Melchior Neusidler

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Melchior Neusidler, woodcut by Tobias Stimmer , from the Teutsch Lautenbuch (1574)

Melchior Neusidler (also Neusiedler , Neysidler or Newsidler ; * around 1531 in Nuremberg , † around 1591 in Augsburg ) was a German lutenist and composer .

Life

Melchior Neusidler comes from the Neusidler lutenist family, which probably got its name from its origins in the area around Lake Neusiedl . He was born in Nuremberg in 1531 as the eldest son of the lute player and composer Hans Neusidler (1510–1563) and grew up with 13 (17?) Other siblings in his parents' house on Zotenberg near the fruit market (a younger brother, Conrad Neusidler, born on 13. February 1541, as a less gifted lutenist, he also left some works for the instrument). Melchior Neusidler most likely learned the artistic lute playing from his father, who also published textbooks for the lute. The son probably learned polyphonic playing from the Nuremberg music theorist Sebald Heyden (1499–1561), who was rector, cantor, spiritual poet and the first Lutheran rector of the St. Sebaldus School in Nuremberg.

Melchior Neusidler settled in Augsburg around 1552 and gave up his Nuremberg citizenship in December 1552. He soon assumed a respected position in Augsburg's musical life and led the "silent music" that was customary at the time at many domestic festivals. There were especially close relationships with the Fugger family . His lute tablatures appear more refined than those of Hans Neusidler and influenced by the Italian style. About 250 pieces (including dances and song arrangements) by Melchior Neusidler have survived in various manuscripts and lute books, which for the most part testify to the composer's high technical mastery of the Renaissance lute (including playing in the highest registers of the lute). One can therefore assume that Melchior Neusidler was one of the best lutenists in all of Europe in his time.

Melchior Neusidler tried in vain to get a permanent position at various European courts. a. he applied to succeed the lutenist Sebastian Ochsenkhun in Heidelberg in 1574 at the Palatinate court of the widowed Dorothea of ​​Denmark and Norway (1520-1580).

Neusidler was married twice. He died in 1591 as a beneficiary of Octavianus Secundus Fugger , weakened years earlier by an inflammatory joint disease and pushed into the background by the younger Hans Leo Haßler as the leading composer among the Fuggers. He left behind three underage children, whose upbringing was taken over by his brother Conrad. A daughter of Neusidler, Sabina Neusidler, was in a relationship with the lute maker Sixtus Rauwolf from Augsburg.

Works

  • Intabolatura di Liuto. 2 volumes. Venice 1566 (digital copies in the Early Music Online project: Volume 1 , Volume 2 ).
  • Teutsch lute book. Strasbourg 1574, facsimile published by Albert Reyerman, Tree Edition, Lübeck 2011
  • Individual lute pieces etc. a. in the lute books of Philipp Hainhofer , in the Herwarth manuscript etc.

literature

  • Alfred Baumgartner: Propylaea World of Music - The Composers - A lexicon in five volumes . tape 4 . Propylaeen, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-549-07830-7 , pp. 161-162 .
  • Kurt Dorfmüller:  Neusidler, Melchior. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 185 ( digitized version ).
  • Robert Eitner :  Neusidler, Melchior . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, p. 555 f.
  • Johannes Klier: Newsidler. Portrait of a family of musicians. In: Guitar & Laute 1, 1979, 3, pp. 22-30, especially pp. 23-26.
  • Hans Krautwurst: Melchior Neusidler and the Fugger. In: Musik in Bayern 54 (1997), pp. 5–24.
  • Adolf Layer : Melchior Neusiedler. In: Lebensbilder from Bavarian Swabia, Volume 5. Munich 1956, pp. 180–197.
  • Joachim Lüdtke: The Lute Books Philipp Hainhofers (1578-1647) (= treatises on music history; Vol. 5). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1999, ISBN 3-525-27904-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Adalbert Quadt : Lute music from the Renaissance. According to tablature ed. by Adalbert Quadt. Volume 1 ff. Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Leipzig 1967 ff .; 4th edition, ibid. 1968, Volume 2, pp. 58f.
personal data
SURNAME Neusidler, Melchior
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neusiedler, Melchior; Neysidler, Melchior; Newsidler, Melchior
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lutenist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1531
PLACE OF BIRTH Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH around 1591
Place of death augsburg