Matthäikirche (Leipzig)
The Matthäikirche (so named in 1876; previously the Franciscan Church of the Holy Spirit , Barfüßerkirche and since 1699 New Church ) was a church in downtown Leipzig and was located at today's Matthäikirchhof 22/23.
history
After 1230 , the Franciscan monastery of the Holy Spirit ( Barefoot Monastery ) was founded on the former area of Libzi Castle , one of three fortresses of Margrave Dietrich . The first expansions of the simple hall church took place with the north aisle and Propsteig building as well as the monk choir at the end of the 13th and 14th centuries. From 1476 a complete late-Gothic redesign began with the construction of a new enclosure on the south side of the church . In 1488, the new building of the actual building began, the hall and the north aisle were replaced by a two-aisled hall church with star vaults . The consecration of the last eight altars of the new building took place in 1504 by the Merseburg bishop Thilo von Trotha .
In the course of the Reformation in 1539, the abolition of the monastery was ordered; Elector Moritz von Sachsen later sold the monastery and church to the city of Leipzig. The clearing of the site dragged on due to resistance from the monks until 1543. The enclosure was then redesigned into a residential building, and from 1552 the church building served as a storage room for the Leipzig merchants. On September 24, 1699, following efforts by the citizens of Leipzig, the church was consecrated again under the name Neukirche and opened for services, accompanied by extensions and renovations in the Baroque style . Michael Hoppenhaupt designed the new altar , the organ was built by Christoph Donat . A completely new roof turret was put on in 1703.
During his time as Thomaskantor (1723–1750) Johann Sebastian Bach also oversaw church music in the New Church. There, Choir III of the Thomas School sang simple motets and chorales without independent instrumental parts under the direction of the 3rd Prefect. Since 1704, the Collegium musicum, founded by Georg Philipp Telemann and led by Bach from 1729 to 1741, made music in the New Church on high holidays and during the three times of mass .
During the Napoleonic Wars , the church first served as a camp for Prussian prisoners of war (1806–1810) and later as a hospital (1813–1816).
In 1876 the Matthäigemeinde was founded, the New Church was elevated to a parish church and was named Matthäikirche . Between 1879 and 1880, major renovations were carried out in the neo-Gothic style by Oskar Mothes . The building was further renovated by Julius Zeißig between 1892 and 1894.
In 1897, the Leipzig real estate company approached the city of Leipzig with the Pro Patria project , due to the growth of the city at the time and the introduction of the sample fair a short time before, to demolish all old buildings west of Hainstrasse in Leipzig city center and replace them with new residential and Replace commercial building. The Matthäikirche would have been affected by this. The city rejected the proposal.
The church was destroyed in the bombing raid on December 4, 1943 . The last service took place in the ruins on August 1, 1948, after which the church was demolished. Around 1953, extensive archaeological investigations were carried out by Herbert Küas on the site, then the district administration of the Ministry for State Security was built with new buildings on the site of the monastery and the church . Since December 1998 the Matthäikirchdenkmal by the Leipzig artist Matthias Klemm has been a reminder of the former church in the Matthäikirchhof .
Data
the information relates to the building before it was destroyed in 1943
- Roof height: 35 m
- Roof rider : approx. 57 m
- Total length: approx. 49 m
- East and west gables: each approx. 22 m
literature
- Cornelius Gurlitt : Matthäikirche. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 17th booklet: City of Leipzig (Part I) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1895, p. 140.
- Cornelius Gurlitt : Barefoot Monastery. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 17th booklet: City of Leipzig (Part I) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1895, p. 239.
- Churches in Leipzig . Writings of the Leipzig History Association 2/1993. Sax-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-930076-02-4 , Beucha 1993.
- Heinrich Magirius (among others). City of Leipzig. The sacred buildings. With an overview of the urban development from its beginnings to 1989. Volume 1 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 978-3-422-00568-6 , pp. 679-697.
- Heinz-Jürgen Böhme : The Matthäikirchhof. Review before the new beginning , in: Leipziger Blätter 67 (2015), ISSN 0232-7244 , pp. 20-27.
Individual evidence
- ^ Christoph Wolff : Johann Sebastian Bach . Frankfurt / Main 2000, pp. 274f.
- ^ Pro Patria . Leipzig real estate company. Leipzig 1897. [14-page document with a plan for the redesign of the north-western part of Leipzig city center, Leipzig City History Museum, library, sign. IG 296]
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 29 ″ N , 12 ° 22 ′ 16 ″ E