Ironwood

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Snakewood from Brosimum guianense
Royal wood of Dalbergia cearensis
Quebracho wood from Schinopsis balansae
Wood from Olea capensis
Cut through bongossi wood
Katalox wood, Swartzia cubensis
Massaranduba wood from Manilkara bidentata
African blackwood, grenadilla
Veraholz from Bulnesia sarmientoi
Wooden slats from Dinizia excelsa

Many tree species , especially those of the tropics, are known under the name ironwood , whose wood is valued for its particular hardness and which has a high density . Ironwood goes under in the water and is therefore a special feature. The density of water is around 1 g / cm 3 , so ironwood is denser than water.

The processing of the very heavy and hard wood usually requires carbide-tipped tools or the usual tool steels are subject to extreme wear.

The particular hardness of a wood does not necessarily always mean that it is also heavier than 1 g / cm 3 , it is then not ironwood. Examples are moabi, African pear wood ( Baillonella toxisperma ) and Brazilian olive wood ( Ocotea porosa ) and the like. a., whose density, however, is only slightly below that of ironwood.

Often in Germany this means bongossi wood ( Lophira alata ). It is occasionally used as lumber for special applications.

The hardness or density of a wood is not directly related to its durability when attacked by fungi and pests.

Types of wood of various types known as ironwood

The term ironwood, or English Ironwood is also used in various plant genus and species, even when their wood is not necessarily heavier than water.

The Argan tree ( Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels , family sapotaceae ); the synonym Sideroxylon spinosum L. means "thorny ironwood", although its wood is not that heavy.

Hopea odorata from the wing fruit family, symbol of the Thai province Pattani , furthermore the horsetail cassuarine ( Casuarina equisetifolia ) etc.

See also

literature

  • Syarif Hidayat, William T. Simpson: Use of green moisture content and basic specific gravity to group tropical woods for kiln drying. Research note FPL 263, USDA Forest Service, 1994, online at babel.hathitrust.org, accessed November 18, 2018.
  • Voichita Bucur: Handbook of Materials for String Musical Instruments. Springer, 2016, ISBN 978-3-319-32078-6 , pp. 612-616.
  • Jean-Marc Roda: Lexique des noms indigènes de bois et d'arbres, Inde du Sud, Tamil Nadu. In: Les filières du bois en Inde du Sud: le cas de Tiruchengodu, Tamil Nadu. Chapter: Annexe 2 (a), ENGREF, 1994, pp. 109-111.
  • Gisel Reyes, Sandra Brown, Jonathan Chapman, Ariel E. Lugo: Wood Densities of Tropical Tree Species. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report S0-88, 1992.
  • Johan Kamminga: Australian Aboriginal Timber Quick Search. Third Edition, Document 0729 of the Aboriginal Studies Electronic Data Archive (ASEDA), AIATSIS (Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies), Canberra, 2002, online at Scribd, accessed November 18, 2018.
  • Minh Nguyen, Robert Leicester, Laurie Cookson: Timber Durability: Technical Report, Timber Durability Classification. CSIRO Research Publications Repository, 2005, online (PDF), at CSIRO: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research, accessed November 18, 2018.
  • Patrick D. Miles, W. Brad Smith: Specific Gravity and other Properties of Wood and Bark for 156 Tree Species found in North America. Research Note NRS-38, USDA Forest Service, 2009.
  • Katarina Cufar, N. Torelli: Mexican tropical hardwoods. Comparative study of ash and silica content. In: Wood as a raw material. 53 (1), 1995, pp. 61-62, doi: 10.1007 / BF02716389 , online at academia.edu, accessed on November 22, 2018.
  • TJ Venn, K. Whittaker: Potential specialty timber markets for hardwoods of Western Queensland, Australia. In: Small-scale Forestry. 2 (3), 2003, 377–395, doi: 10.1007 / s11842-003-0026-2 , online (PDF), from University of Queensland's institutional repository, accessed November 22, 2018.  

Web links

Wiktionary: Eisenholz  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 5, Leipzig 1906, p. 558 .: Eisenholz at Zeno.org .
  2. ↑ Wood Technical Fact Sheet: Casuarina spp. at Forest Products Laboratory - USDA Forest Service, accessed November 19, 2018.