Max Leopold Wagner

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Max Leopold Wagner (born September 17, 1880 in Munich , † July 9, 1962 in Washington, DC ) was a German Romance studies and linguist . He was the first to systematically research the Sardinian language and wrote fundamental works on it.

Life

After studying Romance studies in Munich , Würzburg , Paris and Florence , Wagner received his doctorate in 1907 in Würzburg on the phonology of the southern Sardinian dialects . He then worked as a teacher at the German schools in Istanbul and Mexico. When the First World War broke out , Wagner returned to Germany, was habilitated in Romance studies at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin in 1915 and was a full professor there from 1922. In 1924 he was retired as a result of a "moral offense".

After that he lived mainly in Italy, worked in Sardinia for an Italian language atlas and was entrusted by the Foreign Office with the creation of a German-Italian and Italian-German dictionary. In 1947 Wagner was appointed professor at the University of Coimbra and was also a visiting professor at the University of Illinois . In 1951 Wagner moved to Washington DC at the invitation of his friend and sponsor Raphael G. Urciolo and was able to devote himself financially independently to his studies there until his death.

Wagner also dealt with the argot of poor children in Bogotá . He has also written and translated articles and articles in Spanish.

Wagner is considered to be the most important scholar of the Sardinian language and an important ethnologist of Sardinia . For the first time, he scientifically classified the various Sardinian dialects in various essays and monographs on word formation, phonology and vocabulary. With La lingua sarda (1951) he succeeded in providing a comprehensive linguistic historical description of the Sardinian language and with the three-volume Dizionario Etimologico Sardo (1962) he wrote an etymological dictionary for Sardinian. Both works were groundbreaking for the linguistic consideration of Sardinian. In addition, Wagner wrote studies on Spanish, especially so-called Jewish Spanish , on special languages and vulgar Latin .

Wagner was accepted into the Società Nazionale di Scienze in Naples in 1951. Since 1952 he was a member of the Accademia della Crusca , Florence , and the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . In 1954 he was finally accepted as a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and in 1956 in the Deputazione di storia patria per la Sardegna.

Fonts (selection)

  • Phonology of the southern Sardinian dialects. With special consideration of the varieties spoken around the Gennargentu. Hall 1907.
  • Contributions to the knowledge of the Jewish Spanish of Constantinople. Vienna 1914.
  • The rural life of Sardinia as reflected in the language. Heidelberg 1921; Supplement 4 to the WS
  • The mainstream Spanish-American literature. Leipzig 1924.
  • Jean Lemaire de Belges around 1473–1515: Seals. Berlin 1924. (in collaboration with Erhard Lommatzsch ).
  • Methodology du Française. Berlin 1924 (in collaboration with Erhard Lommatzsch).
  • Sardinian vocabulary studies: (1. The family - 2. The human body) Genève 1930.
  • Restos de Latinidad en el Norte de Africa. Coimbra 1936.
  • Historical Phonology of Sardinian. Hall 1941.
  • Notes on the Bogotanic caló. Bogota 1950.
  • Historical theory of word formation in Sardinian. Bern 1952.
  • Dizionario etimologico sardo. 3 volumes. Heidelberg 1960ff.
  • History of the Sardinian language. Translated, ed. and provided with a bibliography by Giovanni Masala. Foreword by Giulio Pauli. Tübingen 2002.
  • Travel pictures from Sardinia. Edited by G. Masala. Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8330-0744-3 .
  • Words Things Pictures Impressions: Sardinia 1925–1927. Edited by G. Masala. Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-8334-0460-4 .

literature

  • Alexander M. Kalkhoff: Romanica Monacensia - Romance Philology in the 19th and early 20th Century. Tübingen 2010, pp. 153–154. (books.google.de)
  • Giovanni Masala: Max Leopold Wagner: A short portrait. In: Max Leopold Wagner: Travel pictures from Sardinia. Stuttgart 2003, pp. 166-184.
  • Giulio Angioni : Sa laurera. Il lavoro contadino in Sardegna . Cagliari 1976.
  • Dirk Naguschewski: Unexplained circumstances. Why the Berlin novelist Max Leopold Wagner left the university in 1925. In: Trajectories. Journal of the Center for Literary and Cultural Research. Volume 20, 2010, pp. 46-51.
  • Dirk Naguschewski: The "most important sardologist of all time". On the renaissance of Max Leopold Wagner. In: Italian. Volume 61, May 2009, pp. 190-195.
  • Gerhard Rohlfs : Obituary. Max Leopold Wagner (1880–1962). In: Journal for Romance Philology . Volume 78, 1962, pp. 621-627.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Giulio Angioni : Pane e formaggio e altre cose di Sardegna . Cagliari 2002.
  2. ^ Membership list of the Crusca
personal data
SURNAME Wagner, Max Leopold
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Romanist
DATE OF BIRTH 17th September 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH July 9, 1962
Place of death Washington, DC