Maxkirche (Düsseldorf)

Maxkirche, front side

Maxkirche, back

The Catholic Church of St. Maximilian , now mostly Maxkirche called in Düsseldorf district Carlstadt is a late baroque church from a 1804 repealed Franciscan monastery emerged. The monastery, whose living and utility rooms were located in the directly adjacent Maxhaus , was founded in the 17th century, the current church was built in the 18th century.

The bronze eagle lectern from 1449 was originally created for Altenberg Cathedral . The choir stalls come from the previous church from the 17th century. The 14 oil paintings on the side walls form a way of the cross and come from the Nazarene church painter Heinrich Nüttgens , who created them in 1903.

history

In 1650 the Provincial of the Cologne Franciscans asked Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg for permission to set up a branch of his order in Düsseldorf. Duke Wolfgang Wilhelm initially refused, who he had already allowed several other orders to settle in his residence place in the previous decades, namely the Capuchins (1617), the Jesuits (1621), the Cölestine Sisters ( 1638), the Carmelites (1639) and finally the Cellitinnen (1649). But the duke agreed to do so one year later. In 1651 the first six Franciscans were able to come to Düsseldorf. Just four years later, thanks to donations from the population and local aristocrats, the Franciscans began building their monastery in the area of what was then the Düsseldorf Citadel . The monastery was completed in 1662. Then the monastery church was built. It was completed in 1668. The church was a simple, elongated, six-bay hall building. From 1671 the monks taught at their own theological school. Since the sacred building became dilapidated due to subsidence, a three-aisled brick hall church was built between 1735 and 1737, today's Maxkirche; At the same time, the renovation of the monastery buildings began, which lasted until 1743. On October 4th, 1737 the church was consecrated to Saint Anthony of Padua .

With the secularization of the monasteries at the beginning of the 19th century, the monastery and church were threatened with demolition. The protest of the Düsseldorf population prevented this, however, the sovereign refrained from demolition. The church has now been consecrated to St. Maximilian von Celeia in honor of the Elector and Duke Maximilian Joseph and operated as the second Düsseldorf parish church.

On January 1, 2011, the parish of St. Maximilian merged with the parishes of St. Lambertus and St. Mary's Conception to form the parish of St. Lambertus Düsseldorf . The Maxkirche is known nationwide for its church music. Classical choral singing as well as organ and orchestral masses are maintained.

Interior

Interior to the west with organ
Interior to the east

Furnishing

The interior of the church is largely preserved in its original state.

The choir stalls come from the first church built in the 17th century (predecessor of the current church).
The pulpit, confessionals, the figures of saints and the benches date from the middle of the 18th century.
The bronze eagle lectern was made in the late Gothic period; it comes from Altenberg Cathedral.
The altar painting was created by the Capuchin Father Damian, who worked at Jan Wellem's court.

Bells


No.	patron	Nominal	Casting year	Caster
1	Maria	a¹ ± 0	1954	Petit & Edelbrock Gescher
2	Engelbert	c² + 1	1954	Petit & Edelbrock Gescher
3	Agnes	d² ± 0	1954	Petit & Edelbrock Gescher
4th	Sebastianus	e² ± 0	1954	Petit & Edelbrock Gescher
5	George	f² ± 0	1954	Petit & Edelbrock Gescher

"Te Deum laudamus"

organ

Detail: Restored case with veil boards by Christian Ludwig Königs (1753)

The lateral system based on the historical model

Play cabinet detail

Christian Ludwig König from Cologne, one of the outstanding organ builders of his time, was commissioned to build a new organ in 1753. It was contractually agreed that "1500 Reichsthaler and 500 Reichsthaler Zinn and Bley, without a free station, but 2 Maas beer for the afternoon drink, or a carpenter's brother in the Hn. King granted to help ”.

The work had a comparatively generous disposition with 39 registers on three manuals and an independent pedal .

In the further course the organ was rebuilt several times. In the course of a restoration of the church in 1831, the organ was renovated, during which many old registers were lost. Due to further changes, the organ moved further and further from its original conception and was susceptible to failure.

After a long period of planning, a new building was decided in 2008 using the historical material that had been preserved.

The organ "in the spirit of Christian Ludwig König" was built by the Klais company from Bonn. The slider chests -instrument has 39 stops on three manuals and pedal ( mood : Neidhardt III - "for a big city" -, A = 440 Hz). The wind is supplied via a bellows system with three wedge bellows. The action actions (one-armed) are mechanical, the stop action is mechanical and electronic (double action). The instrument is equipped with an electronic setting system. The new instrument was inaugurated on December 11, 2011. Today the instrument has the following disposition:

I echo C – g ³
Grosgedakt	8th'
Salicional	8th'
Onda maris	8th'
Smalledact	4 ′
Octav	2 ′
Carillon II-III	1 ³ ⁄ ₅  ′
Vox humana	8th'
Tremolant

II main manual C – g ³
Praestant	8th'
Bourdon	16 ′
Violdigamba	8th'
Rohrgedakt	8th'
Octav	4 ′	K
Flauto douce	4 ′
Super octave	2 ′
Sexquialtra II	2 ² ⁄ ₃  ′	K
Cornett IV	4 ′	K
Mixture IV	1 ¹ ⁄ ₃  ′
Trumpet	8th'
Claron	4 ′

III Positive C-g ³
Principal	8th'
Bourdon	8th'
Flau traverse	8th'
Octav	4 ′
Pipe slack	4 ′
Nasard	2 ² ⁄ ₃  ′
Flageolet	2 ′
third	1 ³ ⁄ ₅  ′
Quintessential	1 ¹ ⁄ ₃  ′
Cymbel III	1'
Hubois	8th'
Cromhorn	8th'
Tremolant

Pedal Cf ¹
Principal	16 ′
Sub bass	16 ′
Praestant	8th'
Violdigamba bass	8th'	K
Octavbass	4 ′	K
Trombone bass	16 ′
Trumpet bass	8th'
Claron bass	4 ′

Coupling : I / II, III / II (each as sliding coupling); I / P, II / P, III / P
Annotation:

K = partly pipe material from Christian Ludwig König, 1753

One of the oldest and most successful concert series in Düsseldorf takes place on the organ: The market music was brought to life in May 1980 by Werner Lechte .

literature

Norbert Schloßmacher , Edmund Spohr : Art. St. Maximilian, Karlstadt . In: Bernard Henrichs (Ed.): Düsseldorf. City and church . Schwann, Düsseldorf 1982, ISBN 3-590-30242-9 , pp. 108-110.
Markus Belmann (ed.): The Klais organ of the St. Maximilian Church, Düsseldorf . Festschrift for the organ consecration on December 11, 2011 (Düsseldorf 2011).

Individual evidence

^ City of Düsseldorf: Churches
↑ ^a ^b Maxkirche.de ( Memento of the original from June 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
^ ^A ^b Norbert Schloßmacher, Edmund Spohr: Art. St. Maximilian, Karlstadt . In: Bernard Henrichs (Ed.): Düsseldorf. City and church . Schwann, Düsseldorf 1982, pp. 108–110, here p. 108.
^ ^A ^b Norbert Schloßmacher, Edmund Spohr: Art. St. Maximilian, Karlstadt . In: Bernard Henrichs (Ed.): Düsseldorf. City and church . Schwann, Düsseldorf 1982, pp. 108–110, here p. 109.
^ ^A ^b Hugo Weidenhaupt (Ed.): Düsseldorf. History from the origins to the 20th century. Volume 2: From the residential city to the official city. (1614-1900). Schwann in Patmos-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-491-34222-8 , page 82.
↑ H. Ferber: Historical walk through the old city of Düsseldorf. Published by the Düsseldorfer Geschichtsverein; Verlag C. Kraus, 1889, Part II, pp. 72 + 73.
↑ See the rudimentary information on the parish website
^ Düsseldorf, St. Maximilian, Aufbau , accessed on January 8, 2012.
^ Düsseldorf, St. Maximilian, Disposition , accessed on January 8, 2012.