Maximiliane Josepha Karoline of Bavaria

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Princess Maximiliane. Lithograph by Ferdinand Piloty
Maximiliane hugging a lamb, on the bench her older sisters, the twins Elisabeth and Amalie (oil painting by Joseph Karl Stieler , 1814)

Maximiliane Josepha Karoline of Bavaria , Princess of Bavaria (* July 21, 1810 in Nymphenburg Palace ; † February 4, 1821 in Munich ), called Ni, was the youngest child of the first King of Bavaria Maximilian I Joseph and his second wife, Karoline from Baden .

Life

Maximiliane was to be married to Duke Max in Bavaria , the future husband of her sister Ludovika Wilhelmine . But after attending a performance of the Maid of Orléans , Ni became hypothermic and in the last days of January 1821 fell seriously ill with " phlegm fever ". Ten days later she died in the arms of her mother, who was particularly hard hit by the loss of her beloved daughter. The rest of the family also suffered greatly from Maximiliane's death; she mourned all year long.

Maximiliane was buried in the princely crypt of the Theatine Church.

Works of art

Theater program of January 14, 1821

While still alive, Joseph Karl Stieler immortalized Maximiliane in an oil painting in 1814, hugging a lamb, together with her older sisters, the twins Elisabeth and Amalie .

Grave relief for Maximiliane of Bavaria

After her death, her mother commissioned other works of art. Her sister Auguste wrote in her diary "Muxel drew and Stieler painted them on the orders of the queen".

Joseph Karl Stieler made several paintings. So he painted Maximiliane on her death bed, the portrait of a transfigured Maximiliane and finally a life-size portrait of the princess in an allegorical conception, how she floats up from earth to heaven with rose garlands and hands her little brother Maximilian, who also died of meningitis in childhood, the wreath of stars from the clouds , in the background the nocturnal courtyard garden facade of the Residenz and the Theatinerkirche. This work was printed as a lithograph by Nepomuk Muxel.

As a memorial for Maximiliane, an epitaph was erected in the Theatine Church to the right of the Marien Altar in the north transept . A first draft by the sculptor Konrad Eberhard "Jesus the Child's Friend" was rejected. Eberhard's second design with the title “The mother at the death bed of her child” showed grieving family members on their deathbed under a Christ tympanum flanked by two angels in rich folds . This second draft was clearly revised again with the help of Leo von Klenze . The variant finally realized shows Queen Caroline weeping on her daughter's death bed, framed by two angels, and a marble sarcophagus on a pedestal . Eberhard began the work during a stay in Rome and continued it in Schloss Berg or Starnberg. In 1825 the monument was erected in the Theatine Church. The base bears the inscription "Dearly loved, weeping by parents and siblings".

literature

  • Hans Rall and Marga Rall: The Wittelsbacher. Otto I to Elizabeth I . Tosa, Vienna 1994.
  • Hans Rall: Wittelsbach life pictures from Emperor Ludwig to the present. Guide through the Munich princely tombs with a list of all Wittelsbach burials and tombs . Munich 1979.
  • Dorothea Minkels : Elisabeth of Prussia. Queen in the time of MARCHING out . Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2007, ISBN 978-3-8370-1250-7 ( limited preview in Google book search).

Web links

Commons : Maximiliane Josepha Karoline of Bavaria  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Hyacinth Holland :  Stieler, Joseph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 189-192.
  2. ↑ a b quoted after 850 years of Munich. Joint catalog of the antiquarian bookshops Robert Wölfle & Peter Bierl . The city anniversary catalog. Munich 2008, p. 63 ( bierlantiquariat.de [PDF; 13.5 MB ; accessed on October 11, 2013] Catalog No. 515). 850 years of Munich. Community catalog of the antiquarian bookshops Robert Wölfle & Peter Bierl ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bierlantiquariat.de
  3. ^ A b Christian Arnold: Konrad Eberhard, 1768-1859. Sculptor and painter . Life and works of an Allgäu family of artists (=  studies on the history of Bavarian Swabia . Volume 8 ). Verlag der Schwäbische Forschungsgemeinschaft, Augsburg 1964, DNB  450144364 , p. 173 .
  4. ↑ Leo von Klenze's estate . Drawings from Germany, Italy and Greece. In: Klenzeana . tape  IX.11 , no. 1806-1862 . Munich, S. 45 ( digitized version [accessed October 11, 2013]).
  5. ↑ Hans-Michael Körner (Ed.): Large Bavarian biographical encyclopedia . Saur, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-598-11730-2 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 13, 2013]).
personal data
SURNAME Maximiliane Josepha Karoline of Bavaria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maximiliane of Bavaria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Princess of Bavaria
DATE OF BIRTH July 21, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Nymphenburg Castle
DATE OF DEATH February 4, 1821
Place of death Munich