Methoxyflurane
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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Non-proprietary name | Methoxyflurane | ||||||||||||||||||
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Molecular formula | C 3 H 4 Cl 2 F 2 O | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
flammable, volatile, colorless liquid |
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Drug information | |||||||||||||||||||
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 164.97 g · mol -1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
1.44 g cm −3 (25 ° C) |
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Melting point |
−35 ° C |
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boiling point | |||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure |
32 h Pa (at 20 ° C) |
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solubility |
sparingly soluble in water (28.6 g l −1 at 37 ° C) |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | |||||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Methoxyflurane is a chemical in the group of flurans . It was used as a penthrane from 1960 (by JF Artusio) to the 1970s as an inhalation anesthetic .
properties
Methoxyflurane is a flammable, volatile, colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water.
When methoxyflurane is broken down in the body, a particularly high concentration of inorganic fluoride is produced , which is said to have toxic effects on the kidneys. It is therefore no longer used clinically. In Australia, however, it is very common preclinically for short-term pain relief from traumatic injuries and is also used by non-medical personnel. The application is carried out via an inhaler of the because of its appearance as "green pipe" ( English Green Whistle ) is referred to. In 2018, methoxyflurane was again approved in this application form and under the name Penthrox in German-speaking countries.
With a minimum alveolar concentration of 0.16, it is very potent. The very high solubility in fat causes very slow draining and flooding, which is a disadvantage in anesthesia.
Physical data:
- Metabolism rate : 50%
- Minimum alveolar concentration : 0.16% atm
- Blood-gas partition coefficient : 12
safety instructions
The vapors of methoxyflurane can form an explosive mixture with air ( flash point 37 ° C). It is a nephrotoxin because it damages the kidney's concentration mechanism. Responsible for this is the fluoride ion produced during oxidative metabolism.
Web links
- Methoxyflurane Drug Information
- Entry on methoxyflurane at Vetpharm
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Entry on methoxyflurane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b entry on methoxyflurane. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on April 27, 2014.
- ↑ M. Nuscheler et al.: Fluorine-induced nephrotoxicity: fact or fiction? In: Anaesthesiologist. 1996; 45, pp. 32-40.
- ↑ P. Buntine, O. Thom, F. Babl, M. Bailey, S. Bernard: Prehospital analgesia in adults using inhaled methoxyflurane (subscription required) . In: Emergency Medicine Australasia . tape 19 , no. 6 , 2007, p. 509-514 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1742-6723.2007.01017.x , PMID 18021102 .
- ↑ https://www.pharmawiki.ch/wiki/index.php?wiki=Methoxyfluran
- ^ Gerhard Eisenbrand, Manfred Metzler, Frank J. Hennecke: Toxicology for Chemists. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-13-127001-2 , p. 66.