Mikhail Grigoryevich Semtsov

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mikhail Grigorievich Zemtsov ( Russian Михаил Григорьевич Земцов * 1688 in Moscow , † September 28 jul. / 9. October  1743 greg. In St. Petersburg ) was a Russian architect of Russia's early Baroque .

Life

Semtsov first learned in the armory of the Moscow Kremlin . The Semtsov family then moved to St. Petersburg. In 1709 Semzow learned Italian in the governor's office. 1710 it appointed Peter I. to Domenico Trezzini's assistant and apprentice.

From 1719, Semtsov led the construction of Moscow after the ban on building stone buildings was lifted. In 1720 he was appointed journeyman and was then assistant to Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond and Nicola Michetti . 1720–1722 he represented Michetti in Reval during the construction of the Catherinethal Castle . In 1723 he went to Stockholm to hire masters and craftsmen and to buy the tools they needed. In 1724 he was appointed architect, and Johann Friedrich Blank became his pupil and assistant. 1728–1731 Semzow led the construction of the guard palace of Peter I on an island at the confluence of Fontanka and Jekateringofka in the Neva to the end, which Stefan van Zwieten had started in 1722 and which has not been preserved.

After Anna took office , Semtsov built the Simeon and Anna Church in St. Petersburg from 1731 to 1734 , which was later partially rebuilt and whose helmet Harmen van Bol'es created. In Peterhof he renovated the fountains and the park. His drawing of the grotto in the summer garden demonstrated his talent for drawing, and he was also noticed as a sculptor with his statues in the art chamber of the Academy of Sciences . In 1732 Semzow was commissioned to complete the Alexander Nevsky Monastery . After completing this work, he became a member of the special commission to monitor all urban construction activities in St. Petersburg. 1733–1737 he built the Church of the Birth of Mary on Nevsky Prospect , which has not been preserved. After Trezzini's death in 1734 he took over the construction of a church for the hospitals on the Vyborg side , which was stopped in 1739 due to exhaustion of funds. After the execution of Pyotr Michailowitsch Jeropkins , Semtsov was assigned to the St. Petersburg Building Commission in 1740 to edit Jeropkin's treatise on the duties of the planning office with texts on architectural principles, planning guidelines, responsibilities and rights of architects and to complete it in 1741.

After Elisabeth's accession to the throne in 1741, Semzow became her court architect. In 1741, Semzow planned the Anitschkow Palace with a garden on Nevsky Prospect for Elisabeth , construction of which began shortly afterwards and was completed by Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli by 1754 after Semzov's death . After 32 years in the civil service without a raise in salary and without a rise in rank, he asked Empress Elisabeth for an increase in income and an increase in rank, as his students had already received. Only after a detailed description of his services did she appoint him Podpolkownik ( lieutenant colonel , 7th rank ). Shortly before his death, he began building the Hermitage Pavilion in Catherine Park in Tsarskoye Selo . He also began the construction of the Transfiguration Cathedral in 1743, which was completed by Pietro Antonio Trezzini , a relative of Domenico Trezzini, in 1754 and burned out in 1825 (reconstruction by Vasily Petrovich Stasov ).

Works

  • Catherinethal Castle in Reval

  • Guardian Palace of Peters I.

  • Grotto in the summer garden

  • Simeon and Anna Church

  • Anichkov Palace

  • Hermitage Pavilion in Tsarskoye Selo

  • Transfiguration Cathedral

Web links

Commons : Mikhail Grigoryevich Semtsov  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ James Cracraft: The Petrine revolution in Russian architecture . University of Chicago Press, 1988, ISBN 978-0-226-11664-8 .
  2. ↑ Иогансен М. В .: Михаил Земцов . Лениздат, Leningrad 1975.
  3. ↑ a b c МИХАИЛ ГРИГОРЬЕВИЧ ЗЕМЦОВ (accessed November 22, 2017).
  4. ↑ Article Semzow Mikhail Grigoryevich in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian) http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D037448~2a%3DSemzow%20Michail%20Grigorjewitsch~2b%3DSemzow%20Michail%20Grigorjewitsch.
  5. ↑ Чеснокова А. Н .: Парадный въезд в новую страницу . In: Невский проспект . 1985.
  6. ↑ СПАСО-ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСКИЙ СОБОР (accessed November 22, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Semtsov, Mikhail Grigoryevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Земцов, Михаил Григорьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian architect of the baroque
DATE OF BIRTH 1688
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1743
Place of death St. Petersburg