972, p. 118: Johann Matthias Siler
- ↑ Office for Rural Development Lower Bavaria: Chapels - Evidence of Faith ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.1 MB) December 2006, p. 37 (picture)
- ^ Anton Neubauer: Volkstum. In: The Wolfstein district. Wolfstein 1968, pp. 202–203 (Ensmannsreuter votive panel from 1794)
Web links
- Kapellenverein with numerous pictures from the restoration 1997–1998
- Office for Rural Development of Lower Bavaria: Chapels - Testimonies of Faith (PDF; 2.1 MB) December 2006
Coordinates: 48 ° 45 ′ 58.1 ″ N , 13 ° 36 ′ 56.9 ″ E