Max shower weather

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Max Brausewetter (born May 27, 1867 in Stettin , † September 16, 1916 in Le Puy-en-Velay ) was a German doctor and writer.

Life

Max Brausewetter was the son of a Stettin merchant and his wife Natalie Saunier (1842–1927), a granddaughter of the playwright Louis Angely . He began his one-year voluntary military service on April 1, 1887, and was given reserve leave on September 30, 1887. He then studied medicine and received his doctorate from the University of Berlin in 1891 . As a junior physician, he rejoined the Prussian army in order to do the rest of his service. In total, he spent almost 9 years in the military. During this time he was transferred to various regiments and promoted. On April 3, 1897 he was finally in the 6th Baden Infantry Regiment Kaiser Friedrich III. 114 moved, combined with the promotion to the staff and battalion doctor. In June 1897 he fell ill with pleurisy, caused by daily business trips to the hospital 3 km away in the noticeably stormy and damp weather. After a 4-week stay in the hospital, he returned to work in early July 1897 with still minor chest pain. In October 1897, following a maneuver, there was profuse bleeding from the lungs. This was followed by a 6-month cure in Gardone-Riviera on Lake Garda, from where he reported back to the garrison on May 16, 1898. In October 1898 he developed right lung catarrh. This was followed by a 3-month stay in Bordighera on November 1, 1898, followed by several months of convalescence in Malaga . Towards the end of the 1-year release from service, he wrote from Malaga on October 5, 1899 to the regimental doctor i. D. Rothe wrote a letter in which he stated that his health had still not been restored despite the mild climate and asks for his release from active service in connection with the request to recognize his statutory pension. In a letter dated December 16, 1899, Kaiser Wilhelm II. From the Göhrde hunting lodge assured him that he would leave with the statutory pension . He settled in Málaga as a doctor. After the outbreak of the First World War he would like to work as a medical officer. D. to his fatherland and started a journey by ship from Barcelona to Genoa . During his scheduled stopover in Marseille , he was held there and interned as a prisoner of war. His camp stations were Château d'If , the island of Frioul off Marseille, Casabianda in Corsica, Uzès in the Gard department and finally the Roche Arnaud officers' camp in Le Puy-en-Velay . He died there on September 16, 1916. His final resting place is on the war cemetery in Dijon .

During his imprisonment, he wrote numerous letters, notes and a diary. His novel “J'accuse! (I accuse) Two years in French captivity “ is an edited summary of all documents in the form of a diary, which he was able to send home before his death. It was published posthumously in 1918. In 2015, Jean-Louis Spieser (born December 25, 1955) published a translation of the Brausewetterchen diary into French in Nîmes .

His older brother was the evangelical pastor and writer Artur Brausewetter . One son is the actor Hans Brausewetter .

Stations in the Prussian Army

Max Brausewetter spent a total of 8 years and 8 months in the Prussian Army . He joined the Guard Fusilier Regiment on April 1, 1887 as a one-year volunteer and was given leave on September 30, 1887 as a reserve. After successfully completing his doctorate in medicine, he joined the foot artillery regiment von Linger (East Prussian) No. 1 on October 1, 1891, in order to do the rest of his service. He provided this as a junior doctor until July 26, 1892. After that he was promoted to assistant doctor 2nd class and transferred to the Litthau Uhlan Regiment No. 12 . On September 21, 1893 there was another transfer to the 2nd Guard Dragoon Regiment. There he was promoted to first class assistant doctor on June 25, 1895. His last station in the Prussian Army was the 6th Baden Infantry Regiment Kaiser Friedrich III. No. 114. He was transferred there on April 3, 1897 and promoted to staff and battalion doctor.

J'accuse! (I accuse)

On August 24, 1914, Max Brausewetter set off with his wife and 16-year-old daughter in the direction of Genoa with a planned stopover in Marseille. Spanish, French and German authorities had issued travel documents and promised free travel.

When he arrived in Marseille, he was separated from his family. He and about 70 other male civilians, who were also on board the Spanish steamship JJSister, were brought to the Chateau d'If and interned there as prisoners of war. Here he only stayed about a month. He and many other prisoners were taken to Frioul Island on September 20, 1914. There he and four other interned doctors were allowed in mid-October to provide medical care for the approximately 1200–1300 male prisoners as well as approximately 250 women and just as many children with the simplest means. Again after only a month he was transported from Frioul with many other prisoners to Corsica to the Casabianda camp. There he spent another eight months in captivity. The primitive accommodation, but also the arbitrariness and reprisals of the guards caused him, as a doctor and a spokesman for the prisoners, to make numerous complaints to the camp management as well as others a. to the American Embassy in Paris. At the end of his stay in Casabianda, he and three other inmates were sentenced to 30 days' arrest. They had jointly lodged a complaint about excessive beating carried out by parts of the camp administration and crews on prisoners after a failed escape. On April 30, 1915, before the end of the arrest, he and almost all other civilian prisoners were evacuated from the camp. Via Bastia and Marseille, he reached Uzès (Gard department) on May 4, 1915. At first he judged the treatment during the 15-month imprisonment to be beneficial to him, as he could complete the rest of the arrest issued in Casabianda individually in a room with small daily amenities. However, he then found the subsequent camp routine over months with the same daily routine to be great desolation and oppression. At the end of January 1916, he and his belongings in the camp were searched and his hidden diary and other documents were found, secured and evaluated. Based on the content of these texts, the camp commandant sentenced him to 30 days' arrest at the end of March 1916. He had to spend this in solitary confinement, but he was provided with small amenities, since he was officially recognized as an officer. During his time in officer arrest, he mentioned for the first time worsening health problems.

Max Brausewetter was transferred to the Roche Arnaud officers' camp in Le Puy-en-Velay on July 15, 1916. In his first letter to his home on July 17, 1916, he described the advantages of the new camp, clear, cold air, sufficient food, a room for two, eating food next to a colonel as second in the rank of the new camp, and health here improve. The hope of being discharged home via an exchange of doctors, but also declining health were subjects of other letters from August 1916. In his last letter of August 30, 1916, he asked for feedback from home for the receipt of his packages in which he had hidden all of his notes. Max Brausewetter died on September 16, 1916 and was buried in a nearby cemetery with the participation of fellow prisoners.

His final resting place is on the war cemetery in Dijon.

Works

  • About the malum perforans and the pes varus in spina bifida. Schade, Berlin 1891 (dissertation, University of Berlin, 1891).
  • J'accuse! (I indict) Two years in French captivity. Cassirer, Berlin 1918. ( digitized version )

literature

  • Hermann Usener-Klipstein: Artur Brausewetter and his family. In: Our Pommerland . Issue 2/1928, p. 85 f.
  • Dr Max Brausewetter - Prisonnier des Français. Journal clandestin d'un Allemand au Château d'If, au Frioul, en Corse, à Uzès et au Puy-en-Velay (1914-1916). Éditions de la Fenestrelle, Nîmes 2015, ISBN 979-10-92826-42-5 .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l files relating to medical officer Dr. Max shower weather. Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage, November 1899, accessed on January 15, 2019 .
  2. ^ Max Brausewetter: About the Malum perforans and the Pes varus in Spina bifida. In: Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation. Retrieved January 15, 2019 .
  3. ^ M. le docteur Angel Fernandez-Caro: 14e Congrès international de médecine, Madrid, 23-30 April 1903. In: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ . 1904, p. XVII , accessed January 15, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Grave Search Online: War Cemetery in Dijon. Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge eV, accessed on December 1, 2018 .
  5. ^ A b Max Brausewetter: In- house digitization / "J'accuse". In: https://www.blb-karlsruhe.de/ . Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on December 1, 2018 .
  6. ^ Gunnar Anger:  Brausewetter, Artur. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 28, Bautz, Nordhausen 2007, ISBN 978-3-88309-413-7 , Sp. 207-241.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  7. ^ Report: Report on visits to depots of German prioners of war in France. In: Fold3. by ancestry.com, March 18, 1915, pp. 6-7 , accessed December 1, 2018 .
  8. ↑ MM. Ed. Naville et V. van Berchem, Dr C. de Marval, A. Eugster: Documents publies a l'Occasion de la Guerre de 1914-1918. Comite International de la Croix-Rouge, March 1915, pp. 109-110 , accessed on 2nd December 2018 .
  9. ↑ Hellmut Felle: 5 years behind barbed wire. In the Casabianda prison colony. In: http://www.ilelongue14-18.eu/ . January 22, 2017, pp. 27 - 82 , accessed December 5, 2018 .
  10. ^ Telegram: Department of State to Ambassy, ​​Berlin. In: Fold3. by Ancestry.com, May 11, 1915, accessed December 1, 2018 .
  11. ↑ Hellmuth Felle: 5 years behind barbed wire. The trumpet clock. In: http://www.ilelongue14-18.eu/ . January 22, 2017, pp. 93-102 , accessed December 5, 2018 .
  12. ^ Mr Haseltine: Report. In: Fold3. by ancestry.com, February 23, 1916 S. 3-18 , accessed on December 5, 2018 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Shower weather, max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 27, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Szczecin
DATE OF DEATH September 16, 1916
Place of death Uzes