Ironwoods

This article deals with the genus ironwood ( Metrosideros ). For further meanings of the term "ironwood" see under ironwood .

Ironwoods
Pohutukawa ( Metrosideros excelsa )
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons Rosids Eurosiden II Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales) Family : Myrtle family (Myrtaceae) Genre : Ironwoods
Scientific name
Metrosideros
Banks ex Gaertn.

The metrosideros ( Metrosideros ) are a plant kind from the family of myrtle , mainly in the Pacific region of New Zealand , New Caledonia , Hawaii until after Japan 's spread. About 50 species belong to the genus.

description

Subgenus Metrosideros : Metrosideros collina

Ironwoods are perennial, woody plants that grow as trees , shrubs or liana . Many species can grow epiphytically . The mostly strong red flowers are striking. The five-fold flowers consist of five sepals and petals and usually many stamens . There are fruit capsules formed.

Systematics

Subgenus Metrosideros : Metrosideros macropus

Subgenus Metrosideros : ʻōhiʻa lehua ( Hawaiian ), Metrosideros polymorpha (Hawaiʻi)

Subgenus Metrosideros : Metrosideros rugosa

Subgenus Mearnsia : Metrosideros carminea

The genus Metrosideros is divided into two subgenus, the subgenus Metrosideros with about 26 species and the subgenus Mearnsia with about 24 species. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the South Island ironwood ( Metrosideros umbellata ) is at the basal point of the subgenus Metrosideros and is therefore also basal for three independent tribes within the subgenus.

• Subgenus Metrosideros
  • Metrosideros bartlettii J.W. Dawson ( New Zealand )
  • Metrosideros boninensis (Hayata ex Koidz.) Tuyama ( Ogasawara Islands )
  • Metrosideros cherrieri J.W.Dawson ( New Caledonia )
  • Metrosideros collina (JRForst. & G.Forst.) A.Gray ( Vanuatu and French Polynesia )
  • Metrosideros engleriana Schltr. (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros excelsa Sol. ex Gaertn. , Syn .: Metrosideros tomentosa A. Rich. ( New Zealand )
  • Metrosideros gregoryi Christoph. ( Samoa )
  • Metrosideros humboldtiana Guillaumin (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros kermadecensis W.RB Oliv. ( Kermadec Islands )
  • Metrosideros macropus Hook. & Arn. ( Hawaiʻi , Hawaiian : ʻŌhiʻa )
  • Metrosideros microphylla (Schltr.) JWDawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros nervulosa C. Moore & F. Muell. ( Lord Howe Island )
  • Metrosideros nitida Brongn. & Gris (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros ochrantha A.C. Sm. ( Fiji )
  • Metrosideros oreomyrtus Däniker (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros polymorpha Gaudich. (Hawaiʻi, Hawaiian : ʻŌhiʻa )
  • Metrosideros punctata J.W. Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • North Island ironwood ( Metrosideros robusta A. Cunn. ) (North Island of New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros rugosa A. Gray (Hawaii)
  • Metrosideros sclerocarpa J.W. Dawson (Lord Howe Island)
  • Metrosideros tremuloides (A.Heller) Rock (Hawaiʻi)
  • South Island ironwood ( Metrosideros umbellata Cav. ) (South Island of New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros waialealae (Rock) Rock (Hawaii)

• Subgenus Mearnsia (Merr.) JWDawson
  • Metrosideros albiflora Sol. ex Gaertn. (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros angustifolia (L.) Sm. ( Capensis )
  • Metrosideros brevistylis J.W.Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros cacuminum J.W.Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros carminea W.RB Oliv. (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros colensoi Hook. f. (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros cordata (CTWhite & WDFrancis) JWDawson ( New Guinea )
  • Metrosideros diffusa (G.Forst.) Sm. (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros dolichandra Schltr. ex Guillaumin (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros fulgens Sol. ex Gaertn. (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros halconensis (Merr.) JWDawson ( Philippines )
  • Metrosideros longipetiolata J.W.Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros operculata Labill. (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros ovata (CTWhite) JWDawson (New Guinea)
  • Metrosideros paniensis J.W. Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros parkinsonii Buchanan (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros patens J.W.Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros perforata (JRForst. & G.Forst.) Druce (New Zealand)
  • Metrosideros porphyrea Schltr. (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros ramiflora Lauterb. (New Guinea)
  • Metrosideros rotundifolia J.W. Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros salomonensis C.T. White ( Solomon Islands )
  • Metrosideros whitakeri J.W. Dawson (New Caledonia)
  • Metrosideros whiteana J.W. Dawson (New Guinea)

Origin of name

The scientific generic name Metrosideros is derived from the Greek metra meaning uterus, marrow, core of plants (to metra mother) and from sideros (iron), which refers to the extremely hard wood.

swell

• Ironwoods in the Flora of New Zealand.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} S. D. Wright et al .: Riding the ice age El Niño? Pacific biogeography and evolution of Metrosideros subg. Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA . In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America , Volume 97, Volume 8, 2000. pp. 4118-4123.
2. ↑ ^{a b} lehua in Hawaiian Dictionaries
3. ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 (reprint ISBN 3-937872-16-7 ).

Web links

Commons : Metrosideros  - collection of images, videos and audio files