Michael von Brukenthal

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Michael von Brukenthal (born September 15, 1716 in Leschkirch , Hungarian: Újegyház , today Romanian: Nocrich , Transylvania , Kingdom of Hungary ; † May 13, 1773 in Sibiu , Hungarian: Nagyszeben, Romanian Sibiu ) was a Transylvanian politician, royal notary , chair - and royal judge, chief captain of the Fagaras district.

origin

The Brekner von Brukenthal family, whose most famous representative is Samuel von Brukenthal , belonged to the political, intellectual and social elite of Transylvania in the 18th and 19th centuries in what was then the Kingdom of Hungary .

Michael Brekner from Brukenthal the Elder Ä. was a son of the Leschkircher royal judge Michael Brekner (1676–1736), who on June 8, 1724 by Emperor Karl VI. , the sovereign of the Habsburg Monarchy , was raised to hereditary nobility. His mother, Susanna von Heydendorff (1685–1734), came from the Transylvanian noble family Conrad von Heydendorff from Mediasch (Rum. Mediaș). Michael von Brukenthal senior was a brother of the Transylvanian governor Samuel von Brukenthal.

Of the six children of Michael von Brukenthal the Elder. Ä. (1676–1736) - four daughters and two sons - is only Michael von Brukenthal the Elder. J. (1716–1773) followed family tradition in Leschkirch's royal chair service - first as a notary, then as chair and then as royal judge. He also took over and managed his parents' Brukenthal farm, even after he was appointed captain of the Fagaras district in 1767.

The death registers issued by the Protestant parish AB Leschkirch show that Michael von Brukenthal jun. (1716–1773) and his wife Agnetha, née Brenner, daughter of the Protestant pastor Petrus Brenner (1724–1783), lived in what was then a large Saxon community and the seat of the Leschkirch chair. Except for the son Friedrich Samuel von Brukenthal (1749–1809), all descendants later moved away from Leschkirch: Michael Gottlieb von Brukenthal (1746–1813, later Sachsenkomes) and Peter Carl von Brukenthal (1753–1807) went to Hermannstadt and Georg Martin von Brukenthal (1757–1823) on the agricultural estate in Bägendorf - ung. Bendorf, today around. Beneşti - back, a municipality in the Harbachtal in southern Transylvania , which belongs to the former Saxon village of Alzen (Rum. Alțâna , Hungarian Alcina).

Friedrich Samuel von Brukenthal, who remained in the Leschkirch chair service and was married to Johanna Regina Conrad (1754–1830) since 1776, had only one daughter, Sophia Regina von Brukenthal (1779–1854), who in 1799 was Michael Brandsch (1774 –1837), who had also risen in Leschkirch's chair service to the royal judge. The last owner of the Brukenthal property in Leschkirch was then Gustav Adolph Conrad (1841–1903), son of the royal judge Georg Friedrich Conrad (1795–1855). [1] Gustav Adolph Conrad, naturalist and local historian, founder of Transylvanian forest science, head of the kk forestry office in Sibiu, then designed the Brukenthalisch-Conradischen family property - the English garden and the Italian “Giardino” at the Soldischbastei on the property of the “Villa Conradi ”in Sibiu, where he took over architectural details from Miramare Castle near Trieste . These facilities with the historic "Villa Conradi" were then inherited by his son, Gustav Conrad (1875–1923).

activity

Michael Brekner from Brukenthal the Elder J. traditionally first graduated from the ev. German grammar school in Sibiu (today: Colegiul Național " Samuel von Brukenthal ") and from 1736 studied at the University of Leipzig , the Alma Mater Lipsiensis (AML). After that, back in Transylvania, his rising political career began. As early as 1738 he became a royal chair notary, then, four years later, in 1742 chair judge and in 1748 king judge in Leschkirch. In this position he became assessor of the Directorium Oeconomicum in 1758. In 1762 he was appointed "Komesstellvertreter" (deputy of Sachsencomes) and finally in 1776 he was appointed chief captain of the Fagaras district (Hungarian Fogaras vidék, also Fogarascher Land, Hungarian Fogarasföld), an administrative unit whose main town at that time was Fogarasch (now around Făgăraș) ) was. [2] The most important localities of the historical Fagaras district were, besides the city of Fogarasch, the communities Unterarpasch ( Arpașu de Jos ), Mikesdorf ( Părău ), Unter-Wenitze (Veneția de Jos), Schirkanyen ( Șercaia ), Lower Humans (Comăna de Jos) and Zernen ( Zărneşti ).

literature

  • Georg Adolf Schuller: The old church registers as sources of our cultural history. In: Kirchliche Blätter (Hermannstadt / Nagyszeben), 1906/1907, pp. 777–780, 791–796, 813–815.
  • Emil Sigerus : Chronicle of the city of Sibiu, 1100–1929. 2nd edition Honterus printing and publishing house, Sibiu, 1930.
  • Julius Bielz : portrait catalog of the Transylvanian Saxons . Sibiu: Krafft & Drotleff, 1936, No. 126, portrait (oil), Michael Brekner von Brukenthal (1716–1773), captain of the Fagaras district, Sibiu; Oil portrait in the Gemäldegalerie Brukenthal-Museum .
  • Hermann Hienz: Sources on folklore and local history of the Transylvanian Saxons. Vol. I. Leipzig : S. Hirzel Verlag , 1940.
  • Otto Czekelius : family tree of the direct line Johann Conrad (1615–1682), pastor in Rosch - Gustav Conrad (1875–1923), head of the orphanage in Sibiu. Reprint, Sibiu, 1953.
  • Erika Schneider: From private gardens to urban parks. On the history of the old Hermannstädter green spaces [Michael v. Brukenthal's English Park at the Soldisch Bastion]. In: Die Woche (formerly Hermannstädter Zeitung , Sibiu / Hermannstadt), No. 616, October 5, 1979, p. 5.
  • Friedrich Schuster: The white buffalo bull. Ion Creangă Verlag, Bucharest , 1989, p. 104: Michael Brekner, father of the governor Baron Samuel von Brukenthal, was Leschkirch's royal judge during the Transylvanian wars against the Kuruci (revolting crusade participants, led by György Dózsa ).
  • Michael Edling: Leschkirch legacy of the Brekner von Brukenthal localized. In: Siebenbürgische Zeitung (Munich), volume 3, February 28, 2003, p. 3.
  • Balduin Herter: The Brekner families from Brukenthal. On the history and genealogy of the Transylvanian-Saxon families, volume 6, in: Siebenbürgische Familienforschung ( Heidelberg ), 20th year 2003, pp. 45–48.
  • Lupold von Lehsten: Ancestors list Brekner von Brukenthal, in: Archive for Family History Research (AfF), 9th year, issue 1/2005 CA Starke Verlag , Limburg an der Lahn , pp. 56–62: Ancestors Conrad von Heydendorff.
  • Lisa Fischer: Eden behind the woods. Samuel von Brukenthal: politician, collector, freemason in Hermannstadt / Sibiu, Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2007. ISBN 978-3-205-77634-5 .
  • Frank Thomas Ziegler: New biography about Samuel von Brukenthal. "Eden behind the woods". In: Siebenbürgische Zeitung (Munich), July 29, 2007.
  • Cornelia Feyer: Brukenthals gardens. Splendor and decay in southern Transylvania. Schiller Verlag, Hermannstadt (Sibiu) a. Bonn 2008, ISBN 978-3-941271-02-9 . Romanian edition under the title: Grădinile lui Brukenthal, ISBN 978-3-941271-11-1 .