Mercedes-Benz OM 615 / OM 616 / OM 621
| Daimler Benz | |
|---|---|
 OM616 in a W123 |
|
| OM 615, OM 616, OM 621 | |
| Production period: | 1958-1995 |
| Manufacturer: | Daimler Benz |
| Working principle: | diesel |
| Motor design: | line |
| Displacement: | 1897, 1988, 2194, 2399, 2404 cm 3 |
| Mixture preparation: | Pre-chamber injection |
| Engine charging: | no |
| Power: | 37-53 kW |
| Torque: | 108-137 Nm |
| Previous model: | OM 636 |
| Successor: | OM 601 |
The OM 621 engine and its only slightly modified successors, the OM 615 and OM 616, are diesel engines with pre-chamber injection and four cylinders in line , developed and produced by Daimler-Benz .
These engines were installed in cars, vans and Unimogs from Mercedes from the late 1950s to 1996, and after the participation in Hanomag-Henschel from 1970 also here, over about four decades in millions. Hundreds of thousands of these engines are still on the roads of the world today.
The predecessor of the OM 621 was the OM 636 . Successors to the OM 615, OM 616 and OM 617 (which differs from the OM 616 only by one additional cylinder) were the completely newly developed engines OM 601 , which was introduced in 1983 in the 190 D , and the OM 602 and OM 603 in the ab Series 124 built in 1985 .
The abbreviation “OM” stands for “Oel-Motor” (engine that is operated with light oil / diesel) and still describes the diesel engines from Mercedes-Benz.
history
First the OM 621 came out in 1958 for the pontoon model 190 D of the W 121 series , with an output of 50 hp and a displacement of 1897 cm³. Compared to the model 180 D ( W 120 ), which was still offered in parallel until 1961 , which still used the somewhat improved OM 636 from the 170 D ( W 136 ) with 43 hp, it offered a considerable improvement in performance. The OM 621 engine was a modern design by the standards of the time, with an overhead camshaft ( OHC ) instead of the one below ( OHV ) of the OM 636.
The design of the OM 621 was based on the M 121 gasoline engine , which was also installed in the 121 series. With the M 121, the engine shared the crankshaft including bearings , the crankcase, the bore pattern of the cylinder head and many other small parts. The diesel engine also had many other design features of the M 121, such as the chain-driven overhead camshaft and valve actuation via rocker arms . Only the camshaft, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod and injection equipment had to be redeveloped. This made it possible to rationalize production, which led to a saving in production costs of DM 250 compared to the OM 636.
When the tail fin model W 110 appeared in 1961, the displacement was increased to two liters, but the sales designation 190 D was initially retained. The engine output grew to 55 hp, which was the minimum mileage of German cars for two decades (together with the VW Beetle with 34 hp). In 1965 the engine was changed to five crankshaft bearings (designation OM 621 VIII), and from then on offered as the 200 D, with an unchanged 55 hp.
The versions of the OM 621 up to index / III had only three crankshaft bearings: in front of the first and after the last cylinder, and a central bearing between the 2nd and 3rd cylinder. Their engine running is quite rough and loud. With the conversion to five main bearings, the engine run became considerably quieter. This was the most radical of all changes to the entire OM 621/615/616 engine family.
The OM 615 engine came out in 1968 in the 200 D model of the W 115 series . The two-liter version of the OM 615 for the 200 D is only a minor further development of the predecessor OM 621 from the fintail models, the difference being essentially a changed oil filter position and, due to the flatter front end, a lower, shorter intake pipe. The most important innovation was the variant of the OM 615 with an extended stroke, with a displacement of 2.2 liters and an output of 60 hp in the 220 D model - the best-selling W 115 diesel model.
The OM 616 engine came out in 1973: based on the extended stroke of the 220 D, the bore was also enlarged, the displacement increased to 2.4 liters and the output to 65 hp. This engine was offered as part of the facelift ("MOPF") in the "Stroke Eight" series under the model name 240 D.
The OM 617 engine in the 240 D 3.0 , which came out again a year later, in 1974, is only an OM 616 extended by a fifth cylinder, see also item OM 617 .
Mercedes also used the same engine types OM 615 to 617 in the successor models of the “Stroke Eight”, the 123 series .
The previous engines all had a "start-stop train" of not only took the electrical control of the preheating and of the starter, but also in the injection pump enrichment of the injection amounts to the start, and the position of the injection pump to zero flow to stop the engine took over. This somewhat cumbersome handling, which required learning, ended in 1980 with the introduction of quick-start glow plugs and key start-stop. In the course of this, the engine output of the OM 615 (200 D) was increased to 60 hp, the OM 616 (240 D) now developed 72 hp, and the 220 D model was discontinued.
Technical data and use
OM 621
use
- W 121 190 D (Ponton) 1956–1959,
- W 110 190 D (tail fin) 1959–1965,
- W 110 200 D (tail fin) 1965–1968,
- Mercedes Unimog ,
- Hanomag small van F20 Diesel,
-
Built-in motors for
- Electricity generators ,
- Forklift
- and marine propulsion .
Data table
Car models
| Sales description | Engine type | Model | Displacement | Bore × stroke | Power at 1 / min | Torque at 1 / min | construction time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 190 D, 190 Db ( W 121 ) | OM 621 I. | 621.910 | 1.9 l 1897 cc | 85 x 83.6 mm | 37 kW (50 PS) at 4000 | 108 Nm at 2200 | 1958-1959 |
| 180 Dc ( W 120 ) | OM 621 IV | 621.914 | 2.0 L 1988 cc | 87 x 83.6 mm | 35 kW (48 hp) at 3800 | 108 Nm at 2200 | 1961–1962 |
| 190 Dc / Dc Universal ( W 110 ) | OM 621 III | 621.912 | 40 kW (55 PS) at 4200 | 118 Nm at 2400 | 1961-1965 | ||
| 200 D / D universal ( W 110 ) | OM 621 VIII | 621.918 | 1965-1968 |
OM 615/616
use
- W 115 200 D ("Stroke-Eight") 1968–1976,
- W 115 220 D ("Strich-Acht") 1968–1976,
- W 115 240 D ("Stroke-Eight") 1972–1976,
- W 123 200 D 1976-1984,
- W 123 220 D 1976-1980,
- W 123 240 D 1976-1984,
- W 460 240 GD 1979–1987,
- Hanomag-Mercedes "Harburger Transporter" L206D / L306D series or Hanomag F20 − F36 series (until 1977)
- Small van T 1 ,
- Small van T 2 ,
- MB 100 ,
- Mercedes-Benz Unimog ,
-
Built-in motors for
- Electricity generators ,
- Forklift
- and marine propulsion .
Data table
Car models
| Sales description | Engine type | Model | Displacement | Bore × stroke | Power at (1 / min) | Torque at (1 / min) | construction time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OM 615 | |||||||
| 200 D / 8 ( W 115 ) | OM 615 D 20 | 615.913 | 2.0 L 1988 cc | 87 x 83.6 mm | 40 kW (55 PS) at 4200 | 113 Nm at 2400 | 1968-1976 |
| 200 D ( W 123 ) | 615.940 | 1976-1979 | |||||
| 44 kW (60 hp) at 4400 | 1979-1985 | ||||||
| 220 D / 8 ( W / F 115 ) | OM 615 D 22 | 615.912 | 2.2 L 2197 cc | 87 x 92.4 mm | 44 kW (60 hp) at 4200 | 126 Nm at 2400 | 1968-1976 |
| 220 D ( W 123 ) | 615.941 | 1976-1979 | |||||
| OM 616 | |||||||
| 240 D / 8 ( W / F / V / VF 115 ) | OM 616 D 24 | 616.916 | 2.4 L 2404 cc | 91 x 92.4 mm | 48 kW (65 hp) at 4200 | 137 Nm at 2400 | 1973-1976 |
| 240 D ( W / F / V / VF 123 ) | 616.912 | 1976-1988 | |||||
| 2.4 L 2399 cc | 90.9 x 92.4 mm | 53 kW (72 PS) at 4400 | 137 Nm at 2400 | 1978-1985 | |||
| 240 GD / GDL ( W 460 ) | 616.936 | 1973-1976 | |||||
Long construction time
The OM 615 engine, its predecessor OM 621 and its later sister models OM 616 (220 D, 240 D) as well as the five-cylinder OM 617 for the 300 D are evidence of the mostly equally used engine drives for cars that - with light Modifications and revisions - have a significantly longer life cycle than the shorter-lived body variants of various series.
The decisive reason for the long use of engine concepts are the huge investments that an engine manufacturer has to make if he wants to plan a completely new engine design in terms of production technology and then implement it in production.
Both the facilities of a highly automated foundry for the engine blocks and cylinder heads and the mechanical processing of the large cast parts as well as the transport and interlinking facilities up to the final assembly represent high eight-figure investments that only pay for themselves over very long periods of time, ideally over three decades, can pay off. As a rule, engines of different designs cannot be mixed in one and the same production line.
At some point, however, even the most durable concept will have reached its useful end; This was the case in 1984 for the diesel engines of the OM 621, 615, 616 and 617 series, when, with the appearance of the new mid-range W 124 series, lighter and more revving diesel engines from the concept of the "small" Mercedes W 201 (190 D) were introduced in held the middle class. However, the OM 616 was revised again in 1991 (55 kW / 75 PS) and installed in the MB 100 D until 1995. Force Motors is still producing this engine under license in India , now also as a more powerful version with a turbocharger. For the current model (2016) of the Force Gurkha , the displacement has been increased to 2.6 L and the pre-chamber injection has been replaced by a modern common rail injection system.
After millions built engines this was the end to the production of the most successful engine concepts of all past times, starting with 50 HP for the economical everyday use in private cars and taxis to experimental engines with 230 hp, the endurance world records on the high-speed rail in Nardò imports .
Only the engine production for the VW Beetle and for the single-cylinder Honda motorcycles show a longer production time for motor vehicle engines.
Individual evidence
- ^ MTZ - motor technical magazine, Franck'sche Verlagshandlung, issue 10/1958
- ↑ http://et.mercedes-benz-clubs.com/mediawiki/index.php/W120-W121-190D-Motor ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://et.mercedes-benz-clubs.com/mediawiki/index.php/W120-W121-180Dc-Motor ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://et.mercedes-benz-clubs.com/mediawiki/index.php/W114-W115-200D-Motor ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://et.mercedes-benz-clubs.com/mediawiki/index.php/W114-W115-220D-Motor ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 16, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://et.mercedes-benz-clubs.com/mediawiki/index.php/W114-W115-240D-Motor ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from August 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Model-xplorer - Force Gurkha. Retrieved December 24, 2017 (American English).
