Dörnthaler Kunstgraben
| Dörnthaler Kunstgraben | ||
 The artificial trench (foreground) ends in front of the dam of the Obersaidaer pond, where it flows into the Obersaidaer artificial trench |
||
| Data | ||
| location | Saxony , Germany | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| source | an outflow of the Dörnthal pond 50 ° 43 ′ 38 ″ N , 13 ° 20 ′ 11 ″ E |
|
| muzzle | below the Obersaida pond Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 17 " N , 13 ° 20 ′ 4" E 50 ° 46 ′ 17 " N , 13 ° 20 ′ 4" E
|
|
| length | 7.7 km (of which approx. 1.7 km disappeared) |
|
The Dörnthaler Kunstgraben is an artificial moat between the village of the same name Dörnthal and Obersaida in the Ore Mountains from the 18th century. It served to supply impact water for the Freiberg mining industry and is part of the Freiberg Revierwasserlaufanstalt (RWA).
course
The approximately 7.7 km long Dörnthal artificial ditch including Röschen begins south of Dörnthal as a northern outflow from the Dörnthal pond . It crosses under the district road K 8113 and runs, partly blurred, about 1 km parallel to the WSW. Then the ditch turns towards NNW and runs approx. 1.3 km to the Scheidebach . Here the 1.16 km long Haselbacher Rösche begins , which crosses under the Ochsenkopf and ends at the Biehlabach . The approx. 3 km long lower Dörnthaler Kunstgraben runs in the direction N to NE to the Obersaidaer Teich, which is connected to the RWA and dams the Saidenbach . Here, the Dörnthaler flows into the Obersaidaer artificial ditch in front of the dam of the pond , without feeding water into the pond.
history
The planned expansion of a water storage and supply system for Freiberg mining and metallurgy began on January 23, 1558 by the electoral order. In the following years, numerous artificial ponds , artificial ditches and florets were built according to the suggestions of the chief miner Martin Planer .
The construction of the Dörnthaler Kunstgraben began in 1607 and lasted with interruptions until 1790. As early as 1607, the Mulde - Flöha - watershed was cut through with the Mittelaidaer Rösche in the Obersaidaer Kunstgraben and the Saidenbach was connected to the rift system to Freiberg.
However, the continuation of the work and thus the construction of the lower part of the Dörnthaler Kunstgraben initially failed in the years 1612 to 1618 due to survey errors. The decline in mining as a result of the Thirty Years War brought work to a complete standstill.
It was not until 1786 that these were taken up again according to plans by Johann Friedrich Scheuchler , Johann Friedrich Lempe and with the assistance of Abraham Gottlob Werner . As early as November 1787, the Haselbach could be connected, in the place of which the Dörnthal pond was dammed in 1790. This pond was created between 1787 and 1790 under the direction of the head man Carl Friedrich Freiesleben.
The middle part of the Dörnthaler Kunstgraben was replaced between 1857 and 1862 by the 1.16 km long Haselbacher Rösche . As a result, an approx. 4 km long loop could be thrown west around the Ochsenkopf .
Today the area watercourse Institute national importance for which service water and drinking water supply of the regions of Chemnitz , Dresden and Freiberg.
gallery
The Obere Dörnthaler Kunstgraben above Dörnthal
The Lower Dörnthaler Kunstgraben near Mittelaida with the ox head in the background
The Lower Dörnthaler Kunstgraben in Obersaida in front of the Obersaida pond
additional
The trench walls are made of dry masonry . Over large parts of the length of the ditch, the Dörnthal artificial ditch was covered with wooden slabs. As a result, leaves and grass could not obstruct the flow of water, evaporation losses kept low and accidents avoided as far as possible. Since the ditch, as part of the upper RWA, still serves to provide drinking water today, the rind cover can only be seen in some touristically significant places, but otherwise replaced by concrete slabs.
literature
- Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi (ed.): Earth description of the electoral and ducal Saxon lands . tape 3 , 1804, pp. 93 f . ( Digitized version ).
- Otfried Wagenbreth : The Freiberg mining . Technical monuments and history. Ed .: Eberhard Wächtler . 2nd Edition. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1988, ISBN 3-342-00117-8 , p. 62-72, 248-250 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Otfried Wagenbreth , Eberhard Wächtler (eds.), A. Becke et al .: Der Freiberg mining. Technical monuments and history . Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig, 1986, pp. 248–249
- ↑ Earth description of the electoral and ducal Saxon lands, p. 94.
- ^ Friedrich Schlichtegroll : Nekrolog on the year 1792 . Containing the lives of strange people who died in this year. Vol. 3, Vol. 2, 1794, pp. 315 f . ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ Samuel Gottlob Frisch , Christian Samuel Weiss : Biography of Abraham Gottlob Werner . Along with two treatises on Werner's contribution to oryctognosia and geognosia. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1825, p. 174 ff . ( Digitized version ).
