Masud I of Ghazni

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coins of Masud I in the style of the Shahi (the name Masud is reproduced in Arabic script)

Masud I of Ghazni or Masʿūd (I.) ibn Maḥmūd (born 998 ; died January 17, 1041 ), actually Schihab ad-Daula Abu Said Masud ( Persian شهاب الدولة أبو سعيد مسعود, DMG Šihāb ad-Daula Abū Saʿīd Masʿūd ), was sultan of the Ghaznavid dynasty from 1030 to 1040 .

Ascent

During the lifetime of his famous father Mahmud , Masud had repeatedly proven himself to be a capable general and was appointed governor of Herat in 1020 . When Rey was conquered by the Buyids a few years later , Masud was also entrusted with this governorship and from here subjugated Isfahan and Hamadan . Receiving the news of the death of his father (1030), Masud immediately returned from Jibal , with the support of the army, wrested the rule from his twin brother Muhammad, the actual heir to the throne, and ordered that he be blinded and imprisoned. Only after Masud's death did Muhammad briefly come back to power.

Regency

Masud was addicted to alcohol and he lacked the diplomatic capacities of Mahmud. Nevertheless, he continued his father's campaigns in India and also pushed the Persian Buyids back further. For a short time (1033–34) he owned Kirman , but he lost Sistan to the Nasrids and Choresm in 1034 to the Altuntaschids . From a military point of view he was in a worse position than his father, at the time of whom there was no comrade of the same caliber in all of Persia. At the time, mounted as Masud I. the throne, however, began the Seljuks the Oxus to cross and gradually Khorasan occupy. Masud's resistance was not very successful.

Some important events of his reign:

  • 1031 Punitive expedition to Makran
  • 1033 Campaign to Kashmir
  • 1035 punitive expedition to Tabaristan ; Loss against the Seljuks at NASA
  • 1036 Conquest of the town of Hansi in the Siwalik Mountains
  • 1037 Merw is conquered by Tschaghri Beg .
  • 1038 Nishapur opens its gates to the Seljuks Ibrahim Inal , Rey is lost.
  • 1039 Masud defeats the Seljuks at Sarachs and retakes Herat and Nishapur.
  • 1040 The Seljuks defeat Masud in the battle of Dandanqan , whereby Khorasan (and all areas further west) are finally lost.

While Masud - now also expecting the loss of Ghazna - withdrew to India, some of his troops rebelled, murdered him and put his previously released brother Muhammad back on the throne. After a short time, however, Masud's son Maudud came to power.

literature

  • Mahomed Kasim Ferishta: History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, till the Year AD 1612 . 4 volumes. Reprinted from the London 1829 edition. Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, New Delhi 1981, persian.packhum.org .
predecessor Office successor
Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd Ruler of the Ghaznavids
1031-1040
Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd